Pengaruh pola hidup terhadap kejadian toksoplasmosis pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jaten I Kabupaten Karanganyar Jawa Tengah

Pengaruh pola hidup terhadap kejadian toksoplasmosis pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jaten I Kabupaten Karanganyar Jawa Tengah. Skripsi. Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta. Latar Belakang: Wanita hamil yang terinfeksi Toxoplasma gondii dapat menularkan penyakit ini ke janinnya sehingga dapat melahirkan bayi dengan kelainan kongenital. Di seluruh dunia, sudah lebih dari 6 milyar orang yang telah terinfeksi dengan T. gondii. Pola hidup yang dapat meningkatkan terjadinya penularan pada manusia, antara lain kebiasaan makan sayuran mentah dan buah-buahan segar yang dicuci kurang bersih, kebiasaan makan tanpa cuci tangan terlebih dahulu, mengkonsumsi makanan dan minuman yang disajikan tanpa ditutup, atau makan organ dalam hewan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pola hidup terhadap kejadian toksoplasmosis pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jaten I Kabupaten Karanganyar Jawa Tengah. Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat observasional dengan menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Biomedik FK UNS dan Puskesmas Jaten I. Sampel berupa ibu hamil dan darah ibu hamil diambil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jaten I yang diperoleh secara purposive sampling. 89 ibu hamil diberikan kuesioner mengenai pola hidup yang terdiri dari 10 macam pola hidup yakni kontak dengan kucing, kotoran kucing, memelihara kucing, kucing berkeliaran, konsumsi daging setengah matang, konsumsi sayuran mentah, mencuci buah dan sayuran, mencuci tangan, pekerjaan kontak dengan tanah, serta makan di luar rumah. Darah ibu hamil diambil untuk dilakukan uji ELISA di laboratorium Biomedik FK UNS. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji analisis bivariat berupa uji chi-square (α = 0,05). Hasil: Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan adanya pengaruh pola hidup mengkonsumsi sayuran mentah terhadap kejadian toxoplasmosis (p<0,05) dengan odds ratio (OR) sebesar 3,733. Simpulan: Ada pengaruh pola hidup terhadap kejadian toksoplasmosis pada ibu hamil di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Jaten I Kabupaten Karanganyar. Pola hidup yang berpengaruh terhadap kejadian toksoplasmosis pada ibu hamil adalah mengkonsumsi sayuran mentah. Keywords: Toksoplasmosis, pola hidup, ibu hami

STR-808: RE-TESTING OF A FIRE-DAMAGED BRIDGE

A proof load test was performed on a fire-damaged bridge in October 2008 and its load capacity was confirmed. The bridge was then re-opened for full traffic shortly after the load test. It was further repaired in 2009 which included concrete patching and carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) warping of 6 girders in the main span. The bridge is located at one of the busiest highways of the country with many heavy trucks passing daily. Also, reinforced concrete could deteriorate much faster than usual after the fire accident. In 2014, the Bridge Office was requested to re-test the bridge in order to re-confirm its performance. The re-testing of the bridge was carried out in November 2014, 6 years after the first load test. The objective of this test was to re-confirm the bridge performance. Therefore, strain gauges and linear voltage displacement transducers (LVDT) were installed on the bridge at the locations almost identical to that installed in 2008’s load test. The applied loads were also similar to that from the original load test. This second load test was successfully completed and the load effects from both load tests were compared. It was observed that the bridge performances in 2008 and 2014 were similar. Therefore, the conclusions from the 2008 load test are still applicable

Distinct mechanisms of Drosophila CRYPTOCHROME-mediated light-evoked membrane depolarization and in vivo clock resetting.

Drosophila CRYPTOCHROME (dCRY) mediates electrophysiological depolarization and circadian clock resetting in response to blue or ultraviolet (UV) light. These light-evoked biological responses operate at different timescales and possibly through different mechanisms. Whether electron transfer down a conserved chain of tryptophan residues underlies biological responses following dCRY light activation has been controversial. To examine these issues in in vivo and in ex vivo whole-brain preparations, we generated transgenic flies expressing tryptophan mutant dCRYs in the conserved electron transfer chain and then measured neuronal electrophysiological phototransduction and behavioral responses to light. Electrophysiological-evoked potential analysis shows that dCRY mediates UV and blue-light-evoked depolarizations that are long lasting, persisting for nearly a minute. Surprisingly, dCRY appears to mediate red-light-evoked depolarization in wild-type flies, absent in both cry-null flies, and following acute treatment with the flavin-specific inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium in wild-type flies. This suggests a previously unsuspected functional signaling role for a neutral semiquinone flavin state (FADH•) for dCRY. The W420 tryptophan residue located closest to the FAD-dCRY interaction site is critical for blue- and UV-light-evoked electrophysiological responses, while other tryptophan residues within electron transfer distance to W420 do not appear to be required for light-evoked electrophysiological responses. Mutation of the dCRY tryptophan residue W342, more distant from the FAD interaction site, mimics the cry-null behavioral light response to constant light exposure. These data indicate that light-evoked dCRY electrical depolarization and clock resetting are mediated by distinct mechanisms

Collision-Induced Spin Depolarization of Alkali-metal Atoms in Cold 3^3He Gas

We present a joint experimental and theoretical study of spin depolarization in collisions of alkali-metal atoms with $^3$He in a magnetic field. A rigorous quantum theory for spin-changing transitions is developed and applied to calculate the spin exchange and spin relaxation rates of Li and K atoms in cryogenic $^3$He gas. Magnetic trapping experiments provide upper bounds to the spin exchange rates for Li-$^3$He and K-$^3$He, which are in agreement with the present theory. Our calculations demonstrate that the alkali-metal atoms have extremely slow spin depolarization rates, suggesting a number of potential applications in precision spectroscopy and quantum optics.Physic

The delineation of intraprostatic boost regions for radiotherapy using multimodality imaging.

Dose escalation to the prostate improves tumor control but at the expense of increased rectal toxicity. Modern imaging can be used to detect the most common site of recurrence, the intraprostatic lesion (IPL), which has led to the concept of focusing dose escalation to the IPL in order to improve the therapeutic ratio. Imaging must be able to detect lesions with adequate sensitivity and specificity to accurately delineate the IPL. This information must be carefully integrated into the radiotherapy planning process to ensure the dose is targeted to the IPL. This review will consider the role and challenges of multiparametric MRI and PET computed tomography in delineating a tumor boost to be delivered by external beam radiotherapy

Formation and dynamics of van der Waals molecules in buffer-gas traps

We show that weakly bound He-containing van der Waals molecules can be produced and magnetically trapped in buffer-gas cooling experiments, and provide a general model for the formation and dynamics of these molecules. Our analysis shows that, at typical experimental parameters, thermodynamics favors the formation of van der Waals complexes composed of a helium atom bound to most open-shell atoms and molecules, and that complex formation occurs quickly enough to ensure chemical equilibrium. For molecular pairs composed of a He atom and an S-state atom, the molecular spin is stable during formation, dissociation, and collisions, and thus these molecules can be magnetically trapped. Collisional spin relaxation is too slow to affect trap lifetimes. However, 3He-containing complexes can change spin due to adiabatic crossings between trapped and untrapped Zeeman states, mediated by the anisotropic hyperfine interaction, causing trap loss. We provide a detailed model for Ag3He molecules, using ab initio calculation of Ag–He interaction potentials and spin interactions, quantum scattering theory, and direct Monte Carlo simulations to describe formation and spin relaxation in this system. The calculated rate of spin-change agrees quantitatively with experimental observations, providing indirect evidence for molecular formation in buffer-gas-cooled magnetic traps. Finally, we discuss the possibilities for spectroscopic detection of these complexes, including a calculation of expected spectra for Ag3He, and report on our spectroscopic search for Ag3He, which produced a null result.Astronom

Association between acoustic features and brain volumes: the Framingham Heart Study

IntroductionAlthough brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valuable tool for investigating structural changes in the brain associated with neurodegeneration, the development of non-invasive and cost-effective alternative methods for detecting early cognitive impairment is crucial. The human voice has been increasingly used as an indicator for effectively detecting cognitive disorders, but it remains unclear whether acoustic features are associated with structural neuroimaging.MethodsThis study aims to investigate the association between acoustic features and brain volume and compare the predictive power of each for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in a large community-based population. The study included participants from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) who had at least one voice recording and an MRI scan. Sixty-five acoustic features were extracted with the OpenSMILE software (v2.1.3) from each voice recording. Nine MRI measures were derived according to the FHS MRI protocol. We examined the associations between acoustic features and MRI measures using linear regression models adjusted for age, sex, and education. Acoustic composite scores were generated by combining acoustic features significantly associated with MRI measures. The MCI prediction ability of acoustic composite scores and MRI measures were compared by building random forest models and calculating the mean area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 10-fold cross-validation.ResultsThe study included 4,293 participants (age 57 ± 13 years, 53.9% women). During 9.3 ± 3.7 years follow-up, 106 participants were diagnosed with MCI. Seven MRI measures were significantly associated with more than 20 acoustic features after adjusting for multiple testing. The acoustic composite scores can improve the AUC for MCI prediction to 0.794, compared to 0.759 achieved by MRI measures.DiscussionWe found multiple acoustic features were associated with MRI measures, suggesting the potential for using acoustic features as easily accessible digital biomarkers for the early diagnosis of MCI

Strangeness Production in pp and pn Reactions at COSY

The COoler SYnchrotron COSY-J\"ulich delivers phase-space cooled, polarized proton and deuteron beams with momenta up to p=3.65 GeV/c. Various experiments on hadron-induced strangeness production on proton, neutron and nuclear targets have been carried out. Here we report about recent results on associated strangeness production in pp -> KYN (Y= Lambda,Sigma) reactions, on K^+ production in pn collisions, and on K K-bar pair production in pp interactions. We also briefly discuss possible measurements to disentangle the parity of the recently discovered pentaquark state Theta^+, the spin dependence of the YN interaction, as well as planned experiments which aim at the determination of the a_0-f_0 mixing matrix element, a quantity which is believed to be sensitive to the nature of the light scalar mesons a_0/f_0(980).Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures; Proc. VIII Int. Conf. on Hypernuclear and Strange Particle Physics, JLab, Oct. 14 - 18, 200

Psychological interventions in asthma

Asthma is a multifactorial chronic respiratory disease characterised by recurrent episodes of airway obstruction. The current management of asthma focuses principally on pharmacological treatments, which have a strong evidence base underlying their use. However, in clinical practice, poor symptom control remains a common problem for patients with asthma. Living with asthma has been linked with psychological co-morbidity including anxiety, depression, panic attacks and behavioural factors such as poor adherence and suboptimal self-management. Psychological disorders have a higher-than-expected prevalence in patients with difficult-to-control asthma. As psychological considerations play an important role in the management of people with asthma, it is not surprising that many psychological therapies have been applied in the management of asthma. There are case reports which support their use as an adjunct to pharmacological therapy in selected individuals, and in some clinical trials, benefit is demonstrated, but the evidence is not consistent. When findings are quantitatively synthesised in meta-analyses, no firm conclusions are able to be drawn and no guidelines recommend psychological interventions. These inconsistencies in findings may in part be due to poor study design, the combining of results of studies using different interventions and the diversity of ways patient benefit is assessed. Despite this weak evidence base, the rationale for psychological therapies is plausible, and this therapeutic modality is appealing to both patients and their clinicians as an adjunct to conventional pharmacological treatments. What are urgently required are rigorous evaluations of psychological therapies in asthma, on a par to the quality of pharmaceutical trials. From this evidence base, we can then determine which interventions are beneficial for our patients with asthma management and more specifically which psychological therapy is best suited for each patient