Efficacy of two-month treatment with Xiloial® eyedrops for discomfort from disposable soft contact lenses

none4noneVersura P.; Profazio V.; Balducci N.; Campos E.C.Versura P.; Profazio V.; Balducci N.; Campos E.C

Validasi Metode Analisis Klorfeniramin Maleat Dan Guaifenesin Menggunakan Kromatografi Cair Kinerja Tinggi Serta Aplikasinya Dalam Sediaan Sirup

The combination of CTM and GG is often used as an active substances to relieve symptoms of cough and cold. The concentration of CTM and GG in syrup are very low, so that it need validated determination method to ensure therapeutic dose. The purposes of this study were to validate determination method of CTM and GG and to apply the method to some syrups. Determination of CTM and GG in syrup using HPLC JascoLc-Net II/ADC equipped with a UV-Visible detector at a wavelength of 270 nm. The stationary phase used was C18Li Chosphera nd the mobile phase usedwas a mixture of acetonitrile:methanol:water (15:10:75 v/v) with a flow rate of 1 mL/minutes.Validation test was conducted on precision test, accuracy, selectivity, linearity and sensitivity. The method of analysis was applied to syrups fromthree different factories. The result of this research showed that validation tests of CTM and GG met the requirements, were: % RSD of precision test for CTM was 0.18% and for GG was 0.17%; accuracy test resulted good recovery for CTM and for GG in syrups. Good selectivity; linearity with a correlation coefficient 0.999; LOD for CTM and GG were 2.40 and 3.07 µg/mL; LOQ for CTM and GG were 8.00µg/mL and 10.24 µg/mL. The level of CTM and GG in syrups were compliance with the requirements by the Indonesian Pharmacopeia Edition V

P2‐111: MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL‐DERIVED SECRETOME FULLY REPLICATE CELL‐MEDIATED NEURO‐REPARATIVE ACTIVITIES IN THE APP/PS1 MOUSE MODEL OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE

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Post‐diagnosis adiposity, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, dietary factors, supplement use and colorectal cancer prognosis: Global Cancer Update Programme ( CUP Global) summary of evidence grading

Based on the World Cancer Research Fund Global Cancer Update Programme, we performed systematic reviews and meta‐analyses to investigate the association of post‐diagnosis adiposity, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and dietary factors with colorectal cancer prognosis. We searched PubMed and Embase until 28th February, 2022. An independent expert committee and expert panel graded the quality of evidence. A total of 167 unique publications were reviewed, and all but five were observational studies. The quality of the evidence was graded conservatively due to the high risk of several biases. There was evidence of non‐linearity in the associations between body mass index and colorectal cancer prognosis. The associations appeared reverse J‐shaped, and the quality of this evidence was graded as limited (likelihood of causality: limited‐no conclusion). The evidence on recreational physical activity and lower risk of all‐cause mortality (relative risk [RR] highest vs. lowest: 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62–0.77) and recurrence/disease‐free survival (RR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70–0.92) was graded as limited‐suggestive. There was limited‐suggestive evidence for the associations between healthy dietary and/or lifestyle patterns (including diets that comprised plant‐based foods), intake of whole grains and coffee with lower risk of all‐cause mortality, and between unhealthy dietary patterns and intake of sugary drinks with higher risk of all‐cause mortality. The evidence for other exposures on colorectal cancer outcomes was sparse and graded as limited‐no conclusion. Analyses were conducted excluding cancer patients with metastases without substantial changes in the findings. Well‐designed intervention and cohort studies are needed to support the development of lifestyle recommendations for colorectal cancer patients

Post-diagnosis adiposity, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, dietary factors, supplement use and colorectal cancer prognosis: Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) summary of evidence grading

Based on the World Cancer Research Fund Global Cancer Update Programme, we performed systematic reviews and meta-analyses to investigate the association of post-diagnosis adiposity, physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and dietary factors with colorectal cancer prognosis. We searched PubMed and Embase until 28th February, 2022. An independent expert committee and expert panel graded the quality of evidence. A total of 167 unique publications were reviewed, and all but five were observational studies. The quality of the evidence was graded conservatively due to the high risk of several biases. There was evidence of non-linearity in the associations between body mass index and colorectal cancer prognosis. The associations appeared reverse J-shaped, and the quality of this evidence was graded as limited (likelihood of causality: limited-no conclusion). The evidence on recreational physical activity and lower risk of all-cause mortality (relative risk [RR] highest vs. lowest: 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.62-0.77) and recurrence/disease-free survival (RR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70-0.92) was graded as limited-suggestive. There was limited-suggestive evidence for the associations between healthy dietary and/or lifestyle patterns (including diets that comprised plant-based foods), intake of whole grains and coffee with lower risk of all-cause mortality, and between unhealthy dietary patterns and intake of sugary drinks with higher risk of all-cause mortality. The evidence for other exposures on colorectal cancer outcomes was sparse and graded as limited-no conclusion. Analyses were conducted excluding cancer patients with metastases without substantial changes in the findings. Well-designed intervention and cohort studies are needed to support the development of lifestyle recommendations for colorectal cancer patients

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Endothelin-1 plasma levels and vascular endothelial dysfunction in primary open angle glaucoma

none6noAIMS: To assess the relationship between endothelial dysfunction, endothelin 1 (ET-1) plasma levels and subclinical inflammation in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) patients. MAIN METHODS: We enrolled 40 POAG patients with progressive visual field damage, although well controlled intraocular pressure (IOP) and compared to age and sex matched healthxy subjects. Each patient underwent an ophthalmological examination, a standard achromatic perimetry (SAP), blood sampling to assess ET-1 plasma levels, an objective assessment of cellularity within the anterior chamber (FLARE) and measurement of flow mediated dilation (FMD) with high resolution 2-dimensional ultrasonographic imaging of the brachial artery. KEY FINDINGS: At baseline, POAG patients, compared to healthy controls, showed an increase of ET-1 plasma levels: 2.83 ± 0.28 pg/ml vs. 1.75 ± 0.25 pg/ml (p0.001). SIGNIFICANCE: The increase of ET-1 in POAG patients is related to vascular dysfunction (r=0.942; p=0.001) and vascular dysfunction is related to sub-clinical intraocular inflammation (r=0.968; p=0.001). Thus ET-1 and vascular dysfunction related to sub-clinical inflammation may play a key role in determining a progressive visual field damage in POAG patients who present a well-controlled IOP.openCellini M; Strobbe E; Gizzi C; Balducci N; Toschi PG; Campos ECCellini M; Strobbe E; Gizzi C; Balducci N; Toschi PG; Campos E

Efficacy of two-month treatment with Xiloial&amp;reg; eyedrops for discomfort from disposable soft contact lenses

Piera Versura, Vincenzo Profazio, Nicole Balducci, Emilio C CamposOphthalmology Unit, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, ItalyPurpose: To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of Xiloial&amp;reg; monodose eyedrops in the treatment of patients suffering from subjective symptoms of discomfort related to disposable soft contact lens (dSCL) wear.Methods: Fifteen (12 female, three male, medium age 39 &amp;plusmn; 9 years) dSCL wearers were enrolled. Inclusion criteria were Ocular Surface Disease Index (ODSI) symptom questionnaire score &amp;gt;12, tear film break-up time (TFBUT) &amp;lt;10 sec, Schirmer test I &amp;gt;10 mm over five minutes, mild punctuate keratopathy, and conjunctival staining (Oxford grading &amp;le;4). Monodose Xiloial eyedrops were administered three times daily for a two-month period. Patients were evaluated at enrollment, after three days of washout (baseline), and after one and two months of treatment, by OSDI score, Schirmer test I, TFBUT, ferning test, ocular surface damage (Oxford grade), and serum albumin in tears (index of passive exudation related to serum leakage).Results: At endpoint versus baseline, respectively, the mean &amp;plusmn; standard deviation of all variables improved as follows: OSDI (8.5 &amp;plusmn; 3 versus 20.2 &amp;plusmn; 1.6); TFBUT (9.6 &amp;plusmn; 1.1 versus 7.1 &amp;plusmn; 1.0); Oxford grading (0.5 &amp;plusmn; 0.1 versus 3.6 &amp;plusmn; 0.8); ferning test (2 &amp;plusmn; 1 versus 2.4 &amp;plusmn; 0.5); and Schirmer test I (14.6 &amp;plusmn; 1.1 versus 12 &amp;plusmn; 2.1), with P &amp;lt; 0.05 for all variables (Friedman and Wilcoxon tests). Tolerability was high, with no adverse events noted.Conclusions: A two-month treatment with Xiloial showed good tolerance and appeared to reduce ocular surface damage and symptoms of discomfort.Keywords: discomfort, dry eye, disposable contact lens, biopolymer tamarind seed polysaccharide&amp;ndash;hyaluronic aci

Electrophysiological Detection of Delayed Post-Retinal Neural Conduction in Amblyopia

Purpose: Simultaneous recordings of pattern electroretinograms (PERG) and visual evoked potentials (VEP) allow us to separate a macular dysfunction from a delay in neural conduction along post-retinal visual pathaways1. Our work aims to evaluate the macular function and the neural conduction along the visual pathways in amblyopic patients. Methods: 25 anisometropic amblyopic patients [mean age 7± 1.9 years; Visual Acuity (VA): 0.44± 0.27 LogMAR in amblyopic eyes (AE), 0.023± 0.067 LogMAR in sound eyes (SE)] and 25 age-similar controls (AS eyes, VA of 0.0± 0.0 LogMAR in both eyes) were enrolled. In AE, SE and AS eyes, simultaneous PERG and VEP were recorded in response to checks reversed at the rate of 2 reversals/s stimulating macular or extramacular areas (the checks edge subtended 15’ and 60’of visual arc respectively) 2. Results: Non significant differences (ANOVA, p>0.01) in PERG and 60’ VEP responses and in 60’ Retinocortical Time (RCT; difference between VEP P100 and PERG P50 implicit times) between AE, SE and AS eyes were observed. AE eyes showed a significant (p&lt;0.01) increase in 15’ VEP P100 implicit time and in 15’ RCT with respect to the values observed in SE and AS. In amblyopic patients the interocular difference in VA was significantly (Pearson’s Test, p&lt;0.01) related to the interocular difference in 15’ VEP P100 latencies and in 15’ RCT. Conclusions: Our amblyopic eyes showed abnormal visual cortical responses only when the macular area is stimulated (increase in 15’ VEP P100 implicit times). This functional impairment, in presence of a normal macular function (15’ PERG responses similar to control ones), can be ascribed to a delay in post-retinal neural conduction (increase in 15’ RCT). The interocular differences in post-retinal neural conduction were correlated to the interocular differences in visual acuity. 1Celesia GG, Kaufman D, IOVS, 1985;26:726-35. 2 Tomoda H, Celesia GG, Toleikis SC. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1990;80:81-88