The morphology of the interventricular structures of the heart in 80-day-old wild pig fetal siblings

İnsanda ve birçok hayvan türünde kalbin makro ve mikro yapısının ortaya konulduğu çeşitli çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Ancak yaban domuzu fetuslarında ayrıntılı morfolojik bir çalışmaya rastlanılmamıştır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın var olan bilgi eksikliğinin giderilmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Çalışmada %10’luk formaldehit ile tespit edilen 80 günlük yaban domuzu fetusuna ait 7 adet kalp kullanıldı. Diseksiyon ve fotoğraflama işlemlerinden sonra alınan doku örneklerine rutin histolojik prosedür uygulandı. Hazırlanan bloklardan elde edilen 5 mikronluk kesitlere genel histolojik yapıyı ortaya koymak amacıyla Crossman’ın modifiye triple boyama tekniği uygulandı. Valva atrioventricularis dextra’nın incelenen tüm kalplerde cuspis septalis, cuspis angularis ve cuspis parietalis olmak üzere üç yapraktan oluştuğu belirlendi. Valva atrioventricularis sinistra’nın incelenen tüm kalplerde cuspis septalis ve cuspis parietalis olmak üzere iki yapraktan oluştuğu belirlendi. Ventriculus dexter’de dış duvara yerleşmiş 1 adet m. papillaris magnus’a, septal duvara yerleşmiş 1 adet m. papillaris subarteriosus’a ve 1-2 adet mm. papillares parvi’ye rastlandı. Ventriculus sinister’in dış duvarına yerleşmiş 1 adet m. papillaris subauricularis ve 1 adet m. papillaris subatrialis’e rastlandı. Sağ ventriküllerin hepsinde trabeculae septomarginalis’e rastlanırken, sol ventrikülde rastlanmamıştır. Sağ ventrikülde chordae tendinea sayısının 17-24 adet, sol ventrikülde ise 15-20 adet arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Kalbin atrioventriküler hattı boyunca alınan transversal kesitlerde sol ventrikülün dış duvarında subendokardial purkinje hücreleri görüldü. Kalbin uzun ekseni boyunca gömülmesiyle elde edilen kesitlerde ise sol ventrikül septal duvarının subendokardında atrioventricular bundle ve Purkinje hücre toplulukları görüldü. Ayrıca sağ ventrikülün dış duvarından alınan kesitlerde periarterial purkinje hücrelerine rastlandı. Yapılan inceleme sonucunda 80 günlük yaban domuzu fetuslarına ait kalplerde bütün yapıların oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir.Since there is no literature focused on the macro and micro structrure of the heart of the wild pig fetuses, this study aimed to contribute to the lack of information in this area. In this study, 7 hearts which belongs to the 80 days old fetuses of the wild pigs were used after fixation. After dissection and photographing, Crossmans modified triple staining technique was applied on the sections taken. The right atrioventricular valves possessed septal, angular, and parietal; while the left atrioventricular valves composed septal and parietal cusps. In the right ventricle, there was one posterior papillary muscle on the outer wall, one anterior papillary muscle and 1-2 septal papillary muscles on the septal wall. In the parietal wall of the left ventricle, there was one subauricular papillary muscle and one subatrial papillary muscle. Even the septomarginal trabecula was seen in all right ventricules examined, the left ventricles possessed any. There were17-24 in the right and 15-20 tendinous chords in the left ventricle. In the sections taken along the atrioventricular line, subendocardial purkinje cells were seen at the parietal wall of the left ventricle. In the long axis sections of the heart, there were purkinje cell aggregates and atrioventricular bundle at the subendocard of the septal wall of the left ventricle. Besides, periarterial purkinje cells were seen at the sections of the parietal wall of the right ventricle. It was determined that all the structures were formed at the hearts of 80 days old fetuses of the wild pig

Cryptosporidium-host Interaction alters regulation of oncomiRNAs and tumor suppressor miRNA expression

The apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium is well-known for its capability to induce cryptosporidiosis, a severe diarrheal disease in human and animals. Cryptosporidium can also be a potential pathogen in human for cancer progression, particularly colorectal cancer. This review was designed to outline the information about the life cycle of the Cryptosporidium, the consequences of Cryptosporidium infection into the response mechanism in immune compromised host and finally the regulation of oncomiRNAs and tumor suppressor miRNAs upon Cryptosporidium infection. Host-Cryptosporidium interaction caused alteration of expression of a series of microRNAs or miRNAs as a result of controlling defense mechanism. Regulation of miRNAs in the infected cells may be identified as possible biomarkers in cancer progression. Upregulation of oncomicroRNAs or oncomiRNAs and the downregulation of tumor suppressor miRNAs in the host epithelial cells due to the Cryptosporidium infection may lead to cancer initiation on human

Nesilden nesile devredilen kavuk yolculuğu : İsmail Dümbüllü'nün kavuğu

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2018.This work is a student project of the Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.The History of Turkey course (HIST200) is a requirement for all Bilkent undergraduates. It is designed to encourage students to work in groups on projects concerning any topic of their choice that relates to the history of Turkey. It is designed as an interactive course with an emphasis on research and the objective of investigating events, chronologically short historical periods, as well as historic representations. Students from all departments prepare and present final projects for examination by a committee, with 10 projects chosen to receive awards.Includes bibliographical references (pages 13-14).by Yasemin Başaran Doğan

The morphology of the interventrıcular structures of the heart in 80-day-old wild pig fetal siblings

İnsanda ve birçok hayvan türünde kalbin makro ve mikro yapısının ortaya konulduğu çeşitli çalışmalar bulunmaktadır. Ancak yaban domuzu fetuslarında ayrıntılı morfolojik bir çalışmaya rastlanılmamıştır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın var olan bilgi eksikliğinin giderilmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Çalışmada %10'luk formaldehit ile tespit edilen 80 günlük yaban domuzu fetusuna ait 7 adet kalp kullanıldı. Diseksiyon ve fotoğraflama işlemlerinden sonra alınan doku örneklerine rutin histolojik prosedür uygulandı. Hazırlanan bloklardan elde edilen 5 mikronluk kesitlere genel histolojik yapıyı ortaya koymak amacıyla Crossman'ın modifiye triple boyama tekniği uygulandı. Valva atrioventricularis dextra'nın incelenen tüm kalplerde cuspis septalis, cuspis angularis ve cuspis parietalis olmak üzere üç yapraktan oluştuğu belirlendi. Valva atrioventricularis sinistra'nın incelenen tüm kalplerde cuspis septalis ve cuspis parietalis olmak üzere iki yapraktan oluştuğu belirlendi. Ventriculus dexter'de dış duvara yerleşmiş 1 adet m. papillaris magnus'a, septal duvara yerleşmiş 1 adet m. papillaris subarteriosus'a ve 1-2 adet mm. papillares parvi'ye rastlandı. Ventriculus sinister'in dış duvarına yerleşmiş 1 adet m. papillaris subauricularis ve 1 adet m. papillaris subatrialis'e rastlandı. Sağ ventriküllerin hepsinde trabeculae septomarginalis'e rastlanırken, sol ventrikülde rastlanmamıştır. Sağ ventrikülde chordae tendinea sayısının 17-24 adet, sol ventrikülde ise 15-20 adet arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Kalbin atrioventriküler hattı boyunca alınan transversal kesitlerde sol ventrikülün dış duvarında subendokardial purkinje hücreleri görüldü. Kalbin uzun ekseni boyunca gömülmesiyle elde edilen kesitlerde ise sol ventrikül septal duvarının subendokardında atrioventricular bundle ve Purkinje hücre toplulukları görüldü. Ayrıca sağ ventrikülün dış duvarından alınan kesitlerde periarterial purkinje hücrelerine rastlandı. Yapılan inceleme sonucunda 80 günlük yaban domuzu fetuslarına ait kalplerde bütün yapıların oluştuğu tespit edilmiştirSince there is no literature focused on the macro and micro structrure of the heart of the wild pig fetuses, this study aimed to contribute to the lack of information in this area. In this study, 7 hearts which belongs to the 80 days old fetuses of the wild pigs were used after fixation. After dissection and photographing, Crossmans modified triple staining technique was applied on the sections taken. The right atrioventricular valves possessed septal, angular, and parietal; while the left atrioventricular valves composed septal and parietal cusps. In the right ventricle, there was one posterior papillary muscle on the outer wall, one anterior papillary muscle and 1-2 septal papillary muscles on the septal wall. In the parietal wall of the left ventricle, there was one subauricular papillary muscle and one subatrial papillary muscle. Even the septomarginal trabecula was seen in all right ventricules examined, the left ventricles possessed any. There were17-24 in the right and 1520 tendinous chords in the left ventricle. In the sections taken along the atrioventricular line, subendocardial purkinje cells were seen at the parietal wall of the left ventricle. In the long axis sections of the heart, there were purkinje cell aggregates and atrioventricular bundle at the subendocard of the septal wall of the left ventricle. Besides, periarterial purkinje cells were seen at the sections of the parietal wall of the right ventricle. It was determined that all the structures were formed at the hearts of 80 days old fetuses of the wild pi

Neonatal Screening for Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia in Turkey

Objective: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is the most common form of primary adrenal insufficiency in children. Neonatal screening for CAH is effective in detecting the salt-wasting (SW) form and in reducing mortality. In this study, our aim was to estimate the incidence of CAH in Turkey and to assess the characteristics and efficacy of the adopted newborn CAH screening strategy. Methods: A pilot newborn CAH screening study was carried out under the authority of the Turkish Directorate of Public Health. Newborn babies of ≥32 gestational weeks and ≥1500 gr birth weight from four cities, born between March 27-September 15, 2017 were included in the study. Screening protocol included one sample two-tier testing. In the first step, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) was measured by fluoroimmunoassay in dried blood spots (DBS) obtained at 3-5 days of life. The cases with positive initial screening were tested by steroid profiling in DBS using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method to measure 17-OHP, 21-deoxycortisol (21-S), cortisol (F), 11-deoxycortisol and androstenedione as a second-tier test. The babies with a steroid ratio (21-S+17-OHP)/F of ≥0.5 were referred to pediatric endocrinology clinics for diagnostic assessment. Results: 38,935 infants were tested, 2265 (5.82%) required second-tier testing and 212 (0.54%) were referred for clinical assessment, six of whom were diagnosed with CAH (four males, two females). Four cases were identified as SW 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21-OHD) (two males, two females). One male baby had simple virilizing 21-OHD and one male baby had 11-OHD CAH. The incidence of classical 21-OHD in the screened population was 1:7,787. Conclusion: The incidence of CAH due to classical 21-OHD is higher in Turkey compared to previous reports. We, therefore, suggest that CAH be added to the newborn screening panel in Turkey. The use of steroid profiling as a second-tier test was found to improve the efficacy of the screening and reduce the number of false-positives.PubMedWoSScopu

Mortality Risk Factors among Critically Ill Children with Acute COVID-19 in PICUs: A Multicenter Study from Turkish Pediatric Critical COVID-19 and MIS-C Study Group

© 2022 Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. All rights reserved.Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the world has a large number of reported COVID-19 cases and deaths. Information on characteristics and mortality rate of pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) cases with COVID-19 remains limited. This study aims to identify the risk factors for mortality related to COVID-19 in children admitted to PICU. Methods: A retrospective multicenter cohort study was conducted between March 2020 and April 2021 at 44 PICUs in Turkey. Children who were 1 month-18-year of age with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to PICU were included in the study. Children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome and asymptomatic for COVID-19 were excluded. Results: Of 335 patients with COVID-19, the median age was 6.8 years (IQR: 1.2-14) and 180 (53.7 %) were male, 215 (64.2 %) had at least one comorbidity. Age and gender were not related to mortality. Among 335 patients, 166 (49.5%) received mechanical ventilation, 17 (5.1%) received renal replacement therapy and 44 (13.1 %) died. Children with medical complexity, congenital heart disease, immunosuppression and malignancy had significantly higher mortality. On multivariable logistic regression analysis, organ failure index [odds ratio (OR): 2.1, 95 confidence interval (CI): 1.55-2.85], and having congenital heart disease (OR: 2.65, 95 CI: 1.03-6.80), were associated with mortality. Conclusions: This study presents detailed data on clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 admitted to PICU in the first pandemic year in Turkey. Our study shows that having congenital heart disease is associated with mortality. In addition, the high organ failure score in follow-up predict mortality