Methods for Optimization of Student’s Number in Higher Educational Institutions

Introduction. The article deals with implementation of tasks of specialists’ training by universities. The relevance is determined by a dropout trends in training years. The authors analyze the results of the specialists’ training and graduation; also they determine the goal and objectives of the research. The study purpose is to identify specialists’ training patterns and to develop methods to optimize the students’ number in training years according to the final results. Materials and Methods. Results of training and graduates’ number for 2012-2017 comprised material for the study. An approach to provide management of assignment for higher education professionals training has been developed, and it is the students’ number optimization methodology in years of study according to the final results. It links initial and final results into one line and predicts intermediate results that ensure fulfillment of graduates’ training orders not lower than the established final results. The following general scientific methods are used in the article: compilation, benchmarking, synthesis and normative forecasting. Results. Optimization methodologies in years of education concerning the final results were tested. The findings showed that the final result directly depends on the intermediate results; the students’ number decline can be brought to optimal values if initial and final results are determined and linked with each other. Discussion and Conclusion. The possibility to bring students’ number reduction into line with optimal values is proved theoretically and practically if the forecast of graduation is provided. Thus the forecast of optimal intermediate results is the main link for educational management methods development for specialists’ training tasks. It is an area for further research. The contribution to science consists in the development of methods for predicting the optimal number of students in the year regarding to the final result. The article’s materials will be useful to the permanent composition of professional educational institutions for the development of measures tar geted control in the educational process

Влияние предварительного окисления углеродного носителя на активность нанесенного медьсодержащего катализатора дегидрирования этанола

Copper supported catalysts based on preliminary oxidized carbon fibers have been studied. Nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide have been used for prior oxidation treatment of the supports. To characterize this materials N<sub>2</sub> adsorption-desorption and titration technics were used. Compared to nonoxidized activated carbon fibers, no significant changes in the texture of the modified supports were found, while there were differences in surface functionalities. Cupper supported catalysts were prepared by wetness impregnation and characterized by TPR, SEM. The influence of different surface functional groups on the distribution of active metal has been discussed. Besides, the catalysts were tested in the process of ethanol dehydrogenation. Cupper supported on activated carbon fibers preliminary oxidized with HNO<sub>3</sub> appeared to be more active in the process, although less stable at high temperatures. The reasons of the loss of activity have been also discussed.Исследованы медные катализаторы на основе активированных углеродных волокон, при-меняемые в процессе дегидрирования этанола. Показано влияние предварительной окислительной обработки (азотной кислотой или перекисью водорода) носителя на свойства каталитических систем

The OpenMolcas Web: A Community-Driven Approach to Advancing Computational Chemistry

The developments of the open-source OpenMolcas chemistry software environment since spring 2020 are described, with a focus on novel functionalities accessible in the stable branch of the package or via interfaces with other packages. These developments span a wide range of topics in computational chemistry and are presented in thematic sections: electronic structure theory, electronic spectroscopy simulations, analytic gradients and molecular structure optimizations, ab initio molecular dynamics, and other new features. This report offers an overview of the chemical phenomena and processes OpenMolcas can address, while showing that OpenMolcas is an attractive platform for state-of-the-art atomistic computer simulations

Cause of Death and Predictors of All-Cause Mortality in Anticoagulated Patients With Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation : Data From ROCKET AF

M. Kaste on työryhmän ROCKET AF Steering Comm jäsen.Background-Atrial fibrillation is associated with higher mortality. Identification of causes of death and contemporary risk factors for all-cause mortality may guide interventions. Methods and Results-In the Rivaroxaban Once Daily Oral Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared with Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation (ROCKET AF) study, patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation were randomized to rivaroxaban or dose-adjusted warfarin. Cox proportional hazards regression with backward elimination identified factors at randomization that were independently associated with all-cause mortality in the 14 171 participants in the intention-to-treat population. The median age was 73 years, and the mean CHADS(2) score was 3.5. Over 1.9 years of median follow-up, 1214 (8.6%) patients died. Kaplan-Meier mortality rates were 4.2% at 1 year and 8.9% at 2 years. The majority of classified deaths (1081) were cardiovascular (72%), whereas only 6% were nonhemorrhagic stroke or systemic embolism. No significant difference in all-cause mortality was observed between the rivaroxaban and warfarin arms (P=0.15). Heart failure (hazard ratio 1.51, 95% CI 1.33-1.70, P= 75 years (hazard ratio 1.69, 95% CI 1.51-1.90, P Conclusions-In a large population of patients anticoagulated for nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, approximate to 7 in 10 deaths were cardiovascular, whereasPeer reviewe

Improved functionalization of oleic acid-coated iron oxide nanoparticles for biomedical applications

Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles can providemultiple benefits for biomedical applications in aqueous environments such asmagnetic separation or magnetic resonance imaging. To increase the colloidal stability and allow subsequent reactions, the introduction of hydrophilic functional groups onto the particles’ surface is essential. During this process, the original coating is exchanged by preferably covalently bonded ligands such as trialkoxysilanes. The duration of the silane exchange reaction, which commonly takes more than 24 h, is an important drawback for this approach. In this paper, we present a novel method, which introduces ultrasonication as an energy source to dramatically accelerate this process, resulting in high-quality waterdispersible nanoparticles around 10 nmin size. To prove the generic character, different functional groups were introduced on the surface including polyethylene glycol chains, carboxylic acid, amine, and thiol groups. Their colloidal stability in various aqueous buffer solutions as well as human plasma and serum was investigated to allow implementation in biomedical and sensing applications.status: publishe

Опыт лечения гангрены Фурнье, осложненной развитием перитонита

Fournier’s gangrene (FG) is a rare but rather formidable disease that has been occurring more and more often in surgical hospitals of the country in the last decade. Such situation, in our opinion, is explained by an increase in the number of immunocompromised patients. A number of concomitant diseases is a predisposing factor for the development of FG: diabetes mellitus, obesity, cirrhosis, malignant tumors, alcoholism, drug addiction, glucocorticoids, condition after chemotherapy, nutritional deficiency. The course of the disease is accompanied by a high mortality rate – up to 88.0 %, and among the surviving patients, about 30.0 % need constant care after discharge from the hospital and more than 50.0 % – in repeated reconstructive and plastic surgeries on the genitals and perineum. Annually in our clinic, up to 5–6 people are hospitalized with this diagnosis. In this article, we present a rare clinical observation of the treatment a patient with FG, complicated by the development of peritonitis with a favorable outcome.Гангрена Фурнье (ГФ) – редкое, но довольно грозное заболевание, которое в последнее десятилетие встречается в хирургических стационарах страны все чаще. Такая ситуация, на наш взгляд, объясняется увеличением количества иммунокомпрометированных пациентов. Ряд сопутствующих заболеваний является предрасполагающим фактором для развития ГФ: сахарный диабет, ожирение, цирроз печени, злокачественные опухоли, алкоголизм, наркомания, прием глюкокортикостероидов, состояние после химиотерапии, алиментарная недостаточность. Течение заболевания сопровождается высокой летальностью – до 88,0 %, а среди выживших пациентов около 30,0 % нуждаются в постоянном уходе после выписки из стационара и более 50,0 % – в повторных реконструктивных и пластических операциях на наружных гениталиях и промежности. Ежегодно в нашу клинику госпитализируется до 5–6 человек с данным диагнозом. В этой статье мы приводим редкое клиническое наблюдение лечения пациента с ГФ, осложнившейся развитием перитонита, с благоприятным исходом.Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.Финансирование. Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки

Effects of alirocumab on types of myocardial infarction: insights from the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial

Aims  The third Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction (MI) Task Force classified MIs into five types: Type 1, spontaneous; Type 2, related to oxygen supply/demand imbalance; Type 3, fatal without ascertainment of cardiac biomarkers; Type 4, related to percutaneous coronary intervention; and Type 5, related to coronary artery bypass surgery. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) reduction with statins and proprotein convertase subtilisin–kexin Type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors reduces risk of MI, but less is known about effects on types of MI. ODYSSEY OUTCOMES compared the PCSK9 inhibitor alirocumab with placebo in 18 924 patients with recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and elevated LDL-C (≥1.8 mmol/L) despite intensive statin therapy. In a pre-specified analysis, we assessed the effects of alirocumab on types of MI. Methods and results  Median follow-up was 2.8 years. Myocardial infarction types were prospectively adjudicated and classified. Of 1860 total MIs, 1223 (65.8%) were adjudicated as Type 1, 386 (20.8%) as Type 2, and 244 (13.1%) as Type 4. Few events were Type 3 (n = 2) or Type 5 (n = 5). Alirocumab reduced first MIs [hazard ratio (HR) 0.85, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77–0.95; P = 0.003], with reductions in both Type 1 (HR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77–0.99; P = 0.032) and Type 2 (0.77, 0.61–0.97; P = 0.025), but not Type 4 MI. Conclusion  After ACS, alirocumab added to intensive statin therapy favourably impacted on Type 1 and 2 MIs. The data indicate for the first time that a lipid-lowering therapy can attenuate the risk of Type 2 MI. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction below levels achievable with statins is an effective preventive strategy for both MI types.For complete list of authors see http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz299</p

The OpenMolcas Web: A Community-Driven Approach to Advancing Computational Chemistry

The developments of the open-source OpenMolcas chemistry software environment since spring 2020 are described, with a focus on novel functionalities accessible in the stable branch of the package or via interfaces with other packages. These developments span a wide range of topics in computational chemistry and are presented in thematic sections: electronic structure theory, electronic spectroscopy simulations, analytic gradients and molecular structure optimizations, ab initio molecular dynamics, and other new features. This report offers an overview of the chemical phenomena and processes OpenMolcas can address, while showing that OpenMolcas is an attractive platform for state-of-the-art atomistic computer simulations

Effect of alirocumab on mortality after acute coronary syndromes. An analysis of the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES randomized clinical trial

Background: Previous trials of PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9) inhibitors demonstrated reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events, but not death. We assessed the effects of alirocumab on death after index acute coronary syndrome. Methods: ODYSSEY OUTCOMES (Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes After an Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment With Alirocumab) was a double-blind, randomized comparison of alirocumab or placebo in 18 924 patients who had an ACS 1 to 12 months previously and elevated atherogenic lipoproteins despite intensive statin therapy. Alirocumab dose was blindly titrated to target achieved low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) between 25 and 50 mg/dL. We examined the effects of treatment on all-cause death and its components, cardiovascular and noncardiovascular death, with log-rank testing. Joint semiparametric models tested associations between nonfatal cardiovascular events and cardiovascular or noncardiovascular death. Results: Median follow-up was 2.8 years. Death occurred in 334 (3.5%) and 392 (4.1%) patients, respectively, in the alirocumab and placebo groups (hazard ratio [HR], 0.85; 95% CI, 0.73 to 0.98; P=0.03, nominal P value). This resulted from nonsignificantly fewer cardiovascular (240 [2.5%] vs 271 [2.9%]; HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.05; P=0.15) and noncardiovascular (94 [1.0%] vs 121 [1.3%]; HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.59 to 1.01; P=0.06) deaths with alirocumab. In a prespecified analysis of 8242 patients eligible for ≥3 years follow-up, alirocumab reduced death (HR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.94; P=0.01). Patients with nonfatal cardiovascular events were at increased risk for cardiovascular and noncardiovascular deaths (P<0.0001 for the associations). Alirocumab reduced total nonfatal cardiovascular events (P<0.001) and thereby may have attenuated the number of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular deaths. A post hoc analysis found that, compared to patients with lower LDL-C, patients with baseline LDL-C ≥100 mg/dL (2.59 mmol/L) had a greater absolute risk of death and a larger mortality benefit from alirocumab (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.56 to 0.90; Pinteraction=0.007). In the alirocumab group, all-cause death declined wit h achieved LDL-C at 4 months of treatment, to a level of approximately 30 mg/dL (adjusted P=0.017 for linear trend). Conclusions: Alirocumab added to intensive statin therapy has the potential to reduce death after acute coronary syndrome, particularly if treatment is maintained for ≥3 years, if baseline LDL-C is ≥100 mg/dL, or if achieved LDL-C is low. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01663402