The Galactic Branches as a Possible Evidence for Transient Spiral Arms

With the use of a background Milky-Way-like potential model, we performed stellar orbital and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations. As a first experiment, we studied the gaseous response to a bisymmetric spiral arm potential: the widely employed cosine potential model and a self-gravitating tridimensional density distribution based model called PERLAS. Important differences are noticeable in these simulations, while the simplified cosine potential produces two spiral arms for all cases, the more realistic density based model produces a response of four spiral arms on the gaseous disk, except for weak arms -i.e. close to the linear regime- where a two-armed structure is formed. In order to compare the stellar and gas response to the spiral arms, we have also included a detailed periodic orbit study and explored different structural parameters within observational uncertainties. The four armed response has been explained as the result of ultra harmonic resonances, or as shocks with the massive bisymmetric spiral structure, among other. From the results of this work, and comparing the stellar and gaseous responses, we tracked down an alternative explanation to the formation of branches, based only on the orbital response to a self-gravitating spiral arms model. The presence of features such as branches, might be an indication of transiency of the arms.Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA

Novedades corológicas para la comarca del Andévalo (Huelva). II

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Práctica sistémica y mundos posibles

La terapia sistémica no pretende enseñar nada, no busca intencionalmente desarrollar ninguna habilidad, ni tiene por qué diseñar estrategia alguna ó imponer conocimiento. Nuestra tarea como terapeutas se limita a conversar. Conversar significa en la pers

Pregnancy, delivery and post-partum experiences: similarities and differences in portuguese mothers: from a TransCultural Study of Postnatal Depression (TCS-PND)

We aim to address the main similarities and differences in pregnancy, delivery and postnatal experiences of Portuguese mothers. In order to accomplish this purpose, 8 focus groups were composed, each one with 4 to 6 participants. The sample, with a total of 35 subjects, is quite heterogeneous regarding several social and demographic characteristics. However, the majority of the mothers had their first (45.7%) or the second child (45.7%), about six months prior to the study. The focus groups were held in Medical Centres and the mothers were invited to participate by the nurses responsible for the vaccination in those centres. Most mothers agreed to participate. Those sessions occurred in the presence of two researchers and were audio-taped. Some questions were presented for discussion in the group, in order to focus the participants in their pregnancy and postnatal experiences. Mothers contributions were then transcribed and categorised using the IN-VIVO program. The categorisation of themes resulting from mothers participation, as well as some examples of their contributions, which had been categorised in each one of the themes, are presented. Similarities and differences found in pregnancy, delivery and postnatal experiences in this Portuguese sample, along with the advantages of using a qualitative methodology when conducting a study with this kind of purpose, are discussed. In relation to observations in others countries, results show the great importance of the quality of the relationship and support from extended family and husband to the happiness of Portuguese women during pregnancy and postpartum; nevertheless the mothers complain of the intrusiveness of the family after delivery. Also, as far as postnatal depression is concerned, and regarding to the causes, almost all the mothers conveyed that overwork and lack of support from husband and from mother might lead to depression after delivery

Stress, burnout and coping in health professionals: a literature review

Context: Stress is a phenomenon inherent to life and it becomes inevitable, particularly in a professional context, having consequences on life quality. This is a disorder that affecting several people worldwide, namely health professionals, and is originated by various factors. Objective: The aims of this review article are studying, in the stress and burnout in health professionals in order to clarify the definition, identify the possible causes, related factors and identify the coping strategies. Methods: This review article was performed through data bases such as b-on, PubMed and books. It was used articles in Portuguese, English and Spanish and that corresponde to established descriptors. Results: Stress affects individuals from any age and professional area. When is caused by work complications is called of occupational stress. This phenomenon resultes of the action of an agent stressor that can be physical, social or even psychological. Other phenomenon is Burnout Syndrome, which is characterized by emotional exhaustion, lack of professional accomplishment and depersonalization. To mitigate the effects of stress, there are specific mechanisms of coping. Conclusion: Stress and burnout are quite prevalent phenomena among health professionals. As these professionals have a fundamental role in patient care it is extremely important that they feel well physically and psychologically, as to fulfill its functions well as caregivers. In this way, it becomes important to act in the relationship between the individual and the problem, improving the skills of encouraging to use his social and personal resources to obtain control over the circumstance inducer of stress.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Second graders articulating ideas about linear functional relationships

In this paper, we explore the ideas that second grade students articulate about functional relationships. We adopt a function-based approach to introduce elementary school children to algebraic content. We present results from a design-based research study carried out with 21 second-grade students (approximately 7 years of age). We focus on a lesson from our classroom teaching experiment in which the students were working on a problem that involved a linear functional relationship (y=2x). From the analysis of students’ written work and classroom video, we illustrate two different approaches that students adopt to express the relationship between two quantities. Students show fluency recontextualizing the problem posed, moving between extra-mathematical and intra-mathematical contexts

Psychological violence within a partner relationship and alcohol abuse of Portuguese women: the mediating role of resilience

In this study, we explored how psychological violence within a partner relationship relates to resilience and alcohol abuse of Portuguese women, particularly, testing the mediating role of resilience. A cross-sectional sample of 464 Portuguese women with a partner relationship was screened for psychological violence, alcohol abuse, and resilience. Results showed differences in terms of age, marital status, and current employment situation. Psychological violence was negatively related to resilience and positively related to alcohol consumption. Resilience also showed a negative relationship with alcohol consumption. A partial mediation was found between psychological violence and alcohol consumption through resilience, supporting the crucial role of resilience to break the negative “chain” between psychological violence and alcohol consumption.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio