La nocardiose cérébrale, prise en charge et traitement avec étude de cas

LYON1-BU Santé (693882101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Characterization of industrial dried whey emulsions at different stages of spray-drying

International audienceCommercial dried food emulsions, with high fat content (50 g fat /100 g), were prepared at plant scale from whey and palm oil. Five powders were analyzed: powder without fines, taken from the bottom of the spray-dryer chamber; fines 1 and fines 2 respectively collected at the bottom of the first and second cyclones, a mix of fines 1 and fines 2 and the final powder, taken during packing. Scanning electronic and optical microscopy showed only spherical particles and also indicated that fines 2 were roughly twice as smaller as other powder particles. Free fat content was significantly higher in fines than in final powder. Reconstituted emulsions (10 g powder/100 g water) were analyzed by laser light scattering. Aggregation and coalescence indexes were very low, except in reconstituted emulsions made with fines 2. This is consistent with their high free fat content and suggests that this results from processing through the cyclones

Hydrothermal circulation during exhumation constrained by fluid inclusion analyses, zircon fission-track and monazite Th-Pb dating (Belledonne massif, external Alps).

PosterInternational audiencen the Lauziere granite (external crystalline massif of Belledonne, Alps), a multidisciplinary approach was usedto constrain the timing of hydrothermal activity and its influence on the geothermal gradient of the neighbouringrocks. The samples were collected within a metric cleft (a fissure partly filled with hydrothermally grown minerals)and within the granite host-rock, taken at different distances from the cleft. The cleft is mainly filled by quartz,albite, adularia, chlorite. It also contains numerous species of accessory minerals such as anatase, rutile, ilmenite,hematite, apatite, monazite or xenotime that can reach several millimeters in size. Clef monazite age was deter-mined by in-situ isotopic Th-Pb dating on different compositional domains of four grains. Within a single grain,monazite ages, obtained in domains with distinct compositions, overlap. This indicates that hydrothermal monazitegrain precipitates over a relatively short geological time period around a mean age of 12.4±0.1 Ma (MSWD =1.7; N= 86). In order to constrain the conditions of monazite precipitation, fluid inclusions analyses have beenattempted in quartz and monazite. Microthermometric data for fluid inclusions indicate that monazite precipitatedin the earliest stage of the vein formation from a hydrothermal fluid with a temperature probably >400◦C (basedon the isochor calculation at minimum pressure of 1.0 kbar). In the host-rock, exhumation age and the impact offluid circulation were investigated from zircon fission track (ZFT) dating in the host-rock. At the cleft contact,resetting of the ZFT ages indicates that hydrothermal fluid locally reheated the granite host-rock, which was al-ready exhumed and cooled down at temperature

A New Alpine Metallogenic Model for the Pb-Ag Orogenic Deposits of Macôt-la Plagne and Peisey-Nancroix (Western Alps, France)

International audienceUnderstanding mass transfer associated with fluids circultion and deformation in the Alpine orogeny is often complex due to common multistage crystallization. For example, in two emblematic and historic Pb-Ag deposits of the French Alps, Macôt-la Plagne (MP) and Peisey-Nancroix (PN), a sedimentary or orogenic origin is still debated. To discriminate between the metallogenic models of the two deposits, an integrative methodology combining field, microstructural, mineralogical, thermobarometrical, and geochronological data was here applied for establishing detailed Pressure–Temperature–Time–Deformation (P-T-t-d) mineralization conditions. Both deposits are located in Permo-Triassic quartzite of the External Briançonnais domain along the Internal Briançonnais Front (Internal Western Alps). The ore mainly occurs as veins and disseminated textures containing galena, pyrite, and variable content of tetrahedrite–tennantite and chalcopyrite. Quartz porphyroclasts and sulfide microstructures indicate a dynamic recrystallization of the quartzite during the main fluid mineralization episode. Chlorites and K-white micas (phengite) chemical analysis and thermodynamic modeling from compositional maps indicate an onset of the mineralization at 280 °C, with a main precipitation stage at 315 ± 35 °C and 6.25 ± 0.75 kbar. In situ U-Pb dating on monazite, cogenetic with sulfides, gives ages around 35 Ma for both deposits. The integrative dataset converges for a cogenetic MP-PN Alpine Pb-Ag mineralization during deformation in relation to the thrusting of the “Nappe des Gypses” and the Internal Briançonnais at the metamorphic peak

Rilpivirine in HIV-1-positive women initiating pregnancy: to switch or not to switch?

International audienceBackgroundSafety data about rilpivirine use during pregnancy remain scarce, and rilpivirine plasma concentrations are reduced during second/third trimesters, with a potential risk of viral breakthroughs. Thus, French guidelines recommend switching to rilpivirine-free combinations (RFCs) during pregnancy.ObjectivesTo describe the characteristics of women initiating pregnancy while on rilpivirine and to compare the outcomes for virologically suppressed subjects continuing rilpivirine until delivery versus switching to an RFC.MethodsIn the ANRS-EPF French Perinatal cohort, we included women on rilpivirine at conception in 2010–18. Pregnancy outcomes were compared between patients continuing versus interrupting rilpivirine. In women with documented viral suppression (<50 copies/mL) before 14 weeks of gestation (WG) while on rilpivirine, we compared the probability of viral rebound (≥50 copies/mL) during pregnancy between subjects continuing rilpivirine versus those switching to RFC.ResultsAmong 247 women included, 88.7% had viral suppression at the beginning of pregnancy. Overall, 184 women (74.5%) switched to an RFC (mostly PI/ritonavir-based regimens) at a median gestational age of 8.0 WG. Plasma HIV-1 RNA nearest delivery was <50 copies/mL in 95.6% of women. Among 69 women with documented viral suppression before 14 WG, the risk of viral rebound was higher when switching to RFCs than when continuing rilpivirine (20.0% versus 0.0%, P = 0.046). Delivery outcomes were similar between groups (overall birth defects, 3.8/100 live births; pregnancy losses, 2.0%; preterm deliveries, 10.6%). No HIV transmission occurred.ConclusionsIn virologically suppressed women initiating pregnancy, continuing rilpivirine was associated with better virological outcome than changing regimen. We did not observe a higher risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes