Clinical Appearance and Histopathological Analysis of Tongue Lesions.

INTRODUCTION: In our study, demographic, clinical and histopathological results of patients with tonguelesions were analyzed retrospectively and compared with the currentliterature. METHODS: This study was conducted in Otorhinolaryngology clinic between January2013 and December2018. Histopathological findings of these lesions were recorded based on the biopsy of the patients with lesion in the tongue. The recorded data were evaluated according to age,gender,frequency of benign and malignantpathologies, localization of tongue lesions, morphological appearance and histopathology. RESULTS: A total of261patients(mean age52.45years)who presented to our clinic with the complaint of lesion were included in the study. Of these patients, 139were female(53.25%) and 122were male(46.75%). Of the benign lesions, 118were female(84.89%) and 102(83.60%) were male. The age group with most common benign pathologies is40.6% in the 40-59 age range. malignant lesions, it was found to be34.5% in the age range of60-79. According to the histopathology of benign lesions; 20.8%had acanthosis/parakeratosis, 20.5%fibroepithelial polyp and 20%papilloma. The frequency distribution in malignant lesions is;most commonly SCC was present in80.5%of thecases, followed by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with a rate of7.3%. The distribution of these lesions according to their localizations; lateral border with34.8% and dorsum with34% DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In daily practice, The examination of patients presenting with a long-term lesion, the appearance of the lesion, and the histopathological analysis help to categorize the type of lesion. According to our results, most of the tongue lesions are benign lesions but it should be kept in mind that a lesion with vegetative, leukoplakia and ulcerative appearance in the tongue may be a preliminary finding of malignant pathology

Expression of antimicrobial peptides in recurrent adenotonsillitis

Kilic, Murat/0000-0002-1377-2021; aydin, sedat/0000-0003-4939-5026; demir, mehmet/0000-0002-0609-6782WOS: 000393197500008Background: Recurrent acute tonsillitis is one of the most frequent otorhinolaryngology clinic referrals, yet its pathogenesis remains poorly understood. Antimicrobial cationic peptides are components of the innate system. They are generally small, highly positively charged peptides with broad spectrum antimicrobial activity which function as the body's "natural antibiotics". Our aim is to investigate the role of antimicrobial cationic peptides in the susceptibility of patients to recurrent acute tonsillitis. Materials and methods: The study is done with 100 children who had a history of recurrent adenotonsillitis as subject group and 100 children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy as control group. Tonsillar and adenoid tissues are dissected into parts as deep and surface epithelium and investigated semiquantitatively with immunohistochemistry. Human beta defensin (hBD) 1-3 and cathelecidin (LL-37) levels are compared with microscopically. Results: Immunohistochemistry revealed a strong expression of hBD-1, hBD-2 and hBD-3 in tonsillar tissue. Quantification of hBD-1, hBD-2 and hBD-3 expressions are shown more in tonsillar tissue than in adenoids. LL-37 is one of the antimicrobial peptides found in human tonsillar tissue and adenoids, that participates in the innate immune system of these tissues. Statistically, hBD-1, hBD-3 and LL-37 expressions were different in recurrent tonsillitis tissue than control (p < 0.05). Moreover hBD-2 expression was different in adenoid tissue than control (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Antimicrobial peptides have key role in adenotonsillar infections and this defense mechanism increases susceptibility to recurrent infections in upper respiratory tract

Analysis of the common genetic component of large-vessel vasculitides through a meta- Immunochip strategy

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) are major forms of large-vessel vasculitis (LVV) that share clinical features. To evaluate their genetic similarities, we analysed Immunochip genotyping data from 1,434 LVV patients and 3,814 unaffected controls. Genetic pleiotropy was also estimated. The HLA region harboured the main disease-specific associations. GCA was mostly associated with class II genes (HLA-DRB1/HLA-DQA1) whereas TAK was mostly associated with class I genes (HLA-B/MICA). Both the statistical significance and effect size of the HLA signals were considerably reduced in the cross-disease meta-analysis in comparison with the analysis of GCA and TAK separately. Consequently, no significant genetic correlation between these two diseases was observed when HLA variants were tested. Outside the HLA region, only one polymorphism located nearby the IL12B gene surpassed the study-wide significance threshold in the meta-analysis of the discovery datasets (rs755374, P?=?7.54E-07; ORGCA?=?1.19, ORTAK?=?1.50). This marker was confirmed as novel GCA risk factor using four additional cohorts (PGCA?=?5.52E-04, ORGCA?=?1.16). Taken together, our results provide evidence of strong genetic differences between GCA and TAK in the HLA. Outside this region, common susceptibility factors were suggested, especially within the IL12B locus

The Views of Turkish Language Teachers on Distance Education and Digital Literacy during Covid-19 Pandemic

Distance education, which provides flexibility in the learning environment, is an important learning model that complements face-to-face education. However, during the unanticipated Covid-19 pandemic, the distance education model was employed as an alternative instruction model, albeit temporarily, and certain problems were experienced in this process. In this context, the views of the Turkish language teachers on distance education and digital literacy in Turkey, where average population is quite young and the impact of the pandemic was substantial, was investigated in the present study. The study was conducted with the phenomenological design, a qualitative research method, and the study group included middle school Turkish language teachers who conducted distance education during the four months of the pandemic process. In the study, a semi-structured interview form, developed by the authors, was employed as the data collection instrument, and the collected data were analyzed with content analysis. The study findings revealed problems such as student attendance; digital problems such as Internet connectivity, infrastructure, and system; interaction, interest and commitment; literacy problems such as inability of distance education to improve written expression skills of the students; inadequate synchronous/online class count and duration, and poor parent-student-teacher cooperation. Based on these findings, it was recommended to design multimedia material that allow bidirectional interaction and improve inter-institutional cooperation to solve digital problems

Gruplar İçin Teknolojik Tasarım Uygulamalarını Değerlendirmeye Yönelik Bir Analitik Rubrik Çalışması

Eğitimcilerin üzerinde önemle çalıştıkları konulardan biri de ölçme değerlendirme konusudur. Özellikle günümüzde eğitimciler tarafından “öğrenme amaçlı ölçme değerlendirme” anlayışının benimsendiği görülmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı da öğretmenler için bir değerlendirme aracı öğrenciler için de yol haritası niteliği taşıyacak bir analitik Rubrik geliştirmektir. Bunun için nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden gözlem, görüşme ve doküman incelemesinin yer aldığı üçgenleme seçilmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcı grubunu dördüncü sınıf öğretmen adayları (N=32), yedinci sınıf (N=28) ve sekizinci sınıf (N=24) ortaokul öğrencileri ile öğretim teknolojileri ve fen eğitimi alanındaki birer uzman (N=2) oluşturmaktadır. Rubriğin geliştirilmesine yönelik uygulamalar dördüncü sınıf öğretmen adayları ve ortaokul sekizinci sınıf öğrencileri ile yapılmıştır. Rubriğin iç tutarlılığı ve kapsam geçerliği için uzman görüşlerine başvurulmuştur. Güvenirlik çalışmaları ise ortaokul yedinci sınıf öğrencileri ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda geliştirilen rubrik üç ana Performans Göstergesi altında toplamda 10 Performans Göstergesinden oluşmaktadır. Katılımcıların performansları, geliştirilen rubrik kullanılarak araştırmacılar ve fen eğitimi alan uzmanı tarafından puanlamıştır. Puanlayıcıların verdiği puanların tutarlığı basit doğrusal korelasyon tekniği kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda puanlayıcılar tarafından öğrencilere verilen puanlar arasındaki ilişki açısından pearson korelasyon katsayılarının 0,83 ile 0,97 arasında değiştiği ve bu ilişkilerin α=0,01 düzeyinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu sonuç geliştirilen rubriğin kullanılabilir olduğunu göstermektedir.Anahtar Kelimeler: teknoloji, tasarım, rubrik, ölçme değerlendirme</p