Off to a Good Start: A Practical Tool for Sexual Health Education

The Off to a Good Start: Physical, Emotional, and Sexual Development of Youth Grades 5–8 (OTAGS) curriculum provides students with a foundation for future sex education. The curriculum consists of three modules covering puberty, healthful relationships, and HIV and sexually transmitted infections. University of Illinois Extension educators taught OTAGS at 15 schools in Chicago and the surrounding suburbs. Evaluation results were favorable, indicating knowledge improvement. OTAGS complements other Extension programs, lays a foundation for future sex education, and provides others in Extension with the opportunity to play a role in making timely and accurate sex education accessible to youths

Nivel de conocimiento y aplicación de escalas del dolor en post operatorio, por enfermeros (as) del Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza - 2016

Publicación a texto completo no autorizada por el autorDetermina el nivel de conocimiento y aplicación de las escalas del dolor en el post operatorio, por enfermeros (as) del Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza en el año 2016. Desarrolla una investigación de tipo cuantitativo, nivel aplicativo, método descriptivo y de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 13 profesionales de Enfermería de la Unidad de Recuperación Post Anestésica. La técnica utilizada fue la encuesta y observación, y como instrumento se uso el cuestionario y la lista de chequeo. Encuentra que respecto al conocimiento sobre dolor y escalas del dolor, del 100% (13), 69% (09) presentó nivel medio, 31% (04) presentó nivel bajo y el 0% presentó nivel alto. En la dimensión conocimiento del dolor post operatorio, 62% (08) presenta nivel medio, 31% (04) nivel alto y 7% (01) bajo. En la dimensión conocimiento escalas del dolor post operatorio, 54% (07) presenta nivel medio, 39% (05) nivel alto y el 7% (01) nivel bajo de conocimiento. En la aplicación de las escalas del dolor post operatorio, 32% (07) de los profesionales aplican la escala verbal simple y expresión facial, 22% (05) la escala numérica y el 14% (03) la escala análoga visual, durante la evaluación del dolor en pacientes post operados. Concluye que el mayor porcentaje de enfermeros (as) presentaron nivel de conocimiento medio sobre el dolor postoperatorio desconociendo la fisiología del dolor y los factores que afectan la magnitud del dolor post operatorio; nivel de conocimiento medio sobre las escalas de dolor postoperatorio y la mayoría de los (as) enfermeros (as) aplican la escala verbal simple para la medición del dolor post operatorio en los pacientes.Trabajo académic

Bolivia como un paradigma de movimientos sociales en la América Latina del siglo XXI

En el contexto de la debacle del neoliberalismo en América Latina, hoy se manifiesta en Bolivia un nuevo tipo de movimiento social, integrado por varios movimientos que han logrado llegar al poder por la vía electoral, y que presentan características distintivas que no encuentran acomodo dentro de las explicaciones y modelos anteriores. Por ello, en este artículo se busca argumentar a favor de concebirlo como representativo de un nuevo paradigma cuyos principales rasgos se exponen en forma sintética, destacando el componente étnico y la preocupación por la inclusión de los pueblos originarios en un proyecto nacional pluricultural

An Analysis of the Efficacy of Wayside Hot-Box Detector Data

Wayside hot-box detectors (HBDs) are devices that are currently used to monitor bearing, axle, and brake temperatures as a way of assessing railcar component health and to indicate any possible overheating or abnormal operating conditions. Conventional hot-box detectors are set to alarm whenever a bearing is operating at a temperature that is 94.4°C (170°F) above ambient, or when there is a 52.8°C (95°F) temperature difference between two bearings that share an axle. These detectors are placed adjacent to the railway and utilize an infrared sensor in order to obtain temperature measurements. Bearings that trigger HBDs or display temperature trending behavior are removed from service for disassembly and inspection. Upon teardown, bearings that do not exhibit any discernible defects are labeled as “non-verified”. The latter may be due to the many factors that can affect the measurement of HBDs such as location of the infrared sensor and the class of the bearing among other environmental factors. A field test was performed along a route that is more than 483 km (300 mi) of track containing 21 wayside hot-box detectors. Two freight cars, one fully-loaded and one empty, and one instrumentation car pulled by a locomotive were used in this field test. A total of 16 bearings (14 Class F and 2 Class K) were instrumented with K-type bayonet thermocouples to provide continuous temperature measurement. The data collected from this field test were used to perform a systematic study in which the HBD IR sensor data were compared directly to the onboard thermocouple data. The analyses determined that, in general, HBDs tend to overestimate Class K bearing temperatures more frequently than Class F bearing temperatures. Additionally, the temperatures of some bearings were underestimated by as much as 47°C (85°F). Furthermore, the HBD data exhibited some false trending events that were not seen in temperature histories recorded by the bayonet thermocouples. The findings from the field test suggest that HBDs may inaccurately report bearing temperatures, which may contribute to the increased percentage of non-verified bearing removals. To further investigate the accuracy of the wayside detection systems, a dynamic test rig was designed and fabricated by the University Transportation Center for Railway Safety (UTCRS) research team at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV). A mobile infrared sensor was developed and installed on the dynamic tester in order to mimic the measurement behavior of a HBD. The infrared temperature measurements were compared to contact thermocouple and bayonet temperature measurements taken on the bearing cup surface. The laboratory-acquired data were compared to actual field test data, and the analysis reveals that the trends are in close agreement. The large majority of temperature measurements taken using the IR sensor have been underestimated with a similar distribution to that of the data collected by the HBDs in field service

Sedentarismo y su relación con sobrepeso en escolares del nivel primario de la Institución Educativa Julio Armando Ruíz Vásquez, Huánuco 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el sedentarismo y el sobrepeso en escolares del nivel primario de la Institución Educativa Julio Armando Ruiz Vásquez, Huánuco 2021. Métodos: El estudio fue de tipo observacional con un enfoque cuantitativo, transversal, con un diseño correlacional. Se trabajó con un tamaño muestral de 104 estudiantes de la institución educativa Julio Armando Ruíz Vásquez, donde se empleó como técnica la entrevista y el instrumento conformado por un cuestionario de sedentarismo y una ficha de valoración nutricional. Para la prueba estadística se trabajó con la prueba no paramétrica del chi cuadrado dando una confiabilidad del 99%. Resultados: Se encontró que los escolares con un patrón de sedentarismo, presentaron sobrepeso un 31,7% (33), mientras que los estudiantes activos presentaron sobrepeso un 11.5% (12) con una significancia valor X2 21,734 y un valor p= ,001. Los escolares con actividades sedentarismo, presentaron sobrepeso un 28,8% (30), mientras que los estudiantes activos presentaron sobrepeso un 14.4% (15) con una significancia valor X2 23,881 y un valor p= ,000. Los escolares con frecuencia de actividades sedentarias, presentaron sobrepeso un 38,2% (39), mientras que los estudiantes que no presentaron frecuencias de actividades sedentarias presentaron sobrepeso un 5,9% (6). Los escolares con un tiempo inadecuado de duración de actividades sedentarias, presentaron sobrepeso un 32,7% (34), mientras que los estudiantes con un tiempo adecuado presentaron sobrepeso un 10.6% (11) con una significancia valor X2 22,467 y un valor p= ,001. Conclusiones: Se encontró que existe entre el sedentarismo y sobrepeso mediante la prueba del chi cuadrado se evidencio un valor X2 21,734 y un valor p= ,001

An investigation into wayside hot-box detector efficacy and optimization

Wayside hot-box detectors (HBDs) are devices used to assess the health of railcar components including bearings, axles, and brakes by monitoring their temperatures. HBDs use infrared (IR) sensors to record the temperatures of railroad bearings. Bearings that trigger an alarm or exhibit warm trending are removed and sent for inspection. In many cases, no discernable defects were found in the flagged bearings. Motivated by this finding, an investigation was conducted which included performing a controlled field test as well as exhaustive laboratory testing utilizing an HBD simulator. Data acquired from field and laboratory testing was used to evaluate the accuracy and efficacy of wayside HBDs. The results suggest that the scanning location on the bearing cup significantly affects the temperature measurement. Different calibrations for the field- and laboratory-acquired data were also explored. An optimized calibration technique along with proper IR sensor alignment can markedly improve the accuracy of HBD measurements

Determination of the Secondary Structure of an RNA fragment in Solution: Selective 2`- Hydroxyl Acylation Analyzed by Primer Extension Assay (SHAPE)

This protocol describes the methodology for the determination of the secondary structure of an RNA fragment in solution using Selective 2´-Hydroxyl Acylation analyzed by Primer Extension, abbreviation SHAPE. It consists in the very fast chemical modification of flexible and therefore possibly single-stranded nucleotides in a sequence-independent manner using benzoyl cyanide (BzCN), forming 2´-O-adducts. The modifications in the RNA are then analyzed by primer extension. Reverse transcriptase is blocked by the 2´-O-adducts formed. The advantage of the method is, first, that not each RNA molecule studied but the primer used in the extension reaction is labelled and, second, that the resulting cDNA analyzed in sequencing gels is much more stable than the modified RN

COL R Acinetobacter baumannii sRNA Signatures : Computational Comparative Identification and Biological Targets

Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) and Extensively Drug Resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (Ab) represent a serious cause of healthcare-associated infections worldwide. Currently, the available treatment options are very restricted and colistin-based therapies are last-line treatments of these infections, even though colistin resistant (COL R) Ab have rarely been isolated yet. In bacteria, small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) have been implicated in regulatory pathways of different biological functions, however, no knowledge exists about the sRNA role on the biological adaptation in COL R Ab. Our study investigated two Italian XDR isogenic colistin-susceptible/resistant (COL S/R) Ab strain-pairs to discover new sRNA signatures. Comparative sRNA transcriptome (sRNAome) analyses were carried out by Illumina RNA-seq using both a Tru-Seq and a Short Insert library, whilst Ab ATCC 17978 and ACICU Reference Genome assembly, mapping, annotation and statistically significant differential expression (q -value ≤ 0.01) of the raw reads were performed by the Rockhopper tool. A computational filtering, sorting only similarly statistically significant differentially expressed (DE) sRNAs mapping on the same gene in both COL R Ab isolates was conducted. COL R vs. COL S sRNAome, analyzed integrating the DE sRNAs obtained from the two different libraries, revealed some statistically significant DE sRNAs in COL R Ab. In detail, we found: (i) two different under-expressed cis -acting sRNAs (Ab sRNA and Ab sRNA) mapping in antisense orientation the 16S rRNA gene A1S_r01, (ii) one under-expressed cis -acting sRNA (Ab sRNA) targeting the A1S_2505 gene (hypothetical protein), (iii) one under-expressed microRNA-size small RNA fragment (Ab sRNA) and its pre-micro Ab sRNA targeting the A1S_0501 gene (hypothetical protein), (iv) as well as an over-expressed microRNA-size small RNA fragment (Ab sRNA) and its pre-micro Ab sRNA targeting the A1S_3097 gene (signal peptide). Custom TaqMan ® probe-based real-time qPCRs validated the expression pattern of the selected sRNA candidates shown by RNA-seq. Furthermore, analysis on sRNA ΔA1S_r01, ΔA1S_2505 as well as the over-expressed A1S_3097 mutants revealed no effects on colistin resistance. Our study, for the first time, found the sRNAome signatures of clinical COL R Ab with a computational prediction of their targets related to protein synthesis, host-microbe interaction and other different biological functions, including biofilm production, cell-cycle control, virulence, and antibiotic-resistance

Generation and characterization of the human iPSC line PBMC1-iPS4F1 from adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells

AbstractHere we describe the generation and characterization of the human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line PBMC1-iPS4F1 from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from a healthy female with Spanish background. We used heat sensitive, non-integrative Sendai viruses containing the reprogramming factors Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc, whose expression was silenced in the established iPSC line. Characterization of the PBMC1-iPS4F1 cell line included analysis of typical pluripotency-associated factors at mRNA and protein level, alkaline phosphatase enzymatic activity, and in vivo and in vitro differentiation studies

Implementation of a Positive Technology Application in Patients With Eating Disorders: A Pilot Randomized Control Trial

Background: Positive psychological interventions (PPIs) have been suggested to produce benefits in patients with eating disorders (ED) by improving well-being, which might act as a buffer of the harmful effects caused by the disorder. Best Possible Self (BPS) is a PPI which consists of writing and envisioning a future where everything has turned out in the best possible way. In this regard, positive technology (PT) can be of considerable benefit as it allows to implement specific PPIs that have already shown efficacy. Objective: This study tested the preliminary efficacy of the BPS exercise implemented through a PT application and carried out for 1 month, in improving positive functioning measures, compared to a control condition, in patients with ED. Follow-up effects were also explored at 1 and 3 months later. Methods: This is a pilot randomized controlled trial, with two experimental conditions. Participants were 54 outpatients, who were receiving ongoing specialized treatment in ED services. 29 participants were randomly allocated to the BPS intervention and 25 to the control exercise. The sample was composed mostly by females and the mean age was 27 years. In the intervention group, participants had to write about their BPS. In the control group participants had to write about their daily activities. The exercise was conducted through the Book of Life, which is a PT application that allows users to add multimedia materials to the written content. Measures of future expectations, affect, dispositional optimism, hope and self-efficacy were assessed at different time frames. Results: Findings showed that all participants improved over time and there were no statistically significant differences between conditions on the specific measures. These effects were not influenced by prior levels of ED severity. Within-group effect sizes indicate a greater benefit for the participants in the BPS condition, compared to the control condition, on nearly all the measures. Conclusion: Results indicated that PT produced modest improvements in patients with EDs that are receiving current treatment for ED. More empirical attention is needed to explore the potential benefits of PPIs as supporting tools in the prevention and treatment of EDs. Trial registration: clinicaltrails.gov Identifier: NCT03003910, retrospectively registered December 27, 2016