Adatok az ipari keményítőszörpök és cukrok összetételéről, különös tekintettel a dextrin-maltoz-glükoz arányra II.

Aus den Ergebnissen ausführlicher Phasenprüfungen der Stärkesyrupfabrikation, insbesondere der Analyse von chromatographischen Untersuchungen geht hervor, dass die erfolgreiche grossindustrielle Technologie der Stärkesyrupe vor allem durch entsprechende Änderung der Säurekonzentration und des Konverterdruckes verwirklicht werden kann. Bei einem Drucke von nicht über 2 Atm. und einer Säurekonzentration von 0,15% wird bei vollkommenem Abbau der Stärke verhältnismässig wenig reduzierender Zucker gebildet, während die Menge der Oligosaccharide und Dextrine sich befriedigend gestaltet. The results of researches into the particular phases of the manufacture of starch syrups, further the analytical data of chromatographic investigations proved that the proper large-scale production of starch syrups may be controlled mainly by the adequate adjustment of the acid concentration and of the pressure in the converter. Namely, at a pressure not exceeding 2 atmospheres and at an acid concentration of 0,15%, under a complete decomposition of starch, relatively small amounts of reducing sugars form whereas a satisfactory quantity of oligosaccharides and dextrines is produced. Par les résultats de l’analyse des phases de la fabrication des sirops de fécule, et particulierement par ceux de l’analyse des examinations chromatographiques, on parvient ä la conclusion que, dans la grosse industrie de sirops de fécule, la technologie juste peut étre réalisée, en premier lieu, par la modification appropriée de la concentration de l’acide et de la pression dans le converteur. A une surpression de moins de 2 atmospheres et ä une concentration de l’acide de 0,15%, se forme, outre la décomposition entiere du fécule, une proportionnellement faible quantité de sucre réduisant, tandis que la quantité des oligosacharides et des dextrines sóit süffisante

Promoting an Enabling Environnement for Agrobiodiversity in Europe.

Since the 1970s Europe has approached plant genetic resources for food and agri-culture (PGRFA) as a specific domain defining its boundaries with the word “conservation”. At the beginning the focus was on ex situ conservation, i.e. genebanks conserving seeds in their storage systems. And then little by little the focus moved also to in situ/on farm conservation, i.e. conserving PGRFA where they have evolved and therefore also in farmers’ fields. But the pivotal word was always “conservation”, with procedures, rules, wording and policies mainly defined by the scientific community. Thus, the conservation of PGRFA was separated from agriculture as such, resulting in two distinct policy fields with few, if any, interrelations. This may be a reason why it took 10 years of negotiations of the directive on conservation varieties to have finally a legal text considering that seed laws should be amended in order to include more diversity. This booklet presents the recommendations for promoting an enabling environment for Community Agrobiodiversity Management in Europe, considering again diversity at all the levels (e.g. varieties, species, ecosystems, landscapes and men) as a key component of farming systems. This diversity - called agrobiodiversity and including also social and cultural diversities - plays a central role for achieving the sustainable use of PGRFA and for adapting our food systems facing climate change and new societal expectations

Studia Litteraria

Dobos István: Performativitás a XX. századi magyar regényben (A narratív előadás. Jelentő testek) p. 7-18. Törő Norbert: „Talán elvesztem valahol ezen a tájon…?” (A rögzíthetetlenségben/bizonytalanságban megalkotott én modellje Krúdy Gyula N. N.-jében) p. 19-36. Bartha Ákos: „Az autoritás mankói” (Kísérlet Nagy Lajos Kiskunhalom című művének antropológiai olvasatára) p. 36-65. Baranyai Norbert: Móricz Zsigmond zsoltárai a Nyugatban p. 65-76. Szirák Péter: Elmozgó határok (Szabó Lőrinc és Németh László romániai utazása) p. 76-85. Bertha Zoltán: „A szép mindig korszerű” (Dsida Jenő kritikai nézeteiről) p. 85-102. Lapis József: Fény, való, varázs (A szó hatalma a két világháború közötti lírában) p. 102-112. Takács Miklós: Trauma és irodalom viszonya Cseres Tibor Hideg napok című regényében p. 112-119. Márkus Béla: Talányos regény, regénytalány (Szilágyi István: Agancsbozót) p. 119-128. Pócsik Anett: A női szólam lehetőségei Polcz Alaine Egész lényeddel című önéletírásában és Mészöly Miklós Az atléta halála című regényébenv p.128-139. Keczán Mariann : Lapok egy főszerkesztő életéből p. 139-160. Áfra János: A szakralitás módozatai a kocsma terében (Bukta Imre kocsmaképeinek, Krasznahorkai László és Tarr Béla Sátántangójának intermediális vizsgálata) p.160-187

The effects of acute and elective cardiac surgery on the anxiety traits of patients with Marfan syndrome

BACKGROUND: Marfan syndrome is a genetic disease, presenting with dysfunction of connective tissues leading to lesions in the cardiovascular and skeletal muscle system. Within these symptoms, the most typical is weakness of the connective tissue in the aorta, manifesting as aortic dilatation (aneurysm). This could, in turn, become annuloaortic ectasia, or life-threatening dissection. As a result, life-saving and preventative cardiac surgical interventions are frequent among Marfan syndrome patients. Aortic aneurysm could turn into annuloaortic ectasia or life-threatening dissection, thus life-saving and preventive cardiac surgical interventions are frequent among patients with Marfan syndrome. We hypothesized that patients with Marfan syndrome have different level of anxiety, depression and satisfaction with life compared to that of the non-clinical patient population. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with Marfan syndrome were divided into 3 groups: those scheduled for prophylactic surgery, those needing acute surgery, and those without need for surgery (n = 9, 19, 17, respectively). To examine the psychological features of the patients, Spielberger's anxiety (STAI) test, Beck's Depression questionnaire (BDI), the Berne Questionnaire of Subjective Well-being, and the Satisfaction with Life scale were applied. RESULTS: A significant difference was found in trait anxiety between healthy individuals and patients with Marfan syndrome after acute life-saving surgery (p 0.1). Finally, a significant, medium size effect was found between patient groups on the Joy in Living scale (F (2.39) = 3.51, p = 0.040, eta2 = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS: Involving psychiatric and mental-health care, in addition to existing surgical treatment interventions, is essential for more successful recovery of patients with Marfan syndrome

Conservation biology research priorities for 2050: A Central-Eastern European perspective

One of the main goals of the EU Biodiversity Strategy for 2030 is to avoid further loss of biodiversity and to restore ecosystems. These efforts can be facilitated by compiling the main research topics related to conservation biology to provide new evidence for the most urgent knowledge gaps, and publicise it to researchers, research funders and policy makers. We used the possible future statements from the Hungarian Environmental Foresight Report for 2050 which identified region-specific problems. To highlight likely future environmental and conservation questions, in this study we asked researchers from the fields of ecology and conservation to define research questions addressing these future statements in line with international research trends and challenges. The study resulted in fourteen priority research topics, split into seven clusters relevant to biological conservation that should be targeted by stakeholders, primarily policy makers and funders to focus research capacity to these topics. The main overarching themes identified here include a wide range of approaches and solutions such as innovative technologies, involvement of local stakeholders and citizen scientists, legislation, and issues related to human health. These indicate that solutions to conservation challenges require a multidisciplinary approach in design and a multi-actor approach in implementation. Although the identified research priorities were listed for Hungary, they are in line with European and global biodiversity strategies, and can be tailored to suit other Central and Eastern European countries as well. We believe that our prioritisation can help science–policy discussion, and will eventually contribute to healthy and well-functioning ecosystems

GrassPlot - a database of multi-scale plant diversity in Palaearctic grasslands

GrassPlot is a collaborative vegetation-plot database organised by the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) and listed in the Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD ID EU-00-003). GrassPlot collects plot records (releves) from grasslands and other open habitats of the Palaearctic biogeographic realm. It focuses on precisely delimited plots of eight standard grain sizes (0.0001; 0.001;... 1,000 m(2)) and on nested-plot series with at least four different grain sizes. The usage of GrassPlot is regulated through Bylaws that intend to balance the interests of data contributors and data users. The current version (v. 1.00) contains data for approximately 170,000 plots of different sizes and 2,800 nested-plot series. The key components are richness data and metadata. However, most included datasets also encompass compositional data. About 14,000 plots have near-complete records of terricolous bryophytes and lichens in addition to vascular plants. At present, GrassPlot contains data from 36 countries throughout the Palaearctic, spread across elevational gradients and major grassland types. GrassPlot with its multi-scale and multi-taxon focus complements the larger international vegetationplot databases, such as the European Vegetation Archive (EVA) and the global database " sPlot". Its main aim is to facilitate studies on the scale-and taxon-dependency of biodiversity patterns and drivers along macroecological gradients. GrassPlot is a dynamic database and will expand through new data collection coordinated by the elected Governing Board. We invite researchers with suitable data to join GrassPlot. Researchers with project ideas addressable with GrassPlot data are welcome to submit proposals to the Governing Board