63 research outputs found
VALIDATION OF HPLC METHOD FOR SIMULTANEOUS DETERMINATION OF PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HCl, GUAIFENESIN, CHLORPHENIRAMINE MALEATE AND DEXTROMETHORPHAN HBr
Objectives: Pseudoephedrine HCl, Guaifenesin, Chlorpheniramine Maleate and Dextromethorphan HBr combination is a common combination cough syrup. Many validated methods are available for the determination of each compound alone and in combination with other drugs. The local pharmaceutical industry used to analyze such combination in individual assessment which is efforts and time consuming. The objective of this study is to validate a method for simultaneous determinations of the four compounds in one single injection.
Methods: HPLC method had been develop using detector at 210 nm, column C18 4.6 mm × 250 mm, 3µm and mobile phase of Potassium dihydrogen orthophosphate, acetonitrile, orthophosphoric acid, triethanolamine and water. The column oven temperature is 400C, flow rate 0.8 ml/min and 60 minutes run time. The method had been validated according to the ICH guidelines with respect to method specificity, linearity and range, precision, accuracy and robustness. Limit of detection, quantitation limit and solution stability had been assessed.
Results: The average retention times the 4 compounds are 5.5, 12.63, 15.85, 50.44 minutes. The RSD% is less than 1%, the theoretical plates is more than 2000, the tailing factor is not more than 2 and the resolution between the peaks was found to be above 20. The Method showed an appropriate linearity having correlation coefficient r2 0.9996 – 0.9998. The RSD% of results for two analysts in two different apparatus in two days was less than 2. The test solution is stable for 48 hours.
Conclusion: The method is simple and fulfilled all acceptable criteria for all validation parameters. The method is qualified enough to be used for routine analysis of products containing the four components.
Peer Review History:
Received: 2 September 2020; Revised: 12 October; Accepted: 23 October, Available online: 15 November 2020
Academic Editor: Rola Jadallah, Arab American University, Palestine, [email protected]
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Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.0/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewer(s) detail:
Dr. Vijay Kumar Singh, Institute of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India, [email protected]
Dr. Showkat Ahmad Bhawani, UNIMAS Sarawak Malaysia, [email protected]
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Exploring the Power and Promise of In Silico Clinical Trials with Application in COVID-19 Infection
Background: COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically engulfed the world causing catastrophic damage to human society. Several therapeutic and vaccines have been suggested for the disease in the past months, with over 150 clinical trials currently running or under process. Nevertheless, these trials are extremely expensive and require a long time, which presents the need for alternative cost-effective methods to tackle this urgent requirement for validated therapeutics and vaccines. Bearing this in mind, here we assess the use of in silico clinical trials as a significant development in the field of clinical research, which holds the possibility to reduce the time and cost needed for clinical trials on COVID-19 and other diseases.
Methods: Using the PubMed database, we analyzed six relevant scientific articles regarding the possible application of in silico clinical trials in testing the therapeutic and investigational methods of managing different diseases.
Results: Successful use of in silico trials was observed in many of the reviewed evidence.
Conclusion: In silico clinical trials can be used in refining clinical trials for COVID-19 infection.
Keywords: in silico, clinical trials, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, vaccine Ho
Protein quality and physical characteristics of Kisra (fermented sorghum pancake-like flatbread) made from tannin and non-tannin sorghum cultivars
Kisra is a naturally lactic acid bacteria- and yeast-fermented sorghum
thin pancake-like flatbread produced in Sudan. Kisra has considerable
potential as the basis for development of a gluten-free sandwich wrap. To
help direct cultivar selection for commercial production of these products,
two white, tan plant non-tannin Type I, one white Type II tannin, and one
red Type III tannin sorghum cultivars were evaluated with respect to kisra
protein quality and physical characteristics. Kisra from the non-tannin
sorghums were flexible and had an open-textured structure with many
regular gas cells, whereas those from the tannin sorghums were more
brittle, denser in structure, and contained far fewer and smaller gas cells.
Kisra from the tannin sorghums had the lowest reactive lysine content, in
vitro protein digestibility, and Protein Digestibility Corrected Amino
Score (PDCAAS), with values being lowest for the Type III sorghum.
PDCAAS of kisra from the Type III sorghum was only 0.12, less than
half of that from the Type I sorghums. As the tannins in tannin sorghums
adversely affect kisra protein quality and physical characteristics, white
tan plant, non-tannin sorghum cultivars are most suitable for kisra production
and for development of wrap-type sorghum-based baked goods.The South African National Research Foundation for a fellowship
for AMAE.http://cerealchemistry.aaccnet.or
Characteristics of Critically-Ill Patients at Two Tertiary Care Hospitals in Sudan
Objectives: Knowledge of intensive care unit (ICU) admission patterns and characteristics is necessary for the development of critical care services, particularly in low-resource settings. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of critically-ill patients admitted to ICUs in Sudan. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted between February and May 2017 in the ICUs of two government tertiary care hospitals in
Khartoum, Sudan. A total of 100 consecutive adult patients admitted to the ICUs were included in the study. The patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics and Acute Physiologic Assessment and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) scores upon admission were recorded, as well as the reason for admission, presence of any underlying comorbidities, interventional requirements like mechanical ventilation or haemodialysis, length of stay in the ICU and patient outcome. Results: Of the sample, 58% were female and 42% were male. The mean age was 47.4 ± 18.3 years old. Upon admission, the mean APACHE II score was 14.2 ± 9.6. In total, 54% of the patients had no known underlying comorbidities. The most common reasons for ICU admission were neurological diseases (27%), sepsis or infectious diseases (19%) and postoperative management (12%). Mechanical ventilation and haemodialysis were required by 35% and 11% of the patients, respectively. The average length of stay was 10.0 ± 7.2 days and the mortality rate was 24%. Conclusion: Most of the patients admitted to the ICUs were middle-aged females with no known underlying comorbidities. Larger studies are necessary to provide a comprehensive understanding of the critical care needs of Sudanese hospitals.
Keywords: Intensive Care Units; Patient Admission, trends; Critical Care Outcomes; Developing Countries; Sudan
Establishment of Hematological Reference intervals for healthy Children in Elobied City, Sudan
Hemogram Reference intervals are established since a healthy population is critical to accurately interpret laboratory tests, which include Hemoglobin estimation, Red blood cells count and indices, White blood cells count and differential in addition to Platelets count. This study aims to establish the reference interval of the complete hemogram amongst healthy Sudanese children in Elobied city, Sudan. A descriptive cross-sectional study included 354 healthy children, aged between 3 to 17 years, who were categorized into three groups according to age. A questionnaire was fulfilled, EDTA anti-coagulated venous blood sample was collected from each child then the complete hemogram was performed automated hematological analyzer (Sysmex Xp 300), Finally, Data was analyzed by a software program (SPSS version 21). The hematological reference intervals for healthy children [Hb g/dl, HCT%, RBCs count x106μL, MCV/fL ,MCH /pg., MCHC g/dl ,WBCs count x10³/μL, Neutrophil count%, Eosinophil count %, Basophile count %, lymphocyte count ,Monocytes count%, RDW CV and PLTs count×10³/μL] are [(12.4±1.2),(37±4),(5.0 ±0.4), (82±5.0), (26±3.0), (32±3.0) ,(7.0±2.0) (47±10), (1±0.1) ,(0±0),(45± 10),(7 ± 4), (13±1.8) &(227±91)] respectively. The hematological RI for healthy children in Elobied was established in this study to be representative of this population, there was a significant gender-based difference in all the evaluated hematological parameters, they were found to be higher in males than in females except for basophil (%). Finally, the results of this study would shed a light on the importance of establishing RI for the children population in Elobied
Cordycepin for Health and Wellbeing: A Potent Bioactive Metabolite of an Entomopathogenic Medicinal Fungus Cordyceps with Its Nutraceutical and Therapeutic Potential
Cordyceps is a rare naturally occurring entomopathogenic fungus usually found at high altitudes on the Himalayan plateau and a well-known medicinal mushroom in traditional Chinese medicine. Cordyceps contains various bioactive components, out of which, cordycepin is considered most vital, due to its utmost therapeutic as well as nutraceutical potential. Moreover, the structure similarity of cordycepin with adenosine makes it an important bioactive component, with difference of only hydroxyl group, lacking in the 3′ position of its ribose moiety. Cordycepin is known for various nutraceutical and therapeutic potential, such as anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemia, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-aging, anticancer, antiviral, hepato-protective, hypo-sexuality, cardiovascular diseases, antimalarial, anti-osteoporotic, anti-arthritic, cosmeceutical etc. which makes it a most valuable medicinal mushroom for helping in maintaining good health. In this review, effort has been made to bring altogether the possible wide range of cordycepin’s nutraceutical potential along with its pharmacological actions and possible mechanism. Additionally, it also summarizes the details of cordycepin based nutraceuticals predominantly available in the market with expected global value. Moreover, this review will attract the attention of food scientists, nutritionists, pharmaceutical and food industries to improve the use of bioactive molecule cordycepin for nutraceutical purposes with commercialization to aid and promote healthy lifestyle, wellness and wellbeing
PTFEP-Al2O3 hybrid nanowires reducing thrombosis and biofouling
Thrombosis and bacterial infection are major problems in cardiovascular implants. Here we demonstrated that a superhydrophobic surface composed of poly(bis(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)phosphazene) (PTFEP)-Al2O3 hybrid nanowires (NWs) is effective to reduce both platelet adhesion/activation and bacterial adherence/colonization. The proposed approach allows surface modification of cardiovascular implants which have 3D complex geometries. © 2019 The Royal Society of Chemistry
African neuroscience on the global stage: Nigeria as a model
Of the 572 neuroscience-related studies published in Nigerian from 1996 to 2017, <5% used state-of-the-art techniques, none used transgenic models, and only one study was published in a top-tier journal
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