Tipo de liderazgo y la gestión educativa de la institución educativa N° 21581 “Decisión Campesina” en la provincia de Barranca - 2014

El problema de investigación fue investigar la El tipo de Liderazgo y la Gestión Educativa de la Institución Educativa N° 21581 “Decisión Campesina” en la Provincia de Barranca -2014, que a través de un sustento teórico debidamente organizado y fundamentado; en el que busco sustentar las bases de mi investigación en antecedentes probados que han dado lugar para lograr demostrar mis objetivos planteados, con el fin de determinar el tipo de liderazgo y la gestión educativa de la Institución Educativa N° 21581 “Decisión Campesina” en la Provincia de Barranca -2014. La metodología empleada en la tesis fue de tipo descriptiva y explicativa, es descriptiva porque relacioné cada uno de las variables y es explicativa porque doy cuenta del porqué de mi objetivo de investigación el cual fue Determinar el tipo de liderazgo y la gestión educativa de la Institución Educativa N° 21581 “Decisión Campesina” en la Provincia de Barranca -2014,comprobando cuales son los efectos que surge de una variable a otra. Se trabajó con una población igual a la muestra no probabilística de 32 docentes de Educación Primaria y Secundaria en la Institución Educativa N° 21581 “Decisión Campesina” de la provincia de Barranca; las técnicas utilizadas para la investigación se basaron en la fichas de encuesta para docentes. Entre las conclusiones encontré que existe una relación significativa entre el Tipo de Liderazgo que ejerce la Dirección con la Gestión Educativa de la Institución Educativa N° 21581 “Decisión Campesina”, situación que permitió aceptar la hipótesis general del estudio

Use of Foundry Sands in the Production of Ceramic and Geopolymers for Sustainable Construction Materials

The aim of this research was to evaluate the possibility of reusing waste foundry sands derived from the production of cast iron as a secondary raw material for the production of building materials obtained both by high-temperature (ceramic tiles and bricks) and room-temperature (binders such as geopolymers) consolidation. This approach can reduce the current demand for quarry sand and/or aluminosilicate precursors from the construction materials industries. Samples for porcelain stoneware and bricks were produced, replacing the standard sand contained in the mixtures with waste foundry sand in percentages of 10%, 50%, and 100% by weight. For geopolymers, the sand was used as a substitution for metakaolin (30, 50, 70 wt%) as an aluminosilicate precursor rather than as an aggregate to obtain geopolymer pastes. Ceramic samples obtained using waste foundry sand were characterized by tests for linear shrinkage, water absorption, and colorimetry. Geopolymers formulations, produced with a Si/Al ratio of 1.8 and Na/Al = 1, were characterized to evaluate their chemical stability through measurements of pH and ionic conductivity, integrity in water, compressive strength, and microstructural analysis. The results show that the addition of foundry sand up to 50% did not significantly affect the chemical-physical properties of the ceramic materials. However, for geopolymers, acceptable levels of chemical stability and mechanical strength were only achieved when using samples made with 30% foundry sand as a replacement for metakaolin

Application proposal for colombian agriculture

En este documento se realiza un análisis y verificación de aplicaciones agrícolas disponibles en Colombia, evaluando su nivel de funcionalidad y usabilidad, con el fin de realizar una propuesta de los elementos que debe de contener una aplicación para el agro, teniendo en cuenta aspectos que no se contemplan en las aplicaciones evaluadas.This document analyzes and verifies agricultural applications available in Colombia, evaluating their level of functionality and usability, in order to make a proposal of the elements that an application for agriculture should contain, taking into account aspects that are not contemplated in the evaluated applications

Propuesta de aplicación para la agricultura Colombiana

This document analyzes and verifies agricultural applications available in Colombia, evaluating their level of functionality and usability, in order to make a proposal of the elements that an application for agriculture should contain, taking into account aspects that are not contemplated in the evaluated applications.        En este documento se realiza un análisis y verificación de aplicaciones agrícolas disponibles en Colombia, evaluando su nivel de funcionalidad y usabilidad, con el fin de realizar una propuesta de los elementos que debe de contener una aplicación para el agro, teniendo en cuenta aspectos que no se contemplan en las aplicaciones evaluada

Foundry sand alkali activation for sustainable construction

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Estudio ictioparasitológico de las especies cachama (Piaractus brachypomus) y mojarra roja (Oreochromis spp.) en el Parque Ecológico “El Portal”, municipio de Rionegro, Santander

Comercial fish production in Rionegro, Santander, Colombia is a important issue to regional economy, however, these are not subjet studies about association of pathologies with mortalities showed in fish which would be important to impone productivity. The insure of the study was to confirm by histopathology the presence of parasites on Mojarra Roja (Oreochromis spp.) and Cachama (Piaractus brachypomus). 50 mative fish from a commercial piscicola were taken and samples (heart, gills, muscle, skin, gonads, kidney, bile vesicle, liver, brain, stomach and eyes) from then were processed by histopathologic with hematoxilin-eosine, to determine parasitic infestation. Parasitic infestation was correlated with ph, turbidity and temperature of water. The datas were analized by descriptive statistics. Macroscopic lesions founded in Mojarra Red (Oreochromis spp.) were yellowing pale liver, gall bladder, intestines pletórica congested and congested gills and in Cachama (Piaracuts brachypomus) were congested gills, yellowing pale liver, stomach and intestines congested. Data from Oreochromis spp. showed that as temperature and turbity low, parasitism and parasitism related lesions on gills raises while Piaractus brachypomus seens to be resistant to temperature and turbity changes. In both cases (Oreochromis and Piaractus brachypomus) other that gills-related lesions seems to be associated with nutricional on bacterial causes.En Santander, y específicamente en el municipio de Rionegro, la industria piscícola ocupa un renglón importante en la economía; no obstante, no existen estudios donde se asocie la presencia de parásitos en mojarra roja (Oreochromis spp.) y Cachama (Piaractus rachypomus) a patologías de etiología incierta causantes de mortalidades y pérdidas económicas en la producción.El objetivo de la investigación fue confirmar por histopatología la presencia de parásitos en cachama y mojarra roja. Se tomaron 50 animales adultos en el Parque Ecológico “El Portal”, los cuales fueron procesados por histopatología con hematoxilina-eosina, analizando órganos como branquias, corazón, hígado, cerebro, estómago, músculo, piel, vesícula biliar, gónadas, riñón y ojos, para determinar la infestación parasítica que fue correlacionada con pH, turbidez y temperatura del agua. Las lesiones macroscópicas que se encontraron en las mojarras fueron branquias congestionadas, hígado con coloración amarillenta pálida, vesícula biliar pletórica e intestinos congestionados. En las cachamas las lesiones fueron branquias congestionadas, hígado con coloración amarillenta pálida,estómago congestionado e intestinos congestionados. Se puede analizar que las mojarras roja en el estanque 1, con respecto al estanque 2, las bajas de temperaturas y la baja turbidez en el agua aumentan la presencia de parasitismo y se asocian las lesiones macroscópicas en branquias a la presencia de parásitos y las otras lesiones se atribuyen a problemas bacterianos y nutricionales. En las cachamas, contrario a lo sucedido con las mojarras, hay más presencia de parasitismo en el estanque 2 con respecto al 1; sin embargo, esta presencia parasítica es de muy baja significancia pues equivale a dos casos de doce muestras analizadas; es probable que esta especie sea ajena a los rangos de temperatura y turbidez presentados en estos estanques, así mismo, se asocian las lesiones macroscópicas en branquias a la presencia de parásitos y las otras lesiones se atribuyen a problemas bacterianos y nutricionales

Combining photocatalytic collection and degradation of microplastics using self-asymmetric Pac-Man TiO2

Microplastics are a significant environmental threat and the lack of efficient removal techniques further amplifies this crisis. Photocatalytic semiconducting nanoparticles have the potential to degrade micropollutants, among them microplastics. The hydrodynamic effects leading to the propulsion of micromotors can lead to the accumulation of microplastics in close vicinity of the micromotor. Incorporating these different properties into a single photocatalytic micromotor (self-propulsion, phoretic assembly of passive colloids and photocatalytic oxidation of contaminants), we achieve a highly scalable, inherently-asymmetric Pac-Man TiO 2 micromotor with the ability to actively collect and degrade microplastics. The target microplastics are homogeneous polystyrene microspheres (PS) to facilitate the optical degradation measurements. We cross-correlate the degradation with catalytic activity studies and critically evaluate the timescales required for all involved processes

Techniques for Steamflooding improvement

One of the main challenges in developing a process of continuous steam injection is to control the injection profile. Said profile is strongly affected by steam channeling to “thief zones” and the gravitational effect of override, both are characterized by preventing contact of the steam with reservoir zones containing considerable amounts of hydrocarbons thus decreasing the vertical sweep efficiency. These phenomena are favored by some features of the formation such as large thickness and reservoir heterogeneities and may affect the technical and economic feasibility of the project if they are not controlled and / or monitored properly.Several methodologies have been designed to address this problem. Among them are injecting surfactants for the formation of in situ foam, which seeks to reduce the mobility of steam; using thermal gels, for plugging high permeability channels; injection of solvents, used to enhance oil mobility; and water-alternating-steam injection (WASP) for scavenging of both upper and lower zone of the formation. This article collects relevant aspects of the mentioned methods, and a comparison is made in base of the number of applications, incremental production and implementation cost.Keywords: Steamflooding, In Situ Foams, Solvents, High Temperature Gels, Water Alternating Steam.Uno de los principales desafíos en el desarrollo de un proceso de inyección continua de vapor es el control del frente de inyección. Dicho perfil es afectado principalmente por la canalización del vapor por zonas de alta permeabilidad, y el efecto gravitacional de override causado por la diferencia de densidades con los fluidos del yacimiento, los cuales impiden el contacto del vapor con volúmenes considerables de hidrocarburos disminuyendo de esta forma la eficiencia de barrido vertical. Estos fenómenos son favorecidos por algunas características de la formación como los grandes espesores y las heterogeneidades del yacimiento, y de no ser controlados y/o monitoreados correctamente, pueden afectar la viabilidad técnica y económica del proceso.Varias metodologías se han diseñado para hacer frente a esto problemas, entre ellas tenemos la inyección de surfactantes para la formación de espumas in situ, la cual busca reducir la movilidad del vapor; el uso de geles térmicos, para el taponamiento de canales de alta permeabilidad; la inyección de solventes, usado para mejorar la movilidad del aceite; y la inyección de agua alternada con vapor (WASP), para el barrido de la zona tanto superior como inferior de la formación. Este artículo recopila aspectos relevantes de cada una de las técnicas mencionadas, a partir de los cuales es presentada una comparación tomando como criterios la cantidad de aplicaciones, producción incremental y costo de implementación.Palabras clave: Inyección Continua de Vapor, Espumas In Situ, Solventes, Geles Térmicos, Agua Alternada con Vapor

Direct Oral Anticoagulants versus Warfarin in Octogenarians with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been demonstrated to be more effective and safer than vitamin-K antagonist (VKA) for stroke prevention in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (AF). This meta-analysis aims to assess the effect of DOACS vs. VKA in patients ≥ 80 and AF. Primary endpoints were stroke or systemic embolism and all-cause death. Secondary endpoints included major bleeding, intracranial bleeding, and gastrointestinal bleeding. A random-effects model was selected due to significant heterogeneity. A total of 147,067 patients from 16 studies were included, 71,913 (48.90%) treated with DOACs and 75,154 with VKA (51.10%). The stroke rate was significantly lower in DOACs group compared with warfarin group (Relative risk (RR): 0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63-0.82; p < 0.001). All-cause mortality was significantly lower in DOACs group compared with warfarin group (RR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.70-0.96; p = 0.012). Compared to warfarin, DOACs were not associated with reductions in major bleeding (RR: 0.85, 95% CI 0.69-1.04; p = 0.108) or gastrointestinal bleeding risk (RR: 1.08, 95% CI 0.76-1.53; p = 0.678) but a 43% reduction of intracranial bleeding (RR: 0.47, IC 95% 0.36-0.60; p < 0.001) was observed. Our meta-analysis demonstrates that DOACs are effective and safe with statistical superiority when compared with warfarin in octogenarians with AF

Gene-environment interaction analysis of redox-related metals and genetic variants with plasma metabolic patterns in a general population from Spain: The Hortega Study

Background: Limited studies have evaluated the joint influence of redox-related metals and genetic variation on metabolic pathways. We analyzed the association of 11 metals with metabolic patterns, and the interacting role of candidate genetic variants, in 1145 participants from the Hortega Study, a population-based sample from Spain. Methods: Urine antimony (Sb), arsenic, barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), molybdenum (Mo) and vanadium (V), and plasma copper (Cu), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) were measured by ICP-MS and AAS, respectively. We summarized 54 plasma metabolites, measured with targeted NMR, by estimating metabolic principal components (mPC). Redox-related SNPs (N = 291) were measured by oligo-ligation assay. Results: In our study, the association with metabolic principal component (mPC) 1 (reflecting non-essential and essential amino acids, including branched chain, and bacterial co-metabolism versus fatty acids and VLDL subclasses) was positive for Se and Zn, but inverse for Cu, arsenobetaine-corrected arsenic (As) and Sb. The association with mPC2 (reflecting essential amino acids, including aromatic, and bacterial co-metabolism) was inverse for Se, Zn and Cd. The association with mPC3 (reflecting LDL subclasses) was positive for Cu, Se and Zn, but inverse for Co. The association for mPC4 (reflecting HDL subclasses) was positive for Sb, but inverse for plasma Zn. These associations were mainly driven by Cu and Sb for mPC1; Se, Zn and Cd for mPC2; Co, Se and Zn for mPC3; and Zn for mPC4. The most SNP-metal interacting genes were NOX1, GSR, GCLC, AGT and REN. Co and Zn showed the highest number of interactions with genetic variants associated to enriched endocrine, cardiovascular and neurological pathways. Conclusions: Exposures to Co, Cu, Se, Zn, As, Cd and Sb were associated with several metabolic patterns involved in chronic disease. Carriers of redox-related variants may have differential susceptibility to metabolic alterations associated to excessive exposure to metals.This work was supported by the Strategic Action for Research in Health sciences [CP12/03080, PI15/00071, PI10/0082, PI13/01848, PI14/00874, PI16/01402, PI21/00506 and PI11/00726], CIBER Fisio patología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN) (CIBER-02-08-2009, CB06/03 and CB12/03/30,016), the State Agency for Research (PID2019-108973RB- C21 and C22), the Valencia Government (GRUPOS 03/101; PROMETEO/2009/029 and ACOMP/2013/039, IDI FEDER/2021/072 and GRISOLIAP/2021/119), the Castilla-Leon Government (GRS/279/A/08) and European Network of Excellence Ingenious Hypercare (EPSS-037093) from the European Commission. The Strategic Action for Research in Health sciences, CIBERDEM and CIBEROBN are initiatives from Carlos III Health Institute Madrid and cofunded with European Funds for Regional Development (FEDER). The State Agency for Research and Carlos III Health Institute belong to the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. ADR received the support of a fellowship from “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434) (fellowship code “LCF/BQ/DR19/11740016”). MGP received the support of a fellowship from “la Caixa” Foundation (ID 100010434, fellowship code LCFLCF/BQ/DI18/11660001). The funding bodies had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript.S