Application of stem cells and adipose-derived stem cell exosomes on dermal wound healing

The skin is the largest organ in the human body and plays a significant role in protecting the body from external threats, containing tissues that sustain the body's homeostasis. Wound healing in the skin is a complex process involving the interaction of various cell types in the target tissue, including but not limited to cytokines and growth factors. In extreme cases, disorders of the cardiorespiratory system, such as chronic diseases, may prevent the process of wound healing entirely. Numerous studies have been conducted to discover methods to restore the ability of chronic wounds to cure themselves, but this remains one of the most significant medical problems. Exosomes derived from stem cells have been extensively proposed as a treatment for dermal wound recovery. Different types of stem cells have varying therapeutic potential. Exosomes, a component of paracrine, have the function of enhancing the effectiveness of stem cells. This article discusses the wound healing process as well as the mechanism of stem cell and adipose-derived exosome therapy on cutaneous wound healing and its clinical applications

On the Basic Affective Dimensions of Japanese Onomatopoeia and the Basic Level of Japanese Phonesthemes

音感素は、音素と形態素の間のレベルに位置する、音象徴における基本単位である。英語やスウェーデン語などにおいては、二子音、あるいは三子音からなる多くの音感素の例が報告されている(Hinton, Nichols and Ohala, 1994; Abelin, 1999)。日本語は、二子音、三子音からなる音のパターンを欠いているので、そのような音感素も存在しない。Hamano(1998)は、日本語における各子音と各母音を音感素に設定し、日本語におけるオノマトペを組織的に分析している。Hamanoの分析は大変興味深いが、音感素と感性的意味の選択は分析者の直感によっている。この予備的研究で我々は、こうした基本問題に関する経験的な証拠を提供し、これを日本語における音象徴全般の問題に関連づけることを試みる。1)60のオノマトペが用いられた。オノマトペはすべてCIVIC2V2形式で、意味は感情に関連するものだった。12人の被験者がこれらのオノマトペを24の形容詞対により評定した。形容詞対24次元空間における60のオノマトペ間の距離行列がMDSにより分析された。2次元解が採用された。第1次元は明るさと、第2次元は硬さと最も高い相関を示した。2)157の日本語の拍が用いられた。99名の被験者がこれらの拍の明るさを、100名の被験者がこれらの拍の硬さを評定した。67の拍の評定平均値がカテゴリー回帰分析によって分析された。従属変数は明るさと硬さであった。独立変数は子音と母音だった。重相関係数は、明るさと硬さともにほぼ1であった。拍への影響は、明るさと硬さともに子音の方が大きかった。Phonesthemes are the basic unit in sound symbolism, which lies between phonemes and morphemes. In English or Swedish, there are many phonesthemes that consist of two or three consonants (Hinton, Nichols and Ohala, 1994; Abelin, 1999). Japanese does not have such phonesthemes, because it lacks such sound patterns. Hamano (1998) set each Japanese consonant and vowel as a phonestheme and analyzed Japanese onomatopoeia systematically. Her analysis is interesting, yet the selection of phonesthemes and the affective meaning depends on her intuition. In this preliminary study we tried to provide empirical evidence concerning these basic problems and relate these results to the sound symbolism of Japanese in general. 1) 60 onomatopoeia were used. All onomatopoeia were C1V1C2V2 type and related to emotion. 12 subjects rated these onomatopoeia with 24 adjective pairs. Distances among the 60 onomatopoeia in 24 dimensional adjective space were analyzed by MDS. 2 dimensions were adopted. The 1st dimension had the highest correlation with brightness, and the 2nd dimension had the highest correlation with hardness. 2) 157 Japanese morae were used. 99 subjects rated the brightness of these morae and 100 subjects rated the hardness of these morae. Average ratings were analyzed by categorical multiple regression analysis. Dependent variables were averaged brightness or hardness. Independent variables were consonants and vowels. The multiple correlation coefficients for both brightness and hardness were near 1. Consonants had bigger effects on morae than vowels.感情科学の展

Luminescence and optical properties of relaxor ferroelectrics

The optical absorption spectrum, luminescence and photoconductivity on single crystals PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 and on ceramics Pb0.91La0.09(Zr0.65Ti0.35)O 3 are investigated in the wide temperature range. The luminescence spectrum correlates with the photoconductivity spectrum. The position of the maximum of the luminescent emission spectrum indicates the origin of the charge carriers emitted from the defect centers. On the basis of the data the properties of the local centers are determined, and the phenomenological approach to the relaxor theory is discussed

An anatomy of Turkish football match-fixing

While discussion on corruption in sport is intensifying and football match-fixing in particular is attracting increasing attention, new fixing scandals emerge offering new accounts of actors and corrupt practices within the football industry and the level of the external threat to the sport. The scandal exposure of fixed matches in Turkey in 2011 sheds light on the fixing of 17 matches played in the 2010/11 football season and allowed for insights to the actors, structure and processes behind the fix. Following four criminal and seven disciplinary proceedings, the case is still pending appeal for its final decision, involving a total of 93 suspects and having already resulted in the exclusion of two teams from European competitions. The evidence collected by the authorities points towards a hierarchical criminal organisation led by the President of a football club that arranged and coordinated the fixing in order for his team to win the national Championship. The aim of this article is to provide an account of the organisation and coordination of match-fixing in Turkey, with its actors, specifics and criminal characteristics, while offering an examination of match-fixing for sporting success, the least documented type of match-fixing

Elaia, Pergamon's maritime satellite:The rise and fall of an ancient harbour city shaped by shoreline migration

Throughout human history, communication and trade have been key to society. Because maritime trade facilitated the rapid transportation of passengers and freight at relatively low cost, harbours became hubs for traffic, trade and exchange. This general statement holds true for the Pergamenian kingdom, which ruled wide parts of today's western Turkey during Hellenistic times. Its harbour, located at the city of Elaia on the eastern Aegean shore, was used extensively for commercial and military purposes. This study reconstructs the coastal evolution in and around the ancient harbour of Elaia and compares the observed environmental modifications with archaeological and historical findings. We use micropalaeontological, sedimentological and geochemical proxies to reconstruct the palaeoenvironmental dynamics and evolution of the ancient harbour. The geoarchaeological results confirm the archaeological and historical evidence for Elaia's primacy during Hellenistic and early Roman times, and the city's gradual decline during the late Roman period. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that Elaia holds a unique position as a harbour city during ancient times in the eastern Aegean region, because it was not greatly influenced by the high sediment supply associated with river deltas. Consequently, no dredging of the harbour basins is documented, creating exceptional geo-bioarchives for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions

Slaughter weight rather than sex affects carcass cuts and tissue composition of Bisaro pigs

Carcass cuts and tissue composition were assessed in Bisaro pigs (n=64) from two sexes (31 gilts and 33 entire males) reared until three target slaughter body-weights (BW) means: 17 kg, 32 kg, and 79 kg. Dressing percentage and backfat thickness increased whereas carcass shrinkage decreased with increasing BW. Slaughter weight affected most of the carcass cut proportions, except shoulder and thoracic regions. Bone proportion decreased linearly with increasing slaughter BW, while intermuscular and subcutaneous adipose tissue depots increased concomitantly. Slaughter weight increased the subcutaneous adipose tissue proportion but this impaired intramuscular and intermuscular adipose tissues in the loin primal. The sex of the pigs minimally affected the carcass composition, as only the belly weight and the subcutaneous adipose tissue proportions were greater in gilts than in entire males. Light pigs regardless of sex are recommended to balance the trade-offs between carcass cuts and their non-edible compositional outcomes.Work included in the Portuguese PRODER research Project BISOPORC – Pork extensive production of Bísara breed, in two alternative systems: fattening on concentrate vs chesnut, Project PRODER SI I&DT Medida 4.1 “Cooperação para a Inovação”. The authors are grateful to Laboratory of Carcass and Meat Quality of Agriculture School of Polytechnic Institute of Bragança ‘Cantinho do Alfredo’. The authors are members of the MARCARNE network, funded by CYTED (ref. 116RT0503).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Long-term culture of pluripotent stem-cell-derived human neurons on diamond – a substrate for neurodegeneration research and therapy

Brain Computer Interfaces (BCI) currently represent a field of intense research aimed both at understanding neural circuit physiology and at providing functional therapy for traumatic or degenerative neurological conditions. Due to its chemical inertness, biocompatibility and stability, diamond is currently being actively investigated as a potential substrate material for culturing cells and for use as the electrically active component of a neural sensor. Here we provide a protocol for the differentiation of mature, electrically active neurons on microcrystalline synthetic thin-film diamond substrates starting from undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells. Furthermore, we investigate the optimal characteristics of the diamond microstructure for long-term neuronal sustainability. We also analyze the effect of boron as a dopant for such a culture. We found that the diamond crystalline structure has a significant influence on the neuronal culture unlike the boron doping. Specifically, small diamond microcrystals promote higher neurite density formation. We find that boron incorporated into the diamond does not influence the neurite density and has no deleterious effect on cell survival

Surgical Excision of Postintubation Granuloma Under Jet Ventilation

Following the use of an endotracheal or tracheostomy tube, circumferential lesions, stenosis, or granulomatous lesions at the cuff level or tip of the tube may be observed on the tracheal wall. This injury mainly occurs due to excessive pressure of the cuff on the tracheal wall and may be prevented by a high-volume, low-pressure cuff and a carefully monitored tracheostomy tube. Although there is an overall improvement in the design of high-volume cuffs, hyperinflation of these cuffs may still contribute to tracheal injuries. If the size of the granuloma is limited, the lesion is treated by excision (microlaryngeal surgery) under general anaesthesia. Using jet ventilation during the operation minimizes the trauma caused by intubation and reduces the risk of oedema and the risk of barotrauma, as it provides ventilation over a possible stenosis. In addition to providing better visualization of the surgical field and superior surgeon comfort, jet ventilation also increases the success of the operation. In this case report, we aimed to present a successful anaesthesia technique performed by jet ventilation in a patient with a postintubation granuloma, which was excised by microlaryngeal surgery without the need for reintubation

Comparative efficiency testing for a newly designed cyclone type sediment trap for wind erosion measurements

The measurement of eolian sediment transport still remains one of the biggest challenges in eolian research. This paper presents the experimental results on the trap efficiency of a newly designed cyclone-type trap (BEST) and Wilson and Cook trap (WAC) under various wind speeds in the Eremology Wind Tunnel Facility at Gent University, Belgium. The performance of the two traps were tested for four different sediment sizes (<100,100-200,200-300 and 300-500 mu m) and under four free-flow wind speeds (12, 13,14, and 15 m s(-1)). The test results showed that the efficiency of the BEST was higher than that of the WAC, and the efficiencies of BEST and WAC varied between 75 and 100% and 12 and 52%, respectively. In addition, the coefficient of variation (CV) indicated that the variability in the efficiency of the BEST was lower with wind speed and particle size. These higher and more consistent efficiencies of the BEST were chiefly attributed to its cyclone design, which provided: i) separation of particles from air (particle settling) by means of the accelerated gravitational force achieved by a rapid air rotation, ii) the reduced stagnation pressure at the catcher inlet by gradually increasing the outlet velocity, and iii) the reduced turbulence within its body by a regular circulating path. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Preop tanisi intrakordal kist ile karisan larengeal miksoma

Myxoma is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor, and occurs most commonly in the mandible and maxilla in the head and neck region. Myxoma of the larynx is extremely rare and is frequently misdiagnosed as a vocal polyp. We report a myxoma arising from the right vocal fold presented with a 3 years history of intermittent dysphonia in a 42-year-old female who was pre diagnosed as an intracordal cyst