Observations from a systematic review of pharmacist- led research in solid organ transplantation: An opinion paper of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy Immunology/Transplantation Practice and Research Network

IntroductionThe contributions of transplant pharmacists to clinical and translational research in the United States are ill- defined and have not been systematically reviewed.ObjectivesThe American College of Clinical Pharmacy Immunology/Transplantation Practice and Research Network conducted a systematic review of available pharmacist- led research publications involving solid organ transplantation with the intent to quantify and describe pharmacist- led research endeavors and their changes over time.MethodsAn electronic search of Scopus was conducted to identify publications in the field of solid organ transplantation by pharmacist authors between January 1, 1975 and May 25, 2017. Articles were excluded if they were written in non- English languages or originated from non- US countries. Review articles, case reports, surveys, basic science research, pre- clinical studies, and non- transplant research were further excluded. Studies were categorized as one of four phases on the clinical and translational research spectrum, adapted from the Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center description of a T1 to T4 classification system.ResultsA total of 10- 354 publications were identified by the systematic search with 547 full- text English- language publications included in the analysis. Pharmacists served as the first author in 87% of the articles and as the senior author in 67% of the articles. A total of 71% of the articles included more than one pharmacist author. Transplant pharmacists published more studies that employed a retrospective or observational study design (55% and 78%, respectively). A total of 37% of studies were funded. On the spectrum of clinical and translation research, pharmacists were most involved in T3 (translation to practice) research (72%), followed by T2 (translation to patients) research (23%).ConclusionsTransplant pharmacists are increasingly represented in the US literature and frequently published across domains. Further demonstrating the relevance of pharmacist- delivered interventions and outcomes is a critical area of practice focus.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163590/2/jac51294.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/163590/1/jac51294_am.pd

Donor functionalised organolanthanide complexes

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Evaluation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 monoclonal antibodies in high-risk solid organ transplant recipients across three major coronavirus disease 2019 variant waves.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to impact immunocompromised populations including solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs). Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have shown effectiveness in reducing COVID-19-related hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits in SOTRs at different time frames in the COVID-19 pandemic; however, less data exist on the impact of mAbs for SOTRs across variant waves and with the advent of available COVID-19 vaccines. METHODS: This retrospective study included SOTR outpatients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and received mAbs from December 2020 to February 2022 (n = 233); using in-house sequencing of clinical samples, we monitored the emergence of Alpha, Delta, and Omicron variants. The primary outcome was a composite of 29-day COVID-19-related hospitalizations and ED visits. Prespecified secondary outcomes included individual components of the primary endpoint; for patients requiring hospitalization post-mAb administration, we describe their inpatient treatment. RESULTS: A low percentage of SOTRs treated with mAb required hospitalization or an ED visit (14.6% overall); this did not differ across COVID-19 variants (p = .152). Hospitalization and ED visits did not significantly differ between abdominal and cardiothoracic SOTRs. For hospitalized patients, the majority received treatment with corticosteroids and few required intensive care unit (ICU) care. CONCLUSION: Among SOTR outpatients with mild or moderate COVID-19 symptoms, early administration of mAb minimizes the need for hospital care. For patients requiring hospitalization, corticosteroids were common but patients experienced low rates of oxygen supplementation and ICU care. Use of mAbs in SOTRs should be considered early in the disease when therapy is available