Impacts Of Probiotics On The Production Performance And Immune Status Of Broiler Chickens From Arbor Acre Strains

The aim of the present research was to evaluate the probiotic activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus in broilers of the ARBOR ACRE strain. The probiotic was administered in drinking water at a rate of 50 ml per 1000 chicks every 7 days during the breeding period. Growth performance, the effect on endogenous flora and on the structure of the gut and the bursa of Fabricius, as well as the immune response, were recorded at 20 and 37 days. We evaluated the effectiveness of Lactobacillus acidophilus added to broiler diets, a zootechnical study (mortality, growth rate, index of growth) and a clinical survey, homogeneity and antibody production. Zootechnical studies revealed that the best growth performances were achieved by the probiotic-treated chickens, with significant differences (p<0.05).  which concluded with a positive effect on zootechnical performance compared with the controls. Similarly, the study of the organism's reaction showed a good response from the birds supplemented with Lactobacillus acidophilus in the animal's digestive tract, with interactions with the endogenous flora, compared with the control subjects (P<0.05). Antibody titration showed that the Lactobacillus acidophilus-based diet had a positive effect on antibody levels, resulting in a coverage rate higher than the average indicated by the baseline (1000-2500) and also higher than the control batch antibodies

An overview of millimeter waves challenges in 5G vehicle-to-everything networks

International audienceThe Automotive Vehicle to Everything (V2X) technology is one of the most important innovations that the world will see in the years to come. This paradigm will support many advanced services such as object detection and recognition, risk identification and avoidance, car platooning. These services will require several keys among them, the high data transmission rates of the order of gigabits per driving hour, and high reliability, and high speed for transition of data, which may be available through the capabilities of the new architecture for the next generation of wireless communications 5G and the wide bandwidth of the millimeter wave (mm Wave) which is deemed to be a real solution for the V2X requirements. However, the challenges related to the reliability/latency and security of the V2X system and nature of mm wave communication require several solutions either for natural challenges such as High path loss propagation, penetrating disability or for the technical challenges. This paper provides an overview of the V2X communication technology investigates the V2X challenges including the mm wave and and finally presents some efficient solutions

Commande des liaisons en courant continu dans un contexte réseau

This thesis focuses on the control of converters of high voltage direct current (HVDC) links. A new methodology of synthesis of the controllers of the HVDC converters based on a control model has been developed. The latter takes into consideration not only the two converters of HVDC link but all the main dynamics affecting the transient stability of the power system in which the link is inserted. In order to improve the stability of the AC zone neighboring the HVDC link, in addition to the local objectives like power and voltage control, a coordinated robust control is proposed. The coordination of the synthesis controllers for converters is done at two levels: the first one is the coordination of the two stations of an HVDC link the second is consisting on the coordination of several HVDC links. In addition, only measures available locally (i.e., at the converter stations) are used. This new control frame is an alternative to the conventional vector control. The approach was validated on both academic benchmark and a large-scale dynamic model of the whole European power system.Cette thèse porte sur les convertisseurs des liaisons à courant continu (HVDC- High Voltage Direct Current). Une nouvelle méthodologie de synthèse des régulateurs des convertisseurs basée sur un modèle de commande a été développée. Ce dernier prend en considération non seulement les deux convertisseurs de la liaison HVDC mais aussi l'ensemble des principaux éléments impactant la stabilité transitoire du système électrique dans lequel la liaison est insérée. Une commande robuste coordonnée est proposée pour, à la fois, répondre au cahier des charges de la liaison et améliorer la stabilité de la zone AC voisine à la liaison. La coordination de la synthèse de régulateurs pour les convertisseurs se fait à deux niveaux : le premier concerne les deux stations de conversion d'une même liaison HVDC et un second consistant en la coordination de plusieurs liaisons HVDC. De plus, seules les mesures disponibles localement (i.e., au niveau des stations de conversion) sont utilisées. Ce nouveau cadre de commande est une alternative à la commande vectorielle classique. L'approche a été validée à la fois sur des benchmarks académiques et en grande taille sur des cas concrets de renforcement du réseau de transport européen

Energy-Efficient Hybrid K-Means Algorithm for Clustered Wireless Sensor Networks

Energy efficiency is the most critical challenge in wireless sensor network. The transmission energy is the most consuming task in sensor nodes, specifically in large distances. Clustered routing techniques are efficient approaches used to lower the transmission energy and maximize the network’s lifetime. In this paper, a hybrid clustered routing approach is proposed for energy optimization in WSN. This approach is based on K-Means clustering algorithm and LEACH protocol. The simulation results using MATLAB tool have shown that the proposed hybrid approach outperforms LEACH protocol and optimizes the nodes energy and the network lifetime

Ultra reliable 5G mmWAve communications for V2X scénarios

The Automotive Vehicle to Everything (V2X)technology is one of the most important innovations that theworld will see in the years to come. This paradigm will supportmany advanced services such as object detection and recognition,risk identification and avoidance, car platooning. These serviceswill require several keys among them, the high data transmissionrates of the order of gigabits per driving hour, and highreliability, and high speed for transition of data, which may beavailable through the capabilities of the new architecture for thenext generation of wireless communications 5G and the widebandwidth of the millimeter wave (mm Wave) which is deemed tobe a real solution for the V2X requirements. However, thechallenges related to the reliability/latency and security of theV2X system and nature of mm wave communication requireseveral solutions either for natural challenges such as High pathloss propagation, penetrating disability or for the technicalchallenges. This paper provides an overview of the V2Xcommunication technology investigates the V2X challengesincluding the mm wave and and finally presents some efficientsolutions

Energy Performance of LDPC Scheme in Multi-Hop Wireless Sensor Network with Two base Stations Model

Conservation of the energy is one of the main design issues in wireless sensor networks. The limited battery power of each sensor node is a challenging task in deploying this type of network. The challenge is crucial in reliable wireless network when implementing efficient error correcting scheme with energy consuming routing protocol. In this work, we investigated the energy performance of LDPC code in multi-hop wireless sensor network. We proposed a model of two base stations to prolong the lifetime and build a reliable and energy-efficient network. Through performed MATLAB simulations, we examine the energy effectiveness of multiple base stations model on reliable wireless sensor network performance in different network dimensions

User-guided Repairing of Inconsistent Knowledge Bases

International audienceRepairing techniques for relational databases have leveraged in- tegrity constraints to detect and then resolve errors in the data. User guidance has started to be employed in this setting to avoid a prohibitory exploration of the search space of solutions. In this pa- per, we present a user-guided repairing technique for Knowledge Bases (KBs) enabling updates suggested by the users to resolve errors. KBs exhibit more expressive constraints with respect to relational tables, such as tuple-generating dependencies (TGDs) and negative rules (a form of denial constraints). We consider TGDs and a notable subset of denial constraints, named contra- diction detecting dependencies (CDDs). We propose user-guided polynomial-delay algorithms that ensure the repairing of the KB in the extreme cases of interaction among these two classes of constraints. To the best of our knowledge, such interaction is so far unexplored even in repairing methods for relational data. We prove the correctness of our algorithms and study their feasibility in practical settings. We conduct an extensive experimental study on synthetically generated KBs and a real-world inconsistent KB equipped with TGDs and CDDs. We show the practicality of our proposed interactive strategies by measuring the actual delay time and the number of questions required in our interactive framework

Sensors and actuators in smart cities

With the city, from its earliest emergence in the Near East between 4500 and 3100 BCE, came a wide range of new discoveries and inventions, from synthetic materials to wheeled vehicles[...

Sustainable Management of Household Garbage- Status of Citizens behavior and participation A Case Study of Khenifra region – Morocco

Like the other Moroccan territories, Khenifra region faces many problems in household waste management, due to produced waste quantities, the insufficient infrastructure and the low level of environmental education. Khenifra region contain a diversified and fragile natural environment. In this work, we used the social approach that aims to diagnose the current state of waste management in the study area and in order to propose appropriate solutions for a successful management, as results, the existence of several deficiencies and constraints in the daily operations of collection and landfilling. Surveys and field visits have been carried out showed that the human and material resources used in the west management operation are not sufficient and not respect the environmental conditions. Facing these constraints require, an effective strategy for management of household waste in this territory has been developed to ensure a better collect and treatment. Thus, our proposed strategy cannot succeed without population involved, it requires collaboration between municipalities, delegated companies and citizens as well

An energy-efficient clustering protocol using fuzzy logic and network segmentation for heterogeneous WSN

Wireless sensor networks have become an emerging research area due to their importance in the present industrial application. The enlargement of network lifetime is the major limitation in WSN. Several routing protocols study the extension of lifespan in WSN. Routing protocols significantly influence on the global of energy consumption for sensors in WSN. It is essential to correct the energy efficiency performance of routing protocol in order to improve the lifetime. The protocols based on clustering are the most routing protocols in WSN to reduce energy consumption. The protocols dedicate to WSN have demonstrated their limitation in expanding the lifetime of the network. In this paper, we present Hybrid SEP protocol : Multi-zonal Fuzzy logic heterogeneous Clustering based on Stable Election Protocol (FMZ-SEP). The FMZ-SEP characterizes by four parameters: WSN segmentation (splitting the WSN into the triangle zones ), the Subtractive Clustering Method to determine a correct number of clusters, the FCM and the SEP protocol. The FMZ-SEP prolong the stability period and extend the lifetime. The simulation results point out that the stability period of FMZ-SEP. FMZ-SEP protocol outperforms of MZ-SEP, FSEP and SEP protocol by improving the network lifetime and the stability period