Consideraciones Acerca de la Guerra Nacional.

Consideraciones Acerca de la Guerra Nacional

El golpe del 21 de octubre de 1944

En el periódico Voz Popular, entre octubre de 1974 y junio de 1975, Jorge Arias Gámez publicó, bajo seudónimo, treinta y un articulos que ahora son incluidos en La Universidad con el título  "El golpe del 21 de octubre de 1944" El primero, apareció en los días en que  ese golpe de Estado cumplía, precisamente, treinta años En octubre de 1994 cumplirá, pues, ese desafortunado acontecimiento, medio siglo

Overview of the use of biochar from main cereals to stimulate plant growth

The total global food demand is expected to increase up to 50% between 2010 and 2050; hence, there is a clear need to increase plant productivity with little or no damage to the environment. In this respect, biochar is a carbon-rich material derived from the pyrolysis of organic matter at high temperatures with a limited oxygen supply, with different physicochemical characteristics that depend on the feedstock and pyrolysis conditions. When used as a soil amendment, it has shown many positive environmental effects such as carbon sequestration, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, and soil improvement. Biochar application has also shown huge benefits when applied to agri-systems, among them, the improvement of plant growth either in optimal conditions or under abiotic or biotic stress. Several mechanisms, such as enhancing the soil microbial diversity and thus increasing soil nutrient-cycling functions, improving soil physicochemical properties, stimulating the microbial colonization, or increasing soil P, K, or N content, have been described to exert these positive effects on plant growth, either alone or in combination with other resources. In addition, it can also improve the plant antioxidant defenses, an evident advantage for plant growth under stress conditions. Although agricultural residues are generated from a wide variety of crops, cereals account for more than half of the world¿s harvested area. Yet, in this review, we will focus on biochar obtained from residues of the most common and relevant cereal crops in terms of global production (rice, wheat, maize, and barley) and in their use as recycled residues to stimulate plant growth. The harvesting and processing of these crops generate a vast number and variety of residues that could be locally recycled into valuable products such as biochar, reducing the waste management problem and accomplishing the circular economy premise. However, very scarce literature focused on the use of biochar from a crop to improve its own growth is available. Herein, we present an overview of the literature focused on this topic, compiling most of the studies and discussing the urgent need to deepen into the molecular mechanisms and pathways involved in the beneficial effects of biochar on plant productivity.This work was supported by the Spanish Government (PID2019-105924RB-I00 MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and RED2018-102407-T) and the Castilla-La Mancha Government (SBPLY/17/180501/000287 and SBPLY/21/ 180501/000033) to CE. The laboratory received support from UCLM intramural funds, and ÁM-G was recipient of a PhD grant from Fundación Tatiana Pérez de Guzmán el Bueno. EU FEDER funds complemented all the grants

Desarrollo de un sistema de monitoreo inalámbrico para señales biomédicas

Este artículo trata las etapas de adquisición, procesamiento y transmisión vía inalámbrica a una estación remota de una señal biomédica análoga como la frecuencia cardiaca, para ser objeto de estudio de médicos o personal del área de la salud. Este trabajo beneficia a pacientes que se encuentran en lugares lejanos o de difícil acceso, también tiene aplicabilidad en deportistas que requieren que sean monitoreados para análisis de rendimiento físico, de esta manera se generan nuevas formas de atención en materia de salud de una forma oportuna e influyendo en la toma de decisiones sobre traslados y/o atención especializada, además facilitando la observación continua a pacientes que lo necesitan.  ABSTRACT This article describes the acquisition, processing and transmission phases from analog signal like a heart frequency to monitoring central where the signal can be analyzed by doctors and others specialists in health area. This project helps patients located in remote places and sports that need to be monitored for analysis in physical performance, in this way generate new forms of health care in a timely and influencing decisions on transfers and / or specialized care, also providing continuous observation of patients in need.

Correlation functions in scalar field theory at large charge

We compute general higher-point functions in the sector of large charge operators ϕn,ϕ¯¯¯n at large charge in O(2) (ϕ¯¯¯ϕ)2 theory. We find that there is a special class of "extremal" correlators having only one insertion of ϕ¯¯¯n that have a remarkably simple form in the double-scaling limit n →∞ at fixed g n2 ≡ λ, where g ~ ϵ is the coupling at the O(2) Wilson-Fisher fixed point in 4 − ϵ dimensions. In this limit, also non-extremal correlators can be computed. As an example, we give the complete formula for ⟨ϕ(x1)nϕ(x2)nϕ¯¯¯(x3)nϕ¯¯¯(x4)n⟩, which reveals an interesting structure

Designing a concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) system in adjunct with a silicon photovoltaic panel for a solar competition car

Solar competition cars are a very interesting research laboratory for the development of new technologies heading to their further implementation in either commercial passenger vehicles or related applications -- Besides, worldwide competitions allow the spreading of such ideas where the best and experienced teams bet on innovation and leading edge technologies, in order to develop more efficient vehicles -- In these vehicles, some aspects generally make the difference such as aerodynamics, shape, weight, wheels and the main solar panels -- Therefore, seeking to innovate in a competitive advantage, the first Colombian solar vehicle “Primavera”, competitor at the World Solar Challenge (WSC)-2013, has implemented the usage of a Concentrating Photovoltaic (CPV) system as a complementary solar energy module to the common silicon photovoltaic panel -- By harvesting sunlight with concentrating optical devices, CPVs are capable of maximizing the allowable photovoltaic area -- However, the entire CPV system weight must be less harmful than the benefit of the extra electric energy generated, which in adjunct with added manufacture and design complexity, has intervened in the fact that CPVs had never been implemented in a solar car in such a scale as the one described in this work -- Design considerations, the system development process and implementation are presented in this document considering both the restrictions of the context and the interaction of the CPV system with the solar car setup -- The measured data evidences the advantage of using this complementary system during the competition and the potential this technology has for further development

Relationships between rhizosphere microbiota and forest health conditions in Pinus pinaster stands at the Iberian Peninsula

Producción CientíficaMaritime pine (Pinus pinaster) is a Mediterranean forest tree species of great ecological importance within the European Union and the Iberian Peninsula in particular, whose presence is seriously threatened by forest decline. Knowledge of the diversity, abundance, and functionality of rhizospheric microorganisms can provide important information in the design of new strategies for sustainable forest management against forest decline. In this work, rhizospheric samples were collected from representative pine forests in the region of Castilla y León (North-western Spain) (in 10 municipalities of 5 different provinces), analyzing different physicochemical parameters and bacterial and fungal biodiversity (by metabarcoding). In addition, different variables of tree health and climatic conditions were analyzed. The main phylum of microorganisms found in the rhizosphere of P. pinaster were the Ascomycota (54.5 %) and Acidobacteria (16.4 %) in fungi and bacteria, respectively. A clear relationship was found between the presence/absence of certain bacterial and fungal groups (taxonomic and functional) and the presence/absence of healthy/sick trees. Specifically, the fungal genus Umbelopsis and the bacterial genus Paenibacillus were thought as possible control agents of decline, as their presence was related to the absence of disease. Understanding the relationships between rhizosphere microbiota and forest health parameters in Pinus pinaster can be only achieved by exploring the complex ‘ecosystem microbiome’ and its functioning using focused, integrative microbiological and ecological research performed across multiple habitats

Pregnancy and Glomerulonephritis. A Review

RESUMEN: Antecedentes: la afección glomerular es rara en las gestantes, pero las complicaciones asociadas son graves y potencialmente letales. ¿Cómo el embarazo afecta su pronóstico?. Objetivo: definir pautas para el cuidado de las mujeres afectadas por enfermedad glomerular durante la etapa pregestacional, la gestación y el puerperio y puntualizar las indicaciones para diálisis y biopsia renal. Materiales y métodos: analizamos revisiones textuales publicadas entre 1980 y 1992, y las publicaciones de Medline entre 1993 y 2007. Embarazo y Glomerulonefritis). Resultados: se hallaron muy pocos estudios aleatorizados controlados. La mayoría de los encontrados fueron transversales y series de casos, pero sus resultados permiten afirmar que la glomerulonefritis afecta adversamente el curso de la gestación y que ésta favorece las exacerbaciones de aquélla. Conclusión: la incidencia de exacerbación de glomerulonefritis es mayor durante el embarazo y los resultados materno y perinatal se afectan, especialmente si se presenta preeclampsia o síndrome antifosfolípido.ABSTRACT: Antecedent: Glomerulal involvement is rare during pregnancy, but the associated morbidity is serious and potentially lethal. How does it affect prognosis? Objective: To define guidelines for the care of women affected by glomerulal disease during the pregestational stage, gestation and puerperium, and the indications for dialysis and renal biopsy. Materials and methods: Analysis of textual revisions published between 1980 and 1992, and the publications of Medline between 1993 and 2007 (Pregnancy and Glomerulonephritis). Results: Few randomized controlled studies were found. Most studies were cross-sectional and cases series, but they allow the assertion that glomerulonephritis adversely affects gestational outcomes and that pregnancy favors renal damage and the lupus flare. Conclusion: The incidence of exacerbation of glomerulonephritis is higher during pregnancy and the perinatal and maternal outcomes are affected, especially in the presence of preeclampsia or antiphospholipid syndrome

Sex-Specific Effects of Early Life Stress on Brain Mitochondrial Function, Monoamine Levels and Neuroinflammation

Sex differences have been reported in the susceptibility to early life stress and its neurobiological correlates in humans and experimental animals. However, most of the current research with animal models of early stress has been performed mainly in males. In the present study, prolonged maternal separation (MS) paradigm was applied as an animal model to resemble the effects of adverse early experiences in male and female rats. Regional brain mitochondrial function, monoaminergic activity, and neuroinflammation were evaluated as adults. Mitochondrial energy metabolism was greatly decreased in MS females as compared with MS males in the prefrontal cortex, dorsal hippocampus, and the nucleus accumbens shell. In addition, MS males had lower serotonin levels and increased serotonin turnover in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus. However, MS females showed increased dopamine turnover in the prefrontal cortex and increased norepinephrine turnover in the striatum, but decreased dopamine turnover in the hippocampus. Sex differences were also found for pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, with increased levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus of MS males, and increased IL-6 levels in the striatum of MS females. These results evidence the complex sex- and brain region-specific long-term consequences of early life stress.This work was supported by grants PSI 2017-83038-P to HGP and NC, PSI 2017-90806-REDT to JLA, PSI 2017-83893-R to JLA (Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, Spain)