23 research outputs found
Les marqueurs phonétiques de la perception de l'accent québécois
Si certaines Ă©tudes ont mis en lumiĂšre les principales diffĂ©rences phonĂ©tiques entre le français du QuĂ©bec (FQ) et le français de France (FF), peu d'entre elles ont Ă©tĂ© consacrĂ©es Ă l'importance perceptive de ces diffĂ©rences dans la reconnaissance des accents quĂ©bĂ©cois et français. On rĂ©fĂšre Ă ces diffĂ©rences dont la perception permet de reconnaĂźtre l 'origine dialectale du locuteur par le terme de marqueurs dialectaux. La prĂ©sente Ă©tude vise Ă dĂ©terminer l'importance perceptive de cinq phĂ©nomĂšnes phonĂ©tiques, soit l'affrication de /t/ et de /d/, le relĂąchement de /i/, /y/ et /u/, la postĂ©riorisation de /a/, la fermeture de /E/ et l'antĂ©riorisation de /ĂŁ/, dans l'identification de l'accent quĂ©bĂ©cois. Deux corpus de phrases de type ±Le Xâ est Xâ Âż ont Ă©tĂ© produits en FQ et en FF, chaque phĂ©nomĂšne du FQ pouvant apparaĂźtre dans les deux cibles (Xâ et Xâ). Ces cibles (sous forme de mot dans le 1er corpus et de logatome dans le 2e) ont Ă©tĂ© manipulĂ©es pour obtenir un continuum perceptif allant de la rĂ©alisation française Ă la rĂ©alisation quĂ©bĂ©coise. Les participants (41 sujets natifs du français quĂ©bĂ©cois) ont eu pour tĂąche d'identifier l'origine gĂ©ographique des locuteurs. Les rĂ©sultats ont permis de relier les phĂ©nomĂšnes phonĂ©tiques Ă©tudiĂ©s Ă la perception de la variation dialectale et d 'Ă©tablir une hiĂ©rarchie de ces marqueurs dialectaux sur la base de la pertinence perceptive que leur accordent les participants, en tenant compte de leur position dans la phrase et de la prĂ©sence d'autres marqueurs. Le relĂąchement et l'affrication se sont particuliĂšrenlent dĂ©marquĂ©s quant Ă leur poids perceptif
Interactions audio-tactiles et perception de la parole : Comparaisons entre sujets aveugles et voyants
International audienceThe present study investigated whether manual tactile information from a speaker's face modulates the decoding of speech when audio-tactile perception is compared with audio-only perception. Two groups of congenitally blind and sighted adults were compared. Participants performed a syllable decision task across three conditions: audio-only and congruent/incongruent audio-tactile conditions. For the auditory modality, the syllables were presented in a background white noise or without noise. Our results demonstrate that manual tactile information relevant to recovering speech gestures modulates auditory speech perception in case of degraded acoustic information and that these audio-tactile interactions occur similarly in untrained listeners despite differences in sensory skillsLe but de cette expĂ©rience Ă©tait d'Ă©valuer si l'information tactile, obtenu manuellement par le contact avec le visage du locuteur peut moduler le dĂ©codage de la parole. La perception audio-tactile de la parole a Ă©tĂ© comparĂ© Ă la seule perception auditive chez des sujets aveugles et des sujets voyants. Les participants devaient rĂ©aliser une tĂąche de dĂ©cision phonĂ©mique dans trois conditions : auditive, audio-tactile cohĂ©rente et audio-tactile non cohĂ©rente, avec ou sans bruit masquant. Les rĂ©sultats montrent qu'une information tactile sur les gestes de la parole amĂ©liore la perception de la parole en cas d'information acoustique dĂ©gradĂ©e. MalgrĂ© de possibles diffĂ©rences de sensibilitĂ© sensorielle entre ces deux groupes de sujets, le mĂȘme type d'interaction audio-tactile a Ă©tĂ© constatĂ© pour les auditeurs voyants et aveugles
Altimetry for the future: Building on 25 years of progress
In 2018 we celebrated 25 years of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and provides guidance for future mission design, research activities, and sustainable operational radar altimetry data exploitation. Recommendations provided are fundamental for optimizing further scientific and operational advances of oceanographic observations by altimetry, including requirements for spatial and temporal resolution of altimetric measurements, their accuracy and continuity. There are also new challenges and new openings mentioned in the paper that are particularly crucial for observations at higher latitudes, for coastal oceanography, for cryospheric studies and for hydrology. The paper starts with a general introduction followed by a section on Earth System Science including Ocean Dynamics, Sea Level, the Coastal Ocean, Hydrology, the Cryosphere and Polar Oceans and the ââGreenâ Ocean, extending the frontier from biogeochemistry to marine ecology. Applications are described in a subsequent section, which covers Operational Oceanography, Weather, Hurricane Wave and Wind Forecasting, Climate projection. Instrumentsâ development and satellite missionsâ evolutions are described in a fourth section. A fifth section covers the key observations that altimeters provide and their potential complements, from other Earth observation measurements to in situ data. Section 6 identifies the data and methods and provides some accuracy and resolution requirements for the wet tropospheric correction, the orbit and other geodetic requirements, the Mean Sea Surface, Geoid and Mean Dynamic Topography, Calibration and Validation, data accuracy, data access and handling (including the DUACS system). Section 7 brings a transversal view on scales, integration, artificial intelligence, and capacity building (education and training). Section 8 reviews the programmatic issues followed by a conclusion
Altimetry for the future: building on 25 years of progress
In 2018 we celebrated 25âŻyears of development of radar altimetry, and the progress achieved by this methodology in the fields of global and coastal oceanography, hydrology, geodesy and cryospheric sciences. Many symbolic major events have celebrated these developments, e.g., in Venice, Italy, the 15th (2006) and 20th (2012) years of progress and more recently, in 2018, in Ponta Delgada, Portugal, 25 Years of Progress in Radar Altimetry. On this latter occasion it was decided to collect contributions of scientists, engineers and managers involved in the worldwide altimetry community to depict the state of altimetry and propose recommendations for the altimetry of the future. This paper summarizes contributions and recommendations that were collected and provides guidance for future mission design, research activities, and sustainable operational radar altimetry data exploitation. Recommendations provided are fundamental for optimizing further scientific and operational advances of oceanographic observations by altimetry, including requirements for spatial and temporal resolution of altimetric measurements, their accuracy and continuity. There are also new challenges and new openings mentioned in the paper that are particularly crucial for observations at higher latitudes, for coastal oceanography, for cryospheric studies and for hydrology.
The paper starts with a general introduction followed by a section on Earth System Science including Ocean Dynamics, Sea Level, the Coastal Ocean, Hydrology, the Cryosphere and Polar Oceans and the âGreenâ Ocean, extending the frontier from biogeochemistry to marine ecology. Applications are described in a subsequent section, which covers Operational Oceanography, Weather, Hurricane Wave and Wind Forecasting, Climate projection. Instrumentsâ development and satellite missionsâ evolutions are described in a fourth section. A fifth section covers the key observations that altimeters provide and their potential complements, from other Earth observation measurements to in situ data. Section 6 identifies the data and methods and provides some accuracy and resolution requirements for the wet tropospheric correction, the orbit and other geodetic requirements, the Mean Sea Surface, Geoid and Mean Dynamic Topography, Calibration and Validation, data accuracy, data access and handling (including the DUACS system). Section 7 brings a transversal view on scales, integration, artificial intelligence, and capacity building (education and training). Section 8 reviews the programmatic issues followed by a conclusion
Auditory-tactile speech perception in congenitally blind and sighted adults
International audienceThe present study investigated whether manual tactile information from a speaker's face modulates the intelligibility of speech when audio-tactile perception is compared with audio-only perception. Since more elaborated auditory and tactile skills have been reported in the blind, two groups of congenitally blind and sighted adults were compared. Participants performed a forced-choice syllable decision task across three conditions: audio-only and congruent/incongruent audio-tactile conditions. For the auditory modality, the syllables were embedded or not in noise while, for the tactile modality, participants felt in synchrony a mouthed syllable by placing a hand on the face of a talker. In the absence of acoustic noise, syllables were almost perfectly recognized in all conditions. On the contrary, with syllables embedded with acoustic noise, more correct responses were reported in case of congruent mouthing compared to no mouthing, and in case of no mouthing compared to incongruent mouthing. Interestingly, no perceptual differences were observed between blind and sighted adults. These findings demonstrate that manual tactile information relevant to recovering speech gestures modulates auditory speech perception in case of degraded acoustic information and that audio-tactile interactions occur similarly in blind and sighted untrained listeners
A proposed mechanism underlying the process of Ca2+-mediated transfer of DNA across biological membranes
SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Territoires inclusifs 2, vol. 2 : Le rĂŽle des institutions et des acteurs locaux
International audienc
Territoires Inclusifs 1
International audienceLes inĂ©galitĂ©s et autres « fractures sociales » marquent nos Ă©conomies et nos sociĂ©tĂ©s contemporaines. Si lâon a pu se contenter longtemps dâapproches globales, lâenjeu est aujourdâhui mis sur la façon dont les dynamiques locales permettent de rendre lâinclusion possible.Cet ouvrage collectif en deux volumes rend compte de ces dynamiques locales dâacteurs, en Ă©clairant la façon dont la crĂ©ation de territoires inclusifs peut sâenvisager et se dĂ©velopper. Dans cette visĂ©e, lâenrĂŽlement des organisations, quâelles soient publiques, privĂ©es ou associatives a Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ© comme lâune des conditions de rĂ©ussite des dispositifs mis en place. Elles oeuvrent, en effet, tant comme partenaires sur un territoire que comme espace inclusif.Territoires inclusifs 1 questionne plus particuliĂšrement les dĂ©marches mises en oeuvre par les entreprises, prenant lâinclusion comme projet
Territoires inclusifs 2
International audienceLes inĂ©galitĂ©s et autres « fractures sociales » marquent nos Ă©conomies et nos sociĂ©tĂ©s contemporaines. Si lâon a pu se contenter longtemps dâapproches globales, lâenjeu est aujourdâhui mis sur la façon dont les dynamiques locales permettent de rendre lâinclusion possible.Cet ouvrage collectif en deux volumes rend compte de ces dynamiques locales dâacteurs, en Ă©clairant la façon dont la crĂ©ation de territoires inclusifs peut sâenvisager et se dĂ©velopper. Dans cette visĂ©e, lâenrĂŽlement des organisations, quâelles soient publiques, privĂ©es ou associatives a Ă©tĂ© identifiĂ© comme lâune des conditions de rĂ©ussite des dispositifs mis en place. Elles oeuvrent, en effet, tant comme partenaires sur un territoire que comme espace inclusif.Territoires inclusifs 2 met lâaccent sur les partenariats locaux qui favorisent lâinclusion, en prĂ©sentant des dispositifs existants et en discutant les conditions de leur impulsion
Territoires inclusifs 1, vol. 1 : Le rĂŽle des entreprises et des organisations
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