Propuestas para una reforma laboral democrática

Este trabajo, presenta trece propuestas complementarias sobre los temas centrales de la reforma laboral: la contracción individual y colectiva, con si variable de "subcontratación"; la transparencia con la proposición concreta de creación del registro nacional de contratos y sindicatos; los salarios y la jornada laboral, temas clave en el proyecto de país de la izquierda democrátic

A Novel Semi-Supervised Methodology for Extracting Tumor Type-Specific MRS Sources in Human Brain Data

BackgroundThe clinical investigation of human brain tumors often starts with a non-invasive imaging study, providing information about the tumor extent and location, but little insight into the biochemistry of the analyzed tissue. Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy can complement imaging by supplying a metabolic fingerprint of the tissue. This study analyzes single-voxel magnetic resonance spectra, which represent signal information in the frequency domain. Given that a single voxel may contain a heterogeneous mix of tissues, signal source identification is a relevant challenge for the problem of tumor type classification from the spectroscopic signal.Methodology/Principal FindingsNon-negative matrix factorization techniques have recently shown their potential for the identification of meaningful sources from brain tissue spectroscopy data. In this study, we use a convex variant of these methods that is capable of handling negatively-valued data and generating sources that can be interpreted as tumor class prototypes. A novel approach to convex non-negative matrix factorization is proposed, in which prior knowledge about class information is utilized in model optimization. Class-specific information is integrated into this semi-supervised process by setting the metric of a latent variable space where the matrix factorization is carried out. The reported experimental study comprises 196 cases from different tumor types drawn from two international, multi-center databases. The results indicate that the proposed approach outperforms a purely unsupervised process by achieving near perfect correlation of the extracted sources with the mean spectra of the tumor types. It also improves tissue type classification.Conclusions/SignificanceWe show that source extraction by unsupervised matrix factorization benefits from the integration of the available class information, so operating in a semi-supervised learning manner, for discriminative source identification and brain tumor labeling from single-voxel spectroscopy data. We are confident that the proposed methodology has wider applicability for biomedical signal processing

Os registros conventuais como fonte para a história econômica: Aproximações metodológicas a partir do caso de Santa Fé (Argentina), 1700-1850

Objetivo/contexto: El artículo pone el foco en una problemática común a la historia económica de América Latina preestadística: la carestía de fuentes y las dificultades metodológicas para estudiar la evolución de los niveles de vida en el largo plazo. Metodología: Se parte para ello de un estudio de caso, la ciudad de Santa Fe, un enclave comercial del Río de la Plata tardocolonial, donde se asentaron cuatro órdenes religiosas desde el siglo XVII. Se exponen series seculares (1700-1850) de precios de dos alimentos básicos (yerba mate y azúcar), elaboradas a partir de libros contables de conventos, con la intención de demostrar las ventajas y las dificultades que presenta esta fuente para el estudio de los hábitos de consumo, la evolución de los precios de los alimentos y de las condiciones de vida en determinados ámbitos urbanos de la época colonial. La presentación incluye comparaciones de los precios en distintos conventos a lo largo del período, y se discuten específicamente las dificultades para la construcción de índices ponderados. Originalidad: Si bien se trata de una fuente ampliamente utilizada por la literatura académica que analizó el período, nunca se habían realizado comparaciones específicas entre las contabilidades de las distintas órdenes religiosas, en particular para una ciudad periférica del Virreinato del Río de la Plata. Conclusiones: Los resultados obtenidos no sólo muestran la utilidad de la fuente, sino también evidencian las dificultades que existen para la construcción de series que permitan analizar niveles de vida en el largo plazo. Alertan en este sentido sobre la necesidad de estudiar detalladamente las particularidades de cada caso antes de realizar grandes comparaciones internacionales.Objective/context: This article focuses on a problem common to the pre-statistical economic history of Latin America: the scarcity of sources and the methodological difficulties in studying the evolution of standards of living over time. Methodology: We begin with a case study done on the city of Santa Fe, a commercial enclave of the late-colonial Río de la Plata, where four religious orders had settled since the 17th century. Long-term records (1700-1850) from accounting books of convents, which included prices of two basic foodstuffs (yerba mate and sugar), are shown in order to demonstrate the advantages and difficulties of using this source in studying habits of consumption, the evolution of food prices and living conditions in certain urban areas of the colonial era. The exposition includes comparisons of the prices in different convents throughout the period, and specifically discusses the challenges in constructing the weighted indexes. Originality: Although these records are widely used by the academic literature analyzing this period, no specific comparisons had been made between the accounts of the different religious orders, particularly for a peripheral city of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata. Conclusions: The final results show not only the usefulness of the source, but also the difficulties in constructing long run series to analyze living standards. Specific and detailed case studies are useful tools in order to improve broad international comparisons.Objetivo/contexto: O artigo coloca o foco numa problemática comum à história econômica da América Latina do período pré-estatístico: a falta de fontes e as dificuldades metodológicas para estudar a evolução dos níveis de vida a longo prazo. Metodologia: Para isso, parte-se de um estudo de caso: a cidade de Santa Fé, uma estratégica praça comercial do Rio da Prata no período colonial tardio, onde desde o século XVII se instalaram quatro ordens religiosas desde o século XVII. Apresentam-se séries seculares (1700-1850) de preços de dois alimentos básicos (erva-mate e açúcar), elaboradas a partir de livros contábeis de conventos, com a intenção de demonstrar as vantagens e as dificuldades que essa fonte apresenta para o estudo dos hábitos de consumo, da evolução dos preços dos alimentos e das condições de vida em determinados âmbitos urbanos da época colonial. O estudo inclui comparações dos preços em diferentes conventos ao longo do período e analisa vários quesitos que devem ser atendidos na construção de índices ponderados. Originalidade: Apesar de ser uma fonte amplamente utilizada pela literatura acadêmica que analisou o período, nunca foram realizadas comparações específicas entre as contabilidades das diferentes ordens religiosas, em particular para uma cidade periférica do Vice-reinado do Rio da Prata. Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos não somente mostram a utilidade da fonte, mas também evidenciam as dificuldades que existem para a construção de séries que permitam analisar níveis de vida a longo prazo. Alertam, nesse sentido, sobre a necessidade de estudar detalhadamente as peculiaridades de cada caso antes de realizar grandes comparações internacionais.Fil: Djenderedjian, Julio Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana "Dr. Emilio Ravignani". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana "Dr. Emilio Ravignani"; ArgentinaFil: Frid, Carina Laura. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Martiren, Juan Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Saavedra 15. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana "Dr. Emilio Ravignani". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras. Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana "Dr. Emilio Ravignani"; Argentin

Ahora / Ara

La cinquena edició del microrelatari per l’eradicació de la violència contra les dones de l’Institut Universitari d’Estudis Feministes i de Gènere «Purificación Escribano» de la Universitat Jaume I vol ser una declaració d’esperança. Aquest és el moment en el qual les dones (i els homes) hem de fer un pas endavant i eliminar la violència sistèmica contra les dones. Ara és el moment de denunciar el masclisme i els micromasclismes començant a construir una societat més igualitària. Cadascun dels relats del llibre és una denúncia i una declaració que ens encamina cap a un món millor

SPIE, Remote Sensing Technologies and Applications in Urban Environments

Producción CientíficaDespite the efforts of the authorities, that promote the use of alternative transportation systems, the traffic still increases in European cities, leading not only to traffic jams but also to pollution episodes. Delivery vehicles are part of both problems, because of their intensive use, the advent of e-commerce, the limited number and sizes of loading and unloading areas in many ancient European cities, and the difficulties associated to keep track of the correct use of these spaces. In this work we propose an holistic solution to the management of delivery vehicles in urban environments. Our solution, called RYDER, is based on the use of BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) devices that should be provided by the local authority to delivery vehicles, as part of their authorization to use the loading and unloading areas. With the help of low-cost, low-power antennas with Bluetooth and 4G capabilities installed next to each loading/unloading area, the authorities are able to know in real time (a) the use of these areas by delivery vehicles, (b) the paths of the vehicles while they travel across the city, (c) the time spent in each area by each one of them, and (d) with the help of a mobile/tablet App, the local Police can check in seconds the permissions of each vehicle using these public spaces. Moreover, the use of a GIS-based platform allows the Traffic Department to track online each particular vehicle, based on the loading/unloading spaces being used, and to infer the most representative paths they follow, an information that may guide the decision about where these spaces are really necessary and whether each particular vehicle follows their associated usage rules. The deployment of RYDER low-cost antennas can also serve for other purposes, such as to track the routes followed by public loan bicycles, or by other fleets of public vehicles. With the help of low-cost sensors, antennas can also return an estimation of pollution values, such as levels of ozone, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrous oxide, among others. This information may in turn drive the installation of certified pollution detectors.This research has been partially supported by MICINN (Spain) and ERDF program of the European Union:HomProg-HetSys project (TIN2014-58876-P), CAPAP-H6 Network (TIN2016-81840-RED), and COST ProgramAction IC1305: Network for Sustainable Ultrascale Computing (NESUS

Children as trainers on children’s rights. Our Toolbox. (ImCitizen)

IMCITIZEN (CERV-2022-CHILD)Podeu consultar la versió en castellà a recurs relacionatDear reader, what follows is a small guide that aims to provide you with tools to use to teach other children about children’s rights and how to organise yourselves to participate actively in the public life of your town or city.This material arises as part of a long process carried out by children between 10 and 12 years of age from eleven schools in six autonomous communities in Spain, who were experimenting with interesting and effective ways of raising awareness of children’s rights among their schoolmates, who were themselves co-designers of the tools as well as protagonists of the experiences presented here. A total of 140 children were involved in education campaigns in their schools. We hope that they will be useful for you to be able to start and lead participation processes together with other boys and girls.All this work is part of a pioneering project in Europe, which aims to expand the possibilities for children to know their rights well, to be their own advocates and disseminators, to participate in the decision- making processes of public life in the places where they live (at local, regional, national and European level) and to design and lead participatory processes. The project we are talking about is called IMCITIZEN (“I AM A CITIZEN”).Funded by the European Union’s Rights, Equality and Citizenship Programme under the call CERV-2022-CHILD. The contents represent the views of the author only and is his/her sole responsibility. The European Commission does not accept any responsibility for use that may be made of the information it contains

Niñas y niños como formadores en derechos de la infancia. Nuestra caja de herramientas. (ImCitizen)

IMCITIZEN (CERV-2022-CHILD)Estimado/a lector/a, tienes en tus manos una pequeña guía que pretende mostrarte herramientas con las que puedes enseñar a otros niños y niñas cuales son los Derechos de la Infancia y cómo organizaros para participar activamente en la vida pública de vuestro pueblo o ciudad.Este material forma parte de un largo proceso protagonizado por niños y niñas de entre 10 y 12 años de edad de once colegios de seis comunidades autónomas de España, que estuvieron experimentando maneras atractivas y eficaces de dar a conocer los Derechos de la Infancia a sus compañeros y compañeras de escuela, siendo ellos y ellas mismas co-diseñadores/as de las herramientas además de protagonistas de las experiencias que aquí os presentamos Un total de 140 niños y niñas fueron protagonistas de campañas de formación en sus escuelas. Esperamos que sean realmente útiles para que vosotros y vosotras podáis poner en marcha y protagonizar procesos de participación junto a otros chicos y chicas...Todo este trabajo forma parte de un proyecto pionero en Europa, que se propone incrementar las posibilidades de los niños y niñas para que conozcan bien sus derechos, sean sus defensores/as y divulgadores/ as, participen en los procesos de toma de decisiones de vida pública de los lugares donde viven (a nivel local, regional, nacional y europeo) y diseñen y protagonicen procesos participativos. El proyecto del que hablamos tiene por nombre IMCITIZEN (que viene a significar “soy ciudadano/a”).Funded by the European Union’s Rights, Equality and Citizenship Programme under the call CERV-2022-CHILD. The contents represent the views of the author only and is his/her sole responsibility. The European Commission does not accept any responsibility for use that may be made of the information it contains

Teaching methodologies applied to the International Network of University Entrepreneurship Project Laboratories

El emprendimiento como disciplina científica se asienta sobre dos pilares fundamentales: la transversalidad y la internacionalización. Son estos los que requieren una planificación para la aplicación de metodologías que fortalezcan el emprendimiento.Entrepreneurship as a scientific discipline is based on two fundamental pillars: transversality and internationalisation. transversality and internationalisation. It is these that require planning for the application of methodologies application of methodologies that strengthen entrepreneurship.Fac. de Ciencias Económicas y EmpresarialesFALSEunpu