Teamutvikling på ulike lokasjoner. Sammenslåing og utviklingsprosess i gruppen Bevegelse, ved NAV Hjelpemiddelsentral Trøndelag med aksjonsforskning som utviklingsstrategi

Masteroppgave i kunnskapsledelse (MKL) - Nord universitet 201

SOSIALE FERDIGHETER HOS SMÅ SPEDBARN - Undersøkelser av mødre og spedbarn i Double Video paradigme

Double Video paradigmet representerer en «lukket videosirkel» hvor mor og spedbarn sitter fysisk adskilt i hver sitt rom og kommuniserer med hverandre via video- og audio-kanaler hvor de er i en direkte interaksjon (Direkte), eller hvor mor eller spedbarnet får overført et opptak av partneren fra litt tidligere i interaksjonen (Opptak). Manipulasjonen skaper et brudd på sosial kontingens. Double Video paradigmet gjør det mulig å undersøke om spedbarn er sensitive til brudd på sosial kontingens, og om mødres interaksjonsatferd endres når spedbarna ikke lenger responderer aktivt på mors atferd. Double Video laboratoriet i Bergen bestod av 5 betingelser; Direkte 1-Opptak 1-Direkte 2-Opptak 2-Direkte 3. Våre undersøkelser av barnets blikkfokus og affektive uttrykk gir støtte for en sensitvitet til sosial kontingens hos to måneder gamle spedbarn. Resultater viser også at mødres vokaliseringer endres, avhengig av kvaliteten på interaksjonen med spedbarnet. Resultatene fra Double Video laboratoriet i Bergen gir empirisk støtte for at to måneder gamle spedbarn er sensitive til kvalitative endringer i mors atferd under interaksjon, og at mødre er avhengig av aktive bidrag fra spedbarnet for å opprettholde egen interaksjonsatferd. Dette tilbakeviser påstanden om at proto-dialog mellom spedbarn og omsorgsgiver er en enveis prosess som er drevet av omsorgsgiver

Mission Support - Luftforsvarets skjulte bransje?

publishedVersio

Paramedic Norwegian Acute Stroke Prehospital Project (ParaNASPP) study protocol: a stepped wedge randomised trial of stroke screening using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale in the ambulance

Background Less than 50% of stroke patients in Norway reach hospital within 4 h of symptom onset. Early prehospital identification of stroke and triage to the right level of care may result in more patients receiving acute treatment. Quality of communication between paramedics and the stroke centre directly affects prehospital on-scene time, emphasising this as a key factor to reduce prehospital delay. Prehospital stroke scales are developed for quick and easy identification of stroke, but have poor sensitivity and specificity compared to an in-hospital assessment with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). The aim of the Paramedic Norwegian Acute Stroke Prehospital Project (ParaNASPP) is to assess whether a structured learning program, prehospital NIHSS and a mobile application facilitating communication with the stroke physician may improve triage of acute stroke patients. Methods A stepped wedge cluster randomised controlled intervention design will be used in this trial in Oslo, Norway. Paramedics at five ambulance stations will enrol adult patients with suspected stroke within 24 h of symptom onset. All paramedics will begin in a control phase with standard procedures. Through an e-learning program and practical training, a random and sequential switch to the intervention phase takes place. A mobile application for NIHSS scoring, including vital patient information for treatment decisions, transferring data from paramedics to the on-call stroke physician at the Stroke Unit at Oslo University Hospital, will be provided for the intervention. The primary outcome measure is positive predictive value (PPV) for prehospital identification of patients with acute stroke defined as the proportion of patients accepted for stroke evaluation and discharged with a final stroke diagnosis. One thousand three hundred patients provide a 50% surplus to the 808 patients needed for 80% power to detect a 10% increase in PPV. Discussion Structured and digital communication using a common scale like NIHSS may result in increased probability for better identification of stroke patients and less stroke mimics delivered to a stroke team for acute diagnostics and treatment in our population.publishedVersio

Capturing Control Room Simulator Data with the HERA Database

The Human Event Repository and Analysis (HERA) system has been developed as a tool for classifying and recording human performance data extracted from primary data sources. This paper reviews the process of extracting data from simulator studies for use in HERA. Simulator studies pose unique data collection challenges, both in types and quality of data measures, but such studies are ideally suited to gather operator performance data, including the full spectrum of performance shaping factors used in a HERA analysis. This paper provides suggestions for obtaining relevant human performance data for a HERA analysis from a control room simulator study and for inputting those data in a format suitable for HERA

Towards an ecological understanding of dinoflagellate cyst functions

The life cycle of many dinoflagellates includes at least one nonflagellated benthic stage (cyst). In the literature, the different types of dinoflagellate cysts are mainly defined based on morphological (number and type of layers in the cell wall) and functional (long- or short-term endurance) differences. These characteristics were initially thought to clearly distinguish pellicle (thin-walled) cysts from resting (double-walled) dinoflagellate cysts. The former were considered short-term (temporal) and the latter long-term (resting) cysts. However, during the last two decades further knowledge has highlighted the great intricacy of dinoflagellate life histories, the ecological significance of cyst stages, and the need to clarify the functional and morphological complexities of the different cyst types. Here we review and, when necessary, redefine the concepts of resting and pellicle cysts, examining both their structural and their functional characteristics in the context of the life cycle strategies of several dinoflagellate species.Versión del editor

Calcareous nannoplankton dating of the Late Quaternary deposits in Greece and the eastern Mediterranean: Case studies from terrestrial and marine sites

AbstractThe distribution and abundance of Emiliania huxleyi (E. huxleyi) assemblages in the marine sediments of the Aravonitsa Plateau, Greece, and from the eastern Mediterranean are used (1) to evaluate the calcareous nannoplankton NN21a and NN21b biozones and the NN21a/NN21b boundary, and (2) to analyze the palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic conditions prevailing in this interval. The sediment succession displays varied E. huxleyi assemblages and these are interpreted as reflecting climatic variability during marine isotope stages MIS 1–8

A Valid and Reliable Instrument for Cognitive Complexity Rating Assignment of Chemistry Exam Items

The design and use of a valid and reliable instrument for the assignment of cognitive complexity ratings to chemistry exam items is described in this paper. Use of such an instrument provides a simple method to quantify the cognitive demands of chemistry exam items. Instrument validity was established in two different ways: statistically significant correlations between expert-based cognitive complexity ratings and student performance (as measured through statistical difficulty of items), and statistically significant correlations between expert-based cognitive complexity ratings and student mental effort ratings. Key benefits associated with instrument use include an enhanced understanding of the cognitive complexity of chemistry assessment tasks and as a means for characterizing exam content for the measurement of cognitive development

The life history of the toxic marine dinoflagellate Protoceratium reticulatum (Gonyaulacales) in culture

Asexual and sexual life cycle events were studied in cultures of the toxic marine dinoflagellate Protoceratium reticulatum. Asexual division by desmoschisis was characterized morphologically and changes in DNA content were analyzed by flow cytometry. The results indicated that haploid cells with a C DNA content occurred only during the light period whereas a shift from a C to a 2C DNA content (indicative of S phase) took place only during darkness. The sexual life cycle was documented by examining the mating type as well as the morphology of the sexual stages and nuclei. Gamete fusion resulted in a planozygote with two longitudinal flagella, but longitudinally biflagellated cells arising from planozygote division were also observed, so one of the daughter cells retained two longitudinal flagella while the other daughter cell lacked them. Presumed planozygotes (identified by their longitudinally biflagellated form) followed two life-cycle routes: division and encystment (resting cyst formation). Both the division of longitudinally biflagellated cells and resting cyst formation are morphologically described herein. Resting cyst formation through sexual reproduction was observed in 6.1% of crosses and followed a complex heterothallic pattern. Clonal strains underwent sexuality (homothallism for planozygote formation and division) but without the production of resting cysts. Ornamental processes of resting cysts formed from the cyst wall under an outer balloon-shaped membrane and were fully developed in <1 h. Obligatory dormancy period was of ∼4 months. Excystment resulted in a large, rounded, pigmented, longitudinally biflagellated but motionless, thecate germling that divided by desmoschisis. Like the planozygote, the first division of the germling yielded one longitudinally biflagellated daughter cell and another without longitudinal flagella. The longitudinal biflagellation state of both sexual stages and of the first division products of these cells is discussed.Postprin