Pensamiento matemático y creatividad a través de la invención y resolución de problemas matemáticos

This work shows the relationship between the development of mathematical thinking and creativity with mathematical problem posing and solving. Creativity and mathematics are disciplines that do not usually appear together. Both concepts constitute complex processes sharing elements, such as fluency (number of ideas), flexibility (range of ideas), novelty (unique idea) and elaboration (idea development). These factors contribute, among others, to the fact that schoolchildren are competent in mathematics. The problem solving and posing are a very powerful evaluation tool that shows the mathematical reasoning and creative level of a person. Creativity is part of the mathematics education and is a necessary ingredient to perform mathematical assignments. This contribution presents some important research works about problem posing and solving related to the development of mathematical knowledge and creativity. To that end, it is based on various beliefs reflected in the literature with respect to notions of creativity, problem solving and posing.En este trabajo se muestra la relación entre el desarrollo del pensamiento matemático y la creatividad con la invención y resolución de problemas matemáticos. No son frecuentes las ocasiones en las que aparecen juntas Creatividad y Matemáticas. Ambas constituyen procesos complejos que comparten elementos como la fluidez (número de ideas), la flexibilidad (variedad de ideas), la novedad (idea única) y la elaboración (desarrollar una idea). Estos factores contribuyen, entre otras cosas, a que los escolares sean competentes en matemáticas. La invención y la resolución de problemas resultan ser un instrumento evaluador muy potente con el que se pone de manifiesto el nivel de razonamiento matemático y creativo de una persona. La creatividad forma parte de la educación matemática y constituye un ingrediente necesario para realizar las tareas matemáticas. Esta aportación presenta algunas investigaciones relevantes, que se han llevado a cabo sobre invención y resolución de problemas, vinculadas al desarrollo del conocimiento matemático y a la creatividad. Para ello se parte de las distintas creencias que se recogen en la literatura referente a las nociones de creatividad, invención de problemas y resolución de problemas

Pensamiento matemático y creatividad a través de la invención y resolución de problemas matemáticos

This work shows the relationship between the development of mathematical thinking and creativity with mathematical problem posing and solving. Creativity and mathematics are disciplines that do not usually appear together. Both concepts constitute complex processes sharing elements, such as fluency (number of ideas), flexibility (range of ideas), novelty (unique idea) and elaboration (idea development). These factors contribute, among others, to the fact that schoolchildren are competent in mathematics. The problem solving and posing are a very powerful evaluation tool that shows the mathematical reasoning and creative level of a person. Creativity is part of the mathematics education and is a necessary ingredient to perform mathematical assignments. This contribution presents some important research works about problem posing and solving related to the development of mathematical knowledge and creativity. To that end, it is based on various beliefs reflected in the literature with respect to notions of creativity, problem solving and posing.En este trabajo se muestra la relación entre el desarrollo del pensamiento matemático y la creatividad con la invención y resolución de problemas matemáticos. No son frecuentes las ocasiones en las que aparecen juntas Creatividad y Matemáticas. Ambas constituyen procesos complejos que comparten elementos como la fluidez (número de ideas), la flexibilidad (variedad de ideas), la novedad (idea única) y la elaboración (desarrollar una idea). Estos factores contribuyen, entre otras cosas, a que los escolares sean competentes en matemáticas. La invención y la resolución de problemas resultan ser un instrumento evaluador muy potente con el que se pone de manifiesto el nivel de razonamiento matemático y creativo de una persona. La creatividad forma parte de la educación matemática y constituye un ingrediente necesario para realizar las tareas matemáticas. Esta aportación presenta algunas investigaciones relevantes, que se han llevado a cabo sobre invención y resolución de problemas, vinculadas al desarrollo del conocimiento matemático y a la creatividad. Para ello se parte de las distintas creencias que se recogen en la literatura referente a las nociones de creatividad, invención de problemas y resolución de problemas

Improving speech intelligibility in hearing aids. Part II: Quality assessment

[EN] Subjective tests are the most reliable methods for quantifying the perceived speech intelligibility, but the process to perform these tests usually is time consuming and cost expensive. For this reason, different objective measures have been proposed in the literature to evaluate the intelligibility and/or quality of speech in such a way that cooperation of human listeners is not necessary. In this paper, we describe a wide range of subjective tests reported in the literature, focusing on those proposed to evaluate speech intelligibility of Spanish language, not only for normal hearing listeners, but for hearing impaired as well. Afterwards we summarize the most common objective measures of speech quality, and finally we perform a comparison between them and some subjective speech intelligibility tests. In the subjective tests, clean Spanish speech material has been contaminated with different real background noises: cafeteria and outside traffic noise. Results show that Short-Time Objective Intelligibility (STOI) and Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) indices present a better correlation and a lower mean square error when predicting intelligibility compared to other objective measures tested.This work has been supported by European Union ERDF and Spanish Government through TEC2012-38142-C04 project, and Generalitat Valenciana through PROMETEOII/2014/003 project. Participation of author A. Padilla has been supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from Conacyt (Mexico). The authors wish to acknowledge Prof. Felipe Orduña for his insightful comments that contributed to improve the manuscript, and to everyone who participated in the listening tests.Padilla, A.; Piñero Sipán, MG.; Diego Antón, MD.; Ferrer Contreras, M.; González Téllez, A.; Ayllón, D.; Gil Pita, R.... (2014). Improving speech intelligibility in hearing aids. Part II: Quality assessment. Waves. 6:73-85. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/57900S7385

La inclusión: un camino en construcción

La Educación Especial surge ante la necesidad de hacer realidad el derecho de atender a todas las personas por igual. Desde los años 80 del pasado siglo hasta la actualidad, se pueden observar dos movimientos principalmente: por un lado la integración escolar y por otro lado la inclusión. La integración escolar tiene por objeto la educación de alumnos diferentes que no se ajustan a una norma, bien por sus capacidades cognitivas o bien por sus alteraciones sensoriales o motoras, mientras que la inclusión toma como punto de partida el rechazo de políticas, culturas y prácticas que se declinan ante la exclusión. La educación, para poder cumplir con su finalidad ética, debe esforzarse por corregir y aminorar las posibles desigualdades sociales y conseguir una escuela para todos mediante una educación de calidad dentro del marco de la escuela. En el desarrollo del currículo se hace necesaria la adopción de nuevas estrategias docentes, métodos y medios de enseñanza que no pueden ser prescritas por la Administración sino que deben ser diseñadas por los docentes en sus aulas para sus alumnos

Displasia congénita de tibia : 12 años de seguimiento

Congenital dysplasia of the tibia, previously named congenital pseudoarthrosis, is a very rare disorder, affecting 1 in 140,000 live-born children. Some of those cases are associated with neurofibromatosis or Von Recklinghausen disease and involvement of the fibula has been reported in 62% of cases . The diagnosis is usually made at birth. The natural history of the disease is extremely dark and once a fracture occurs, there is no tendency to heal spontaneously. We would like to report a 12 years followed-up case, treated with different methods with the aim of revise different treatment techniques depending on the age of the patient and the kind of fracture

2022 taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales

In March 2022, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by two new families (bunyaviral Discoviridae and Tulasviridae), 41 new genera, and 98 new species. Three hundred forty-nine species were renamed and/or moved. The accidentally misspelled names of seven species were corrected. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV.Instituto de Patología VegetalFil: Kuhn, Jens H. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. National Institutes of Health. Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick; Estados UnidosFil: Adkins, Scott. US Horticultural Research Laboratory. United States Department of Agriculture. Agricultural Research Service; Estados UnidosFil: Alkhovsky, Sergey V. Ministry of Health of Russian Federation. National Center on Epidemiology and Microbiology .D.I. Ivanovsky Institute of Virology of N.F. Gamaleya; RusiaFil: Avšič-Županc, Tatjana. University of Ljubljana. Faculty of Medicine. Institute of Microbiology and Immunology; EsloveniaFil: Ayllón, María A. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria.Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas; EspañaFil: Ayllón, María A. Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas. Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal; EspañaFil: Bahl, Justin. University of Georgia. Center for Ecology of Infectious Diseases. Insitute of Bioinformatics. Department of Infectious Diseases. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; Estados UnidosFil: Balkema-Buschmann, Anne. Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut. Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases; AlemaniaFil: Ballinger, Matthew J. Mississippi State University. Department of Biological Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Bandte, Martina. Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. Faculty of Life Sciences. Division Phytomedicine; AlemaniaFil: Beer, Martin. Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut. Institute of Diagnostic Virology; AlemaniaFil: Bejerman, Nicolas Esteban. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Patología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Bejerman, Nicolas Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Unidad de Fitopatología y Modelización Agrícola (UFyMA); ArgentinaFil: Lodden Økland, Arnfnn. Pharmaq Analytiq; Norueg

First absolute measurements of fast-ion losses in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak

A new diagnostic technique that allows to obtain absolute fluxes of fast-ion losses measured with absolutely calibrated scintillator based fast-ion loss detectors (FILD) is presented here. First absolute fluxes of fast-ion losses have been obtained in the ASDEX Upgrade tokamak. An instrument function that includes the scintillator efficiency, collimator geometry, optical transmission and camera efficiency has been constructed. The scintillator response to deuterium ions in the relevant energy range of fast-ions has been characterized using a tandem accelerator. Absolute flux of neutral beam injection (NBI) prompt losses has been obtained in magnetohydrodynamic quiescent plasmas. The temporal evolution of the heat load measured with FILD follows that measured at the FILD entrance obtained with an Infra-Red camera looking at the FILD detector head. ASCOT simulations are in good agreement with the absolute heat load of NBI prompt losses measured with FILD.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad RYC-2011-09152, FIS2015-69362-P, ENE2012-31087EUROfusion Consortium PCIG11-GA-2012- 321455Comunidad Europea de la Energía Atómica 63305

Challenges in confirming eradication success of invasive red-eared sliders

12 páginas, 4 figuras, 3 tablasConfirming eradication success can be notoriously difficult and costly, especially when the species is still present but remains undetected, due to very low population densities and imperfect detection methods. There has been a lack of research on appropriate guidelines and estimation procedures for declaring eradication success for programs aimed at eradicating alien reptiles. Here we develop quantitative rules for confirmation monitoring in eradication campaigns of the red-eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta elegans). We used a database of slider trapping data from control and eradication campaigns conducted in localities across the Iberian Peninsula and southern France to construct models for inferring appropriate trapping efforts for confirming slider turtle eradication. Basking traps were slightly more efficient than net traps in capturing sliders, although trapping was an inefficient monitoring method given the low capture probabilities estimated. The results of our spatially-explicit eradication scenarios revealed the importance of habitat configuration in declaring eradication success. Declaration of eradication success is contingent on the thresholds set to minimise false positives (i.e., falsely declaring eradication successful), but in any scenario large trapping efforts were required to confirm eradication. Given the low estimated capture probabilities, alternative methods such as eDNA and visual surveys should be considered for monitoring sliders. We suggest that if the costs associated with the impact of alien sliders can be adequately estimated, then eradication can be confirmed by rules minimising both false positive and negative error rates. Otherwise., rules minimising false positive errors would be more appropriate.This research was conducted thanks to the Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources Invasive Plants and Animals Research Project When to stop: Defining rules for surveillance of red-eared slider turtles (Victoria State Government, Australia).Peer reviewe

2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales.

Correction to: 2021 Taxonomic update of phylum Negarnaviricota (Riboviria: Orthornavirae), including the large orders Bunyavirales and Mononegavirales. Archives of Virology (2021) 166:3567–3579. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-021-05266-wIn March 2021, following the annual International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) ratification vote on newly proposed taxa, the phylum Negarnaviricota was amended and emended. The phylum was expanded by four families (Aliusviridae, Crepuscuviridae, Myriaviridae, and Natareviridae), three subfamilies (Alpharhabdovirinae, Betarhabdovirinae, and Gammarhabdovirinae), 42 genera, and 200 species. Thirty-nine species were renamed and/or moved and seven species were abolished. This article presents the updated taxonomy of Negarnaviricota as now accepted by the ICTV.This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC prime contract with the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. This work was also supported in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), under Contract No. 75N91019D00024, Task Order No. 75N91019F00130 to I.C., who was supported by the Clinical Monitoring Research Program Directorate, Frederick National Lab for Cancer Research. This work was also funded in part by Contract No. HSHQDC-15-C-00064 awarded by DHS S&T for the management and operation of The National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center, a federally funded research and development center operated by the Battelle National Biodefense Institute (V.W.); and NIH contract HHSN272201000040I/HHSN27200004/D04 and grant R24AI120942 (N.V., R.B.T.). S.S. acknowledges partial support from the Special Research Initiative of Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), Mississippi State University, and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494. Part of this work was supported by the Francis Crick Institute which receives its core funding from Cancer Research UK (FC001030), the UK Medical Research Council (FC001030), and the Wellcome Trust (FC001030).S