690 research outputs found
Structure of hadron resonances with a nearby zero of the amplitude
We discuss the relation between the analytic structure of the scattering
amplitude and the origin of an eigenstate represented by a pole of the
amplitude.If the eigenstate is not dynamically generated by the interaction in
the channel of interest, the residue of the pole vanishes in the zero coupling
limit. Based on the topological nature of the phase of the scattering
amplitude, we show that the pole must encounter with the
Castillejo-Dalitz-Dyson (CDD) zero in this limit. It is concluded that the
dynamical component of the eigenstate is small if a CDD zero exists near the
eigenstate pole. We show that the line shape of the resonance is distorted from
the Breit-Wigner form as an observable consequence of the nearby CDD zero.
Finally, studying the positions of poles and CDD zeros of the KbarN-piSigma
amplitude, we discuss the origin of the eigenstates in the Lambda(1405) region.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, v2: published versio
Observation and study of baryonic B decays: B -> D(*) p pbar, D(*) p pbar pi, and D(*) p pbar pi pi
We present a study of ten B-meson decays to a D(*), a proton-antiproton pair,
and a system of up to two pions using BaBar's data set of 455x10^6 BBbar pairs.
Four of the modes (B0bar -> D0 p anti-p, B0bar -> D*0 p anti-p, B0bar -> D+ p
anti-p pi-, B0bar -> D*+ p anti-p pi-) are studied with improved statistics
compared to previous measurements; six of the modes (B- -> D0 p anti-p pi-, B-
-> D*0 p anti-p pi-, B0bar -> D0 p anti-p pi- pi+, B0bar -> D*0 p anti-p pi-
pi+, B- -> D+ p anti-p pi- pi-, B- -> D*+ p anti-p pi- pi-) are first
observations. The branching fractions for 3- and 5-body decays are suppressed
compared to 4-body decays. Kinematic distributions for 3-body decays show
non-overlapping threshold enhancements in m(p anti-p) and m(D(*)0 p) in the
Dalitz plots. For 4-body decays, m(p pi-) mass projections show a narrow peak
with mass and full width of (1497.4 +- 3.0 +- 0.9) MeV/c2, and (47 +- 12 +- 4)
MeV/c2, respectively, where the first (second) errors are statistical
(systematic). For 5-body decays, mass projections are similar to phase space
expectations. All results are preliminary.Comment: 28 pages, 90 postscript figures, submitted to LP0
A search for the decay modes B+/- to h+/- tau l
We present a search for the lepton flavor violating decay modes B+/- to h+/-
tau l (h= K,pi; l= e,mu) using the BaBar data sample, which corresponds to 472
million BBbar pairs. The search uses events where one B meson is fully
reconstructed in one of several hadronic final states. Using the momenta of the
reconstructed B, h, and l candidates, we are able to fully determine the tau
four-momentum. The resulting tau candidate mass is our main discriminant
against combinatorial background. We see no evidence for B+/- to h+/- tau l
decays and set a 90% confidence level upper limit on each branching fraction at
the level of a few times 10^-5.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev.
Measurement of CP-violation asymmetries in D0 to Ks pi+ pi-
We report a measurement of time-integrated CP-violation asymmetries in the
resonant substructure of the three-body decay D0 to Ks pi+ pi- using CDF II
data corresponding to 6.0 invfb of integrated luminosity from Tevatron ppbar
collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV. The charm mesons used in this analysis come
from D*+(2010) to D0 pi+ and D*-(2010) to D0bar pi-, where the production
flavor of the charm meson is determined by the charge of the accompanying pion.
We apply a Dalitz-amplitude analysis for the description of the dynamic decay
structure and use two complementary approaches, namely a full Dalitz-plot fit
employing the isobar model for the contributing resonances and a
model-independent bin-by-bin comparison of the D0 and D0bar Dalitz plots. We
find no CP-violation effects and measure an asymmetry of ACP = (-0.05 +- 0.57
(stat) +- 0.54 (syst))% for the overall integrated CP-violation asymmetry,
consistent with the standard model prediction.Comment: 15 page
Search for rare quark-annihilation decays, B --> Ds(*) Phi
We report on searches for B- --> Ds- Phi and B- --> Ds*- Phi. In the context
of the Standard Model, these decays are expected to be highly suppressed since
they proceed through annihilation of the b and u-bar quarks in the B- meson.
Our results are based on 234 million Upsilon(4S) --> B Bbar decays collected
with the BABAR detector at SLAC. We find no evidence for these decays, and we
set Bayesian 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions BF(B-
--> Ds- Phi) Ds*- Phi)<1.2x10^(-5). These results
are consistent with Standard Model expectations.Comment: 8 pages, 3 postscript figues, submitted to Phys. Rev. D (Rapid
Communications
Aging Affects the Mental Rotation of Left and Right Hands
BACKGROUND:Normal aging significantly influences motor and cognitive performance. Little is known about age-related changes in action simulation. Here, we investigated the influence of aging on implicit motor imagery. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:Twenty young (mean age: 23.9+/-2.8 years) and nineteen elderly (mean age: 78.3+/-4.5 years) subjects, all right-handed, were required to determine the laterality of hands presented in various positions. To do so, they mentally rotated their hands to match them with the hand-stimuli. We showed that: (1) elderly subjects were affected in their ability to implicitly simulate movements of the upper limbs, especially those requiring the largest amplitude of displacement and/or with strong biomechanical constraints; (2) this decline was greater for movements of the non-dominant arm than of the dominant arm. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE:These results extend recent findings showing age-related alterations of the explicit side of motor imagery. They suggest that a general decline in action simulation occurs with normal aging, in particular for the non-dominant side of the body
Effects of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist rimonabant on distinct measures of impulsive behavior in rats
Rationale Pathological impulsivity is a prominent feature in several psychiatric disorders, but detailed understanding of the specific
neuronal processes underlying impulsive behavior is as yet lacking.
Objectives As recent findings have suggested involvement of the brain cannabinoid system in impulsivity, the present study aimed at further
elucidating the role of cannabinoid CB1 receptor activation in distinct measures of impulsive behavior.
Materials and methods The effects of the selective cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist, rimonabant (SR141716A) and agonist WIN55,212-2 were tested in various measures of impulsive behavior,
namely, inhibitory control in a five-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT), impulsive choice in a delayed reward paradigm,
and response inhibition in a stop-signal paradigm.
Results In the 5-CSRTT, SR141716A dose-dependently improved inhibitory control by decreasing the number of premature responses. Furthermore,
SR141716A slightly improved attentional function, increased correct response latency, but did not affect other parameters.
The CB1 receptor agonist WIN55,212-2 did not change inhibitory control in the 5-CSRTT and only increased response latencies and errors
of omissions. Coadministration of WIN55,212-2 prevented the effects of SR141716A on inhibitory control in the 5-CSRTT. Impulsive
choice and response inhibition were not affected by SR141716A at any dose, whereas WIN55,212-2 slightly impaired response
inhibition but did not change impulsive choice.
Conclusions The present data suggest that particularly the endocannabinoid system seems involved in some measures of impulsivity and provides
further evidence for the existence of distinct forms of impulsivity that can be pharmacologically dissociated
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