The Urban Hospital and the Postindustrial City : driving Forces behind a spatial integration of the new university hospital area in Malmo, Sweden

Sjukhuset som institution och sjukhusområdet som plats har under en lång tid vänt sig aningen inåt från resten av staden men under de senaste 20 åren har en trend med visioner om att integrera sjukhusområden mer i staden vuxit fram. Teorier framhäver en sammanflätning av universitet, sjukhus, näringslivet som viktiga delar i en regional tillväxtpolitik som syftar till att skapa konkurrenskraftiga och innovativa regioner i en postindustriell kunskapsera. Teorier om det offentliga rummet betonar ord som gemensamhet, öppenhet och tillgänglighet men samtidigt beskrivs tendenser där det offentliga rummet snarare beskrivs som en arena för att skapa innovation och tillväxt. Samtidigt lyfter teorier om evidensbaserad design den fysiska utemiljöns påverkan på patienternas hälsa. Med Nya sjukhusområdet i Malmö som fallstudie undersöker denna studie drivkrafter och argument bakom visionerna om ett sjukhusområde integrerat i staden. En ökad närvaro av universitet och företag inom livsvetenskapsnäringen har som en del av stadens arbete med att omvandla sig till kunskapsstad etablerats på området och byggandet av citytunneln ger sjukhusområdet en central roll i Öresundsregionen. Dessutom bedrivs ett arbete med att skapa vårdande utemiljöer utefter evidensbaserad design och miljöpsykologisk forskning som ofta betonar det urbana och stadsmässiga som sämre miljöer för återhämtning jämfört med naturen. För att undersöka detta har planerings- och visionsdokument från Malmö Stad och Region Skåne analyserats i en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatet visar på mål att uppnå synergieffekter mellan universitet, sjukhus och näringsliv vilket delvis förväntas ta fysiska uttryck i stadsrummet och påverkar diskursen kring det offentliga rummet. Detta kan i sin tur ses som en del av en nyliberal diskurs och en regional tillväxtpolitik som syftar till att skapa konkurrenskraftiga regioner i kunskapsekonomins era. En viss konflikt mellan ett ökat stadsliv på området och möjligheten till vårdande utemiljöer identifieras. Samtidigt lyfts stadsintegrationen som en möjlighet för att minska områdets barriäreffekt i staden och öka den upplevda tryggheten, orienterbarheten och tillgängligheten på området för patienter, besökare och personal.The hospital as an institution as well as the hospital area has under a long period of time, in a way been turning itself inwards from the surrounding city. But under the last twenty years, a tendency to work for hospital areas more integrated in the city has been established. Theory underlines the importance of an integration of universities, hospitals and industry as parts of a regional development policy and a neo-liberal discourse with the aim of creating competitive business regions in the postindustrial knowledge based era. Theories of the public sphere emphasizes community, openness and accessibility but meanwhile a neoliberal discourse viewing the public sphere as an arena for creation of innovation and economic growth, is described. Evidence based design theories also points out the outdoor environments effect on patient’s health. Using the new hospital area in Malmo, Sweden as a case study, this study aims to investigate driving forces and tendencies behind the ambitions of an urban hospital area integrated in the city. An increased presence of universities and life-science industry can be seen in the studied hospital area, which in turn can be seen as part of the citys project of turning Malmo into a ”knowledge city”. The city tunnel project gives the hospital area a more central role in the region and enables an increased focus on the ”Öresund Region”. Also, work has been done in creating healing outdoor environments, following evidence based design theories that on the other hand emphasizes the natural as a better setting than the urban in its opportunity to work as restorative and stress reducing. To study this phenomena, planning documents from Malmö Stad and Region Skåne have been analyzed. The result shows that one goal with the integration of the hospital in the city was to reach synergies between university, hospital and industry, which partly expects to be manifested in the urban space and the discourse on the public sphere. This can be seen as part of a neo-liberal discourse and a regional development policy aiming to create competitive businessregions. A conflict between an increased urban setting in the area and the opportunity to create some of the healing outdoor environments, can be found. Meanwhile is the integration in the city also seen as an opportunity to reduce barrier effects in the city and increasing the security and accessibility to the area for patients, visitors, and personnel

Applications of the InChI in cheminformatics with the CDK and Bioclipse.

RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are.BACKGROUND: The InChI algorithms are written in C++ and not available as Java library. Integration into software written in Java therefore requires a bridge between C and Java libraries, provided by the Java Native Interface (JNI) technology. RESULTS: We here describe how the InChI library is used in the Bioclipse workbench and the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) cheminformatics library. To make this possible, a JNI bridge to the InChI library was developed, JNI-InChI, allowing Java software to access the InChI algorithms. By using this bridge, the CDK project packages the InChI binaries in a module and offers easy access from Java using the CDK API. The Bioclipse project packages and offers InChI as a dynamic OSGi bundle that can easily be used by any OSGi-compliant software, in addition to the regular Java Archive and Maven bundles. Bioclipse itself uses the InChI as a key component and calculates it on the fly when visualizing and editing chemical structures. We demonstrate the utility of InChI with various applications in CDK and Bioclipse, such as decision support for chemical liability assessment, tautomer generation, and for knowledge aggregation using a linked data approach. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the InChI library can be used in a variety of Java library dependency solutions, making the functionality easily accessible by Java software, such as in the CDK. The applications show various ways the InChI has been used in Bioclipse, to enrich its functionality

Non-contact Mesoscale Manipulation Using Laser Induced Convection Flows

Abstract — Laser induced convection flows is a new and promising method to achieve better manipulation of mesoscale objects (above 1 µm and below 500 µm) in a liquid medium. The temperature gradient created by laser absorption generates natural and thermocapillary (or Marangoni) convection flows. These flows are used to perform the manipulation itself. In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time that large and heavy particles can be dragged using the Marangoni convection flows. Experiments based on these phenomena show that fast and accurate underwater micromanipulation of particles up to 280 µm is possible using only a convergent 1 480 nm laser beam. I

Vindkraftutbygging i området Overhalla/Flatanger til Surna. Rapport nr. 13: Etterundersøkelser av fugl i områdene Storheia, Frøya, Hitra og Snilldal i 2021

Etter at vindkraftanleggene på Storheia, Frøya og Hitra 2 og 132 kV kraftlinje Hitra 2 – Fillan og Fillan - Snillfjord ble ferdigstilt i 2020, ble det påfølgende år gjennomført undersøkelser av bestandssituasjonen for svartand, storlom, smålom, hønsehauk og hubro. Undersøkelsene ble gjennomført i samme områder og med samme metodikk som ved tilsvarende forundersøkelsene fra 2014-2015. Fire voksne svartender ble registrert i 2021 mot seks i 2015. To hekkinger og henholdsvis to og tre unger av svartand ble påvist i 2021, mot ingen hekkinger i 2015 i de samme områdene. Storlom ble observert på 14 ulike lokaliteter våren 2021, og det ble mot slutten av hekkesesongen til sammen registrert ti unger. I løpet av undersøkelsene fra 2014 og 2015 ble storlom observert i 15 vann med til sammen sju unger. Smålom fikk påvist 15 hekkinger og 21 unger i 2021, mot ti hekkinger og sju unger i 2014-2015. Hønsehauk ble i 2021 påvist i to av fem undersøkte lokaliteter innenfor influensområdet, og det ble produsert to unger på en av disse lokalitetene. Det ble påvist hønsehauk på alle de fem lokalitetene i 2015, og i de fire lokalitetene med kjent ungeproduksjon var det til sammen sju unger. Hubro ble i 2021 påvist på seks av de 12 undersøkte lokalitetene innenfor influensområdet. Tilsvarende ble det i forundersøkelsene 2014-2015 registrert hubro på ti av lokalitetene. Resultater fra referanseområdene er ikke presentert i denne rapporten. Dessuten er dette en delrapport av en større undersøkelse og danner ikke tilstrekkelig grunnlag til å vurdere effekter av vindkraftutbygging på de fem aktuelle fugleartene. Det vil imidlertid bli gjort etter at alle undersøkelser er ferdig i 2026

The Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) v2.0: atom typing, depiction, molecular formulas, and substructure searching

open access articleBackground: The Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) is a widely used open source cheminformatics toolkit, providing data structures to represent chemical concepts along with methods to manipulate such structures and perform computations on them. The library implements a wide variety of cheminformatics algorithms ranging from chemical structure canonicalization to molecular descriptor calculations and pharmacophore perception. It is used in drug discovery, metabolomics, and toxicology. Over the last 10 years, the code base has grown significantly, however, resulting in many complex interdependencies among components and poor performance of many algorithms. Results: We report improvements to the CDK v2.0 since the v1.2 release series, specifically addressing the increased functional complexity and poor performance. We first summarize the addition of new functionality, such atom typing and molecular formula handling, and improvement to existing functionality that has led to significantly better performance for substructure searching, molecular fingerprints, and rendering of molecules. Second, we outline how the CDK has evolved with respect to quality control and the approaches we have adopted to ensure stability, including a code review mechanism. Conclusions: This paper highlights our continued efforts to provide a community driven, open source cheminformatics library, and shows that such collaborative projects can thrive over extended periods of time, resulting in a high-quality and performant library. By taking advantage of community support and contributions, we show that an open source cheminformatics project can act as a peer reviewed publishing platform for scientific computing software

GrassPlot v. 2.00 – first update on the database of multi-scale plant diversity in Palaearctic grasslands

Abstract: GrassPlot is a collaborative vegetation-plot database organised by the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) and listed in the Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD ID EU-00-003). Following a previous Long Database Report (Dengler et al. 2018, Phyto- coenologia 48, 331–347), we provide here the first update on content and functionality of GrassPlot. The current version (GrassPlot v. 2.00) contains a total of 190,673 plots of different grain sizes across 28,171 independent plots, with 4,654 nested-plot series including at least four grain sizes. The database has improved its content as well as its functionality, including addition and harmonization of header data (land use, information on nestedness, structure and ecology) and preparation of species composition data. Currently, GrassPlot data are intensively used for broad-scale analyses of different aspects of alpha and beta diversity in grassland ecosystems

<scp>ReSurveyEurope</scp>: A database of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe

AbstractAimsWe introduce ReSurveyEurope — a new data source of resurveyed vegetation plots in Europe, compiled by a collaborative network of vegetation scientists. We describe the scope of this initiative, provide an overview of currently available data, governance, data contribution rules, and accessibility. In addition, we outline further steps, including potential research questions.ResultsReSurveyEurope includes resurveyed vegetation plots from all habitats. Version 1.0 of ReSurveyEurope contains 283,135 observations (i.e., individual surveys of each plot) from 79,190 plots sampled in 449 independent resurvey projects. Of these, 62,139 (78%) are permanent plots, that is, marked in situ, or located with GPS, which allow for high spatial accuracy in resurvey. The remaining 17,051 (22%) plots are from studies in which plots from the initial survey could not be exactly relocated. Four data sets, which together account for 28,470 (36%) plots, provide only presence/absence information on plant species, while the remaining 50,720 (64%) plots contain abundance information (e.g., percentage cover or cover–abundance classes such as variants of the Braun‐Blanquet scale). The oldest plots were sampled in 1911 in the Swiss Alps, while most plots were sampled between 1950 and 2020.ConclusionsReSurveyEurope is a new resource to address a wide range of research questions on fine‐scale changes in European vegetation. The initiative is devoted to an inclusive and transparent governance and data usage approach, based on slightly adapted rules of the well‐established European Vegetation Archive (EVA). ReSurveyEurope data are ready for use, and proposals for analyses of the data set can be submitted at any time to the coordinators. Still, further data contributions are highly welcome.</jats:sec

FLYGBASSYSTEMETS LOGISTIKUTVECKLING : KALLA KRIGET TILLS IDAG

The aim of this study is to achieve a better understanding of how logistics associated with the unique swedish system of air force tactics, commonly known as the ”Flygbassystemet”, has developed from the cold war up until today. Further the study interests in how the development can be understood through the presence of principles of military operational logistics constructed by Moshe Kress. Through the use of a case study design with qualitative text analysis on manuals from the Swedish armed forces from the time period 1987 until as late as 2018, the study has found that there has been a development in how the system is logistically prepared and supplied. The study indicates that the system during the late 1980´s relied greatly on own support and supplies in storages around the air base. Relatively few resources came from the civilian sector. Nowadays the study indicates that fewer supplies are stored close by to the air base than prior and that logistic support is centralized and supplied via the armed forces logistics units to the air base. Civilian supplies in the shape of food and fuel is also used to much larger extent than prior. This development is also to be found when studying the development of military logistics in NATO during the same time period. Regarding the principles of military logistics the result was relatively unclear and the principles was found to mixed extent when analyzing the manuals. Hence, no further specified conclusions could be drawn from the analysis regarding the presence of principles other than that the principles of flexibility and improvisation were found in all manuals to a large extent

FLYGBASSYSTEMETS LOGISTIKUTVECKLING : KALLA KRIGET TILLS IDAG

The aim of this study is to achieve a better understanding of how logistics associated with the unique swedish system of air force tactics, commonly known as the ”Flygbassystemet”, has developed from the cold war up until today. Further the study interests in how the development can be understood through the presence of principles of military operational logistics constructed by Moshe Kress. Through the use of a case study design with qualitative text analysis on manuals from the Swedish armed forces from the time period 1987 until as late as 2018, the study has found that there has been a development in how the system is logistically prepared and supplied. The study indicates that the system during the late 1980´s relied greatly on own support and supplies in storages around the air base. Relatively few resources came from the civilian sector. Nowadays the study indicates that fewer supplies are stored close by to the air base than prior and that logistic support is centralized and supplied via the armed forces logistics units to the air base. Civilian supplies in the shape of food and fuel is also used to much larger extent than prior. This development is also to be found when studying the development of military logistics in NATO during the same time period. Regarding the principles of military logistics the result was relatively unclear and the principles was found to mixed extent when analyzing the manuals. Hence, no further specified conclusions could be drawn from the analysis regarding the presence of principles other than that the principles of flexibility and improvisation were found in all manuals to a large extent

Applications of the InChI in cheminformatics with the CDK and Bioclipse

RIGHTS : This article is licensed under the BioMed Central licence at http://www.biomedcentral.com/about/license which is similar to the 'Creative Commons Attribution Licence'. In brief you may : copy, distribute, and display the work; make derivative works; or make commercial use of the work - under the following conditions: the original author must be given credit; for any reuse or distribution, it must be made clear to others what the license terms of this work are.Abstract Background The InChI algorithms are written in C++ and not available as Java library. Integration into software written in Java therefore requires a bridge between C and Java libraries, provided by the Java Native Interface (JNI) technology. Results We here describe how the InChI library is used in the Bioclipse workbench and the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) cheminformatics library. To make this possible, a JNI bridge to the InChI library was developed, JNI-InChI, allowing Java software to access the InChI algorithms. By using this bridge, the CDK project packages the InChI binaries in a module and offers easy access from Java using the CDK API. The Bioclipse project packages and offers InChI as a dynamic OSGi bundle that can easily be used by any OSGi-compliant software, in addition to the regular Java Archive and Maven bundles. Bioclipse itself uses the InChI as a key component and calculates it on the fly when visualizing and editing chemical structures. We demonstrate the utility of InChI with various applications in CDK and Bioclipse, such as decision support for chemical liability assessment, tautomer generation, and for knowledge aggregation using a linked data approach. Conclusions These results show that the InChI library can be used in a variety of Java library dependency solutions, making the functionality easily accessible by Java software, such as in the CDK. The applications show various ways the InChI has been used in Bioclipse, to enrich its functionality