Fotointerpretación aplicada al estudio de la cuenca del Río Negro Provincia del Chaco : Cartografía

Fil: Popolizio, Eliseo. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Fil: Serra, Pilar Yolanda. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Fil: Foschiatti, Ana María. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Fil: Medina, Carmen A. G de. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Fil: Gaborov, Daniel R. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Fil: Leiva, Carlos A. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Fil: Bobadilla, Ramón A. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Facultad de Humanidades; Argentina.Este trabajo se realizó por convenio entre la Administración Provincial de Recursos Hídricos de la Provincia del Chaco y la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, firmado por el Agrimensor Orfilio Viganotti, en representación de la primera, y los Sres, Decanos de las Facultades de Ingeniería y Humanidades, Ing. Mario Bruno Natalini y Prof. Luis Ise, por la segunda.El trabajo se centra en tareas de fotointerpretación sobre el aspecto geomorfológico de la Cuenca del Río Negro a fin de reconocer formas del relieve que puedan a llegar a comportarse como condicionantes del escurrimiento, detectar también las unidades fisonómicas de la vegetación existente y su vinculación con la morfología y el escurrimiento. Establecer las características de la dinámica del escurrimiento

Fotointerpretación aplicada al estudio de la cuenca del Río Negro (Provincia del Chaco) : Cartografía

 Este trabajo se realizó por convenio entre la Administración Provincial de Recursos Hídricos de la Provincia del Chaco y la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, firmado por el Agrimensor Orfilio Viganotti, en representación de la primera, y los Sres, Decanos de las Facultades de Ingeniería y Humanidades, Ing. Mario Bruno Natalini y Prof. Luis Ise, por la segunda.El trabajo se centra en tareas de fotointerpretación sobre el aspecto geomorfológico de la Cuenca del Río Negro a fin de reconocer formas del relieve que puedan a llegar a comportarse como condicionantes del escurrimiento, detectar también las unidades fisonómicas de la vegetación existente y su vinculación con la morfología y el escurrimiento. Establecer las características de la dinámica del escurrimiento

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

IV Foro Internacional de Ganadería Sustentable: conectividad ecosistémica y articulación territorial hacia la Agenda 2030

En este espacio plural de análisis y reflexiones, buscamos articular conceptos y posibilidades para los territorios de montaña del centro de México, dando importancia a medios de vida vinculados a la ganadería y su interacción ecosistémica, fundamentado en innovaciones, casos de éxito e iniciativas emblemáticas nacionales e internacionales. La socialización de experiencias es uno de los pilares para transitar hacia la sostenibilidad de los sistemas productivos ganaderos: compartir logros e iniciativas, crear sinergias e identificar vulnerabilidades desde distintos enfoques.GIZ, Agencia de Cooperación Aleman

Distinct Transcriptional Profile of PDZ Genes after Activation of Human Macrophages and Dendritic Cells

The PDZ (PSD95, Dlg and ZO-1) genes encode proteins that primarily function as scaffolds of diverse signaling pathways. To date, 153 PDZ genes have been identified in the human genome, most of which have multiple protein isoforms widely studied in epithelial and neural cells. However, their expression and function in immune cells have been poorly studied. Herein, we aimed to assess the transcriptional profiles of 83 PDZ genes in human macrophages (M&#632;) and dendritic cells (DCs) and changes in their relative expression during cell PRR stimulation. Significantly distinct PDZ gene transcriptional profiles were identified under different stimulation conditions. Furthermore, a distinct PDZ gene transcriptional signature was found in M&#632; and DCs under the same phagocytic stimuli. Notably, more than 40 PDZ genes had significant changes in expression, with potentially relevant functions in antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Given that several PDZ proteins are targeted by viral products, our results support that many of these proteins might be viral targets in APCs as part of evasion mechanisms. Our results suggest a distinct requirement for PDZ scaffolds in M&#632; and DCs signaling pathways activation. More assessments on the functions of PDZ proteins in APCs and their role in immune evasion mechanisms are needed

Interaction of diet, host genetics and gut microbiota during the production cycle of gilthead sea bream

Resumen del trabajo presentado en Aquaculture Europe, celebrado en Rimini (Italia) del 27 al 30 de septiembre de 2022.[Introduction]: The AquaIMPACT H2020 EU project aims to integrate selective breeding and nutrition for producing more sustainable marine fish with a higher phenotypic plasticity to deal with environmental challenges. At this interplay between diet and genetics, gut microbiota emerge as a reliable criterion to assess the selection practices. However, the influence of the host genome on the composition and activity of gut microbiota is still scarcely investigated in gilthead sea bream (Piazzon et al., 2020). Thus, the aim of this study was to unravel the main effects of alternative diet formulations along the production cycle of gilthead sea bream selected for high growth (HG) compared to reference (REF) fish, establishing correlations between intestinal gene expression and gut microbiota abundance.[Methods]: HG and REF gilthead sea bream were fed CTRL (15% FM; 6-8% FO) and FUTURE (7.5% FM; 12% poultry sub-products and 3% DHA-rich algae oil) diets during 12 months at the experimental facilities of ECOAQUA, at ULPGC, under natural photoperiod and temperature conditions. Initial (t0; Nov-19; 10 g body weight; 18 fish), intermediate (Jul-20; t1; 200 g; 36 fish) and final (Nov-20; t2; 350 g; 40 fish) sampling points were established to assess the dynamics of anterior intestine (AI) mucosal adherent microbiota composition across the production cycle. As the most prominent differences in gut microbiota among groups were found in t1, fish of this sampling point were selected for RNA-sequencing. V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA of each sample was amplified and sequenced by Illumina MiSeq, and taxonomy was assigned using the RDP database. RNA-seq libraries were sequenced by Illumina NovaSeq6000. Good-quality reads were mapped against CSIC gilthead sea bream genome and differential expressed transcripts (DET) were retrieved using DESeq2 (FDR 1% in at least one of the three sampling times). A validated PLS-DA (Figure 1A) rendered the separation of the three experimental time points. The FUTURE diet induced a shift in the gut microbiota composition of REF fish, validated by PLS-DA, but not in HG fish. The influence of the genetic background was already evidenced at t0, when discriminant analyses separated HG from REF fish. The magnitude of this separation and the number of discriminant taxa persisted along time, but progressively decreased in t1 and t2 in fish were fed CTRL diet. By contrast, HG and REF fish microbiota was not distinguished when fed the FUTURE diet. In t1, RNA-seq mapped reads were associated to 41,582 AI transcripts, with 1,429 DET (1,218 unique descriptions). Group comparisons displayed 1,057 and 459 DET differentially regulated between HG-CTRL and REF-CTRL fish, and between HG-FUTURE and HG-CTRL, respectively. A total of 1,025 significant associations were established between the abundance of 96 OTUs and the expression of 476 DET. A total of 35 correlations between 20 abundant (>1%) OTUs and 25 DET were stablished (Figure 1B). The 60% of the correlated OTUs were associated to DET related with immune system, with a clear presence of Bacilli linked to anti-inflammatory responses. The microbiota-independent list of DET (953) showed the over-representation of transcripts involved in β-oxidative processes of very long chain fatty acids (up-regulated in HG-CTRL) and smooth muscle contraction (upregulated in HG-FUTURE).[Conclusions]: These results highlight the plasticity of gilthead sea bream gut microbiota along its production cycle, showing the effects of size and season. As in previous studies (Naya-Català et al., 2022), the genetic background strongly influenced the gut microbial composition and the intestinal response of this species, as selected fish exhibited a more plastic microbiota and more changes at the transcriptomic level, when facing dietary changes. Genes related with cell membrane fluency were up-regulated in HG-CTRL fish, whereas FUTURE diet boosted genes involved in intestinal motility in both fish groups. Correlation studies denoted the close link between immune system genes and the intestinal microbiota. Altogether, these results show how diet and genetics can affect the microbiota and the digestive process, and highlight that certain taxa could be interacting with the gilthead sea bream transcriptome.AquaIMPACT (H2020; #818367). RYC2018-024049-I & ESF.Peer reviewe

The genetic background drives the reshape of gut microbiome by feed additives in farmed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

Resumen del trabajo presentado en 6th International Symposium on Genomics in Aquaculture, celebrado en Granada (España) del 04 al 06 de mayo de 2022.The use of feed additives has expanded rapidly as an alternative for antibiotics and chemotherapeutics, with also the capacity to modify the composition of gut microbiota. In farmed fish, and in gilthead sea bream in particular, there is evidence that the host genetic background has a major impact on gut microbiota. Thus, families selected for fast growth have a more flexible microbiota capable of exerting a wider nutritionallymediated response with less microbial community changes. However, nutrition and genetic interactions remain poorly explored in fish, and the aim of this study was to unravel how the microbiota of fish selected (GS) and unselected (NGS) for growth is differentially regulated by oil-coated feed additives. The basal diet (CTRL, no feed additives) was a low fish meal/fish containing algae oil, poultry by-products, and plant ingredients. Experimental diets were oil-coated with the additives: organic acids (OA), Bacillus-species probiotics (PROB), or natural plant extracts (PHYTO). Fish were fed to visual satiety with the CTRL diet during two weeks. After this adaptation period, the different supplemented diets were used with a high additive dose (7.5-10 g/kg) during 2 weeks, decreasing thereafter to 2-5 g/kg until the end of the trial (97 days). Then, adherent microbiota was obtained from the anterior intestine. Illumina sequencing of microbiota yielded a mean of 62,594 reads per sample, which were assigned to 1,156 OTUs at 97% identity threshold. A significant lower richness and diversity was found in the GS fish, which was mainly evidenced by a higher abundance of Actinobacteria in GS-PROB. To study in more detail the observed differences on gut microbial populations, supervised partial least-squares discriminant analyses (PLS-DA) were used. When all populations were analysed as a whole (GS vs NGS), dispersal was markedly lower in GS fish. This pattern was further evidenced for fish fed the CTRL, PROB and OA diets but not for the PHYTO additive, explaining the statistically validated PLS-DA models more than 80% of the total variance. This genetically-guided group differentiation was driven by a total of 104 OTUs. Regarding diet and genetic interactions: i) no effect was detected with the PHYTO additive, ii) the OA reshaped the gut microbiota in NGS with a decrease of Photobacterium damselae sp. and an increase of Paracoccus and Acinetobacter genera, and iii) the PROB diet modified the gut microbiota of both GS and NGS fish, with a higher abundance of Kocuria and Bacillus genera, which reflected the establishment of the probiotic bacteria in the mucosal adherent surface, favouring long-term health promoting probiotic effects.AquaIMPACT (H2020 #818367), RYC2018-024049-I & ES

Genetics and nutrition drive the gut microbiota succession and host-transcriptome interactions through the gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) production cycle

Fish genetically selected for growth (GS) and reference (REF) fish were fed with CTRL (15% FM, 5–7% FO) or FUTURE (7.5% FM, 10% poultry meal, 2.2% poultry oil + 2.5% DHA-algae oil) diets during a 12-months production cycle. Samples from initial (t0; November 2019), intermediate (t1; July 2020) and final (t2; November 2020) sampling points were used for Illumina 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing of the adherent microbiota of anterior intestine (AI). Samples from the same individuals (t1) were also used for the gene expression profiling of AI by RNA-seq, and subsequent correlation analyses with microbiota abundances. Discriminant analyses indicated the gut bacterial succession along the production cycle with the proliferation of some valuable taxa for facing seasonality and different developmental stages. An effect of genetic background was evidenced along time, decreasing through the progression of the trial, namely the gut microbiota of GS fish was less influenced by changes in diet composition. At the same time, these fish showed wider transcriptomic landmarks in the AI to cope with these changes. Our results highlighted an enhanced intestinal sphingolipid and phospholipid metabolism, epithelial turnover and intestinal motility in GS fish, which would favour their improved performance despite the lack of association with changes in gut microbiota composition. Furthermore, in GS fish, correlation analyses supported the involvement of different taxa with the down-regulated expression of pro-inflammatory markers and the boosting of markers of extracellular remodelling and response to bacterium. Altogether, these findings support the combined action of the gut microbiome and host transcriptionally mediated effects to preserve and improve gut health and function in a scenario of different growth performance and potentiality.This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 818367; AquaIMPACT—Genomic and nutritional innovations for genetically superior farmed fish to improve efficiency in European aquaculture. This publication reflects only the authors’ views and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained herein. Additional funding was obtained from the Spanish Projects Bream-AquaINTECH: From Nutrition and Genetics to Sea Bream Aquaculture Intensification and Technological Innovation (RTI2018-094128-B-I00, AEI/FEDER, UE). MCP was funded by a Ramón y Cajal Postdoctoral Research Fellowship (RYC2018-024049-I co-funded by AEI, European Social Fund (ESF) and ACOND/2022 Generalitat Valenciana)