Known and new genera and species of Symphypleona (Insecta, Collembola) obtained by canopy fogging in Central Amazonia, Brazil

Arthropoda were collected by fogging the canopies of two tree species, Goupia glabra and Calophyllum brasiliense in the Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve near Manaus, Amazonia/Brazil. The Collembola Symphypleona obtained by these studies are described here. The 45 specimens collected belong to 9 species from 6 genera; 8 species and 2 genera (Adisius maculatus n.g. n.sp., Adisius fuscus n.g. n.sp., Arborianna cupiubae n.g. n.sp., Sminthurinus aureussetosus n.sp., Sphaeridia bivirgata n.sp., Sphaeridia duckei n.sp., Sphyrotheca caputalba n.sp., Sphyrotheca coeruleocapitata n.sp.) are new to science

Buddhistische Laien, buddhistische Profis: Individualisierung von Religiosität als Folge einer Neuverteilung religiösen Wissens im modernen Buddhismus Sri Lankas

Sven Bretfeld: Buddhistische Laien, buddhistische Profis: Individualisierung von Religiosität als Folge einer Neuverteilung religiösen Wissens im modernen Buddhismus Sri Lankas Seit Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts haben srilankische Laienbuddhisten den Exklusivanspruch des Klerus auf die alleinige religiöse Deutungsmacht mehr und mehr streitig gemacht. Die auf dieser Neustrukturierung der religiösen Wissensproduktion aufbauende Vipassanā-Bewegung hat seit Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts die zuvor allenfalls in kleinen exklusiven Mönchszirkeln verbreitete buddhistische Meditationspraxis erstmals in der Geschichte Sri Lankas als optionale Form religiöser Aktivität einem grösseren Laienpublikum verfügbar gemacht. Neudeutungen im Gefolge der Vipassanā-Bewegung ermöglichen eine profiliertere selbst- und fremdreferenzielle Deutung des Individuums. Insbesondere Laien-Buddhisten treten in neuer Weise als religiös profilierte Individuen jenseits eines standardisierten Rollenmodells auf. Paradoxer Weise produziert diese Bewegung gleichzeitig Tendenzen zu einer weiteren Aristokratisierung privilegierter Schichten

Hoisted by their Own Petard: The Emergence of Sri Lankan Buddhist Printing and Counter-Christian Activities

This contribution describes the emergence of print technology in Sri Lanka and the role it played in shaping modern Sri Lankan Buddhism, as exemplified by the case study of the textual transmission of the Mahāvaṃsa, a chronicle of the history of Sri Lanka. The first part is devoted to a description of the reception of this work in the European scholarly tradition, followed by a brief examination of the interaction of oral and manuscript transmission of Buddhist texts in pre-modern Sri Lankan Buddhist culture and society. Vaṃsa literature can be seen as a product of the change from orality to writing. The establishment of printing culture in the nineteenth century however changed the status of this type of literature. The rediscovery of vaṃsa literature by European scholars caused a change in the reception and use of this genre in Sri Lanka. Thus, in recent times vaṃsas are seen as historical literature and play an important part in Sinhala Nationalism

A second species of the genus Sturmius BRETFELD, 1994: Sturmius truncivivus n.sp. from Brazil (Insecta, Collembola, Symphypleona)

From Manaus, Brazil, AM, Sturmius truncivivus n.sp. is described. It is the second species of this remarkable genus, which is known from Colombia and shows an unusual combination of characteristics. This new species lives on trees, as does the type species, but has not been collected from epiphytes but by trunk traps

Transformierte Buddhismen

Die Beiträge der Zeitschrift befassen sich auf der Basis neuester Forschungsergebnisse sowohl mit historischen Prozessen als auch rezenten Entwicklungen in den verschiedenen Buddhismen. Dabei werden lokal spezifische wie auch transkulturelle Adaptions-, Transformations- und Innovationsprozesse in den Blick genommen. Der Fokus der Beiträge liegt auf Wandlungsprozessen in buddhistischen Vorstellungen, Rhetoriken, Praktiken und Ästhetiken, die durch historische und gesellschaftliche Veränderungen als auch durch den geographischen Transfer buddhistischer Ideen und Praktiken (z.B. zwischen Ost und West und umgekehrt) hervorgerufen wurden und werden. Im Rahmen der Zeitschrift werden für das skizzierte Themenfeld relevante Publikationen besprochen

Biodiversity of the Collembola Fauna of Wetland Kerkini (N. Greece), with description of the sexual dimorphism of Entomobrya atrocincta Schött 1896 (Collembola: Entomobryomorpha)

A report on the results of a research into some aspects of the collembolan fauna of the Greek Nature Reserve associated with Lake Kerkini, known as Wetland Kerkini, is presented. The nature reserve is large and includes a wide variety of habitats, many of which were not included in this preliminary survey. From the areas sampled we recorded 44 species, of which 39 were previously described, two (Folsomia potapovi Jordana & Baquero n. sp., Entomobrya naziridisi Jordana & Baquero n. sp.), are new to science, while three are identifi ed to generic level; a further 21 are new records for Greece, and an additional 11 species are new records to the Greek Mainland. Sampling with Berlese- Tullgren funnels and Malaise traps allowed us to capture species typical of soil and species present over vegetation. This summary is based on the records held in the online database of the Fauna Europaea Project

Ecological changes in historically polluted soils: Metal(loid) bioaccumulation in microarthropods and their impact on community structure

International audienceSoil pollution by persistent metal(loid)s present environmental and sanitary risks. While the effects of metal(loid)s on vegetation and macrofauna have been widely studied, their impact on microarthropods (millimetre scale) and their bioaccumulation capacity have been less investigated. However, microarthropods provide important ecosystem services, contributing in particular to soil organic matter dynamics. This study focussed on the impact of metal(loid) pollution on the structure and distribution of microarthropod communities and their potential to bioaccumulate lead (Pb). Soil samples were collected from a contaminated historical site with a strong horizontal and vertical gradient of Pb concentrations. Microarthropods were extracted using the Berlese method. The field experiments showed that microarthropods were present even in extremely polluted soils (30,000 mg Pb kg− 1). However, while microarthropod abundance increased with increasing soil C/N content (R2 = 0.79), richness decreased with increasing pollution. A shift in the community structure from an oribatid-to a springtail-dominated community was observed in less polluted soils (R2 = 0.68). In addition, Pb bioamplification occurred in microarthropods, with higher Pb concentrations in predators than in detritivorous microarthropods. Finally, the importance of feeding and reproductive ecological traits as potentially relevant descriptors of springtail community structures was highlighted. This study demonstrates the interest of microarthropod communities with different trophic levels and ecological features for evaluating the global environmental impact of metal(loid) pollution on soil biological quality

Figure 9: Aspects of ultimate legs during courtship behavior.

The arthropodium is the key innovation of arthropods. Its various modifications are the outcome of multiple evolutionary transformations, and the foundation of nearly endless functional possibilities. In contrast to hexapods, crustaceans, and even chelicerates, the spectrum of evolutionary transformations of myriapod arthropodia is insufficiently documented and rarely scrutinized. Among Myriapoda, Chilopoda (centipedes) are characterized by their venomous forcipules—evolutionarily transformed walking legs of the first trunk segment. In addition, the posterior end of the centipedes’ body, in particular the ultimate legs, exhibits a remarkable morphological heterogeneity. Not participating in locomotion, they hold a vast functional diversity. In many centipede species, elongation and annulation in combination with an augmentation of sensory structures indicates a functional shift towards a sensory appendage. In other species, thickening, widening and reinforcement with a multitude of cuticular protuberances and glandular systems suggests a role in both attack and defense. Moreover, sexual dimorphic characteristics indicate that centipede ultimate legs play a pivotal role in intraspecific communication, mate finding and courtship behavior. We address ambiguous identifications and designations of podomeres in order to point out controversial aspects of homology and homonymy. We provide a broad summary of descriptions, illustrations, ideas and observations published in past 160 years, and propose that studying centipede ultimate legs is not only essential in itself for filling gaps of knowledge in descriptive morphology, but also provides an opportunity to explore diverse pathways of leg transformations within Myriapoda