Syllabus: Public Space Design Plus: Integrating Sustainable Design through Exploration and Research

This studio focuses on the integration of sustainable technologies into the design of a public space on campus. We will explore this integration at various scales: the human scale, the site scale, and the campus scale ––while covering subjects like materiality, people’s behavior, and innovative sustainable solutions for landscape applications. The work of the studio will be a combination of creative exploration and research supporting this exploration. The methodology will include experiential learning ––learning by doing, research through direct observation, and research using library resources. Through research and use of library databases, students will gain a broader perspective of the context of sustainable design and generate design ideas based on knowledge obtained from case studies and research into new technologies and materials. The work of this studio will be based on the UMass Amherst campus. We will use the campus as a source of resources and grounds for observation and experimentation. The first project will look at upcycling, through the innovative use of waste materials from the Campus’ Waste Transfer Station to create seating prototypes. The second project will focus on observation of human behavior on outdoor public spaces across several campus sites. The final project will focus on the re-design of these sites to create engaging public spaces that incorporate some of the sustainability goals of the UMass Amherst Climate Action Plan (CAP). The final projects will be submitted as proposals for the Campus’ Sustainability, Innovation and Engagement Fund for potential funding and implementation. The studio will ask the question: how can public spaces be more than spaces for social gathering and actively integrate sustainability principles such as renewable energy production, air purification, food production, stormwater management, and behavior modification to create a greener campus

Transdisciplinarity & Innovation: Smart Materials in Landscape Architecture Education

Designed landscapes are physical manifestations of natural, cultural, and technological forces. As such, they can physically embody technologies that support sustainable practices, and provide experiences that foster their cultural acceptance. However, the current focus of sustainable design in the landscape architecture profession has centered on ecological performance, largely ignoring the role of aesthetics and new material practices. In particular, the incorporation of energy-generating materials, such as smart materials, has remained largely unexplored. As a result, new methods for expanding engagement with materials and technologies are needed. The need to address technological innovation while providing meaningful aesthetic experiences points to the importance of transdisciplinarity as part of the design pedagogy focused on sustainability. Transdisciplinarity challenges the conception of knowledge silos, the distinction between the objective and subjective, and embraces different ways of knowing that relate to different levels of reality.1 In doing so, it presents opportunities for the integration of artful doing as part of technological innovation by simultaneously embracing the analytical, the emotional and the sensorial.2 This paper presents student work developed at the University of Massachusetts Amherst that explores the incorporation of smart materials for design applications. Landscape installations and prototypes developed in two courses: Material Experiments in Landscape Architecture and Step and Flash: Creating a Piezoelectric Walkway, will illustrate how transdisciplinary explorations led to technological innovations that reduce energy consumption while appealing to the senses. Based on this experience, an initial set of guidelines for introducing transdisciplinary practices in design pedagogy is presented. This paper calls attention to the value of transdisciplinarity as a way to engage technology and further engage students with a more holistic approach to sustainable design

VARIAÇÕES ESTILÍSTICAS E SOCIAIS NO DISCURSO DOS FALANTES AKUNTSÚ

O objetivo desta comunicação é discutir as variações estilísticas e sociais, existentes em diferentes interações sociais encontradas no discurso de falantes da língua Akuntsú (Tupí). Descreve-se, assim, as variações linguísticas resultantes dos diferentes papéis sociais que os falantes desempenham nas diversas situações comunicativas, bem como a sua relação com o sexo/gênero dos falantes. Isto é, discute-se as adequações que os falantes da língua fazem em relação ao contexto geral em que estão inseridos e como o gênero interage com certas variações estilísticas. A presença da laringalização e variação lexical são alguns dos fenômenos em variação bastante perceptíveis

Território, Materialidade e Atitude Linguística: ferramentas da Frente de Proteção Etnoambiental Guaporé nos contextos das Terras Indígenas Massaco, Rio Omerê e Tanaru – Rondônia, Amazônia brasileira

The Guaporé Ethno-Environmental Protection Front operates in three indigenous territories: Rio Omerê, the region where the recently contacted Akuntsú and Kanoé of the Omerê live; Massaco, area of isolated groups; and Tanaru. The Front activities guarantee the protection and autonomy of these peoples, as well as the preservation of their integrity in the broadest sense. For the Akuntsú and Kanoé peoples, intervention was vital to safeguard their lives, when in the late 1970s, economic expansion systematically penetrated their traditional territories. For the isolated from the Massaco and Tanaru Indigenous Territories, non-intervention through contact proves to be successful and, since 1990 (Amorim 2016), their rights have been guaranteed, preserving their decision to maintain a situation of autonomy vis-à-vis the national society. Thus, this article seeks to understand the three realities in perspective, reflecting on contextual issues in a historical, linguistic and indigenist view. We understand that, in these contexts, recent contact and isolated peoples reflect historical processes of resistance in the middle and lower Guaporé River.A Frente de Proteção Etnoambiental Guaporé atua em três territórios: na TI Rio Omerê, região etnoambiental onde vivem as Akuntsú e os Kanoé do Omerê, povos de recente contato; na TI Massaco, área de indígenas em situação de isolamento; e no território do indígena do Tanaru. A atuação da Frente garante a proteção e a autonomia desses indígenas e a preservação de sua integridade no mais amplo sentido. Para as Akuntsú e para os Kanoé, a intervenção foi vital para a salvaguarda de suas vidas, tendo em vista que no final da década de 1970 a expansão econômica adentrou, sistematicamente, nos seus territórios tradicionais. Para os isolados das TIs Massaco e Tanaru, a não intervenção por meio do contato, descortinou-se bem-sucedida e, desde 1990 (Amorim 2016), há a garantia de seus direitos, preservando a decisão dessas parcialidades humanas em se manterem em situação de autonomia frente à sociedade nacional. Dessa forma, o presente artigo busca um exercício analítico de compreender as três realidades em perspectiva, refletindo sobre questões contextuais em um horizonte histórico, linguístico e indigenista. Compreendemos que, nesses contextos, os povos de recente contato e os indígenas em situação de isolamento refletem processos históricos de resistências no médio e baixo rio Guaporé

Análisis del estado de la Política Publica de Primera Infancia, Infancia y Adolescencia del Departamento de Vichada.

Vichada es el segundo departamento más extenso del país y cuenta con el municipio más grande de Colombia, sin embargo, es uno de los departamentos menos densamente poblados del país(Sabanerox, 2014), sus vías de acceso son muy regulares, la amplitud territorial dificultad la atención gubernamental y el cubrimiento de los diferentes servicios que deben gozar los pobladores, lo cual se ve representado en los altos índices de pobreza, pobreza extrema (PNUD, 2013) y pobreza multidimensional. (Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística, 2014) Los referidos índices de pobreza afectan directamente a los NNA de la jurisdicción, máxime si se tiene en cuenta el gran porcentaje de personas menores de 15 años que en Vichada (Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística, 2018), por lo cual es imperativo contar con un documento orientador para la garantía, protección y restablecimiento de los derechos de los NNA, de esta forma nos permitimos analizar la Política Pública de Primera Infancia, Infancia y Adolescencia del Departamento, con el fin de vislumbrar su estado real, la recopilación de vulneración de los NNA y realizar las recomendaciones de acuerdo al resultado del análisis de la referida Política. El referido análisis de la situación actual de Política Pública de NNA del Departamento de Vichada se desarrolló a través de la investigación cualitativa interpretativa.Vichada is the second largest department in the country and has the largest municipality in Colombia, however, it is one of the least densely populated departments of the country (Sabanerox, 2014), its access roads are very regular, the territorial extent of difficulty the government attention and the coverage of the different services that the inhabitants must enjoy, which is represented in the high rates of poverty, extreme poverty (UNDP, 2013) and multidimensional poverty. (National Administrative Department of Statistics, 2014) The aforementioned poverty indexes directly affect the children and adolescents of the jurisdiction, especially considering the large percentage of people under 15 years of age that in Vichada (National Administrative Department of Statistics, 2018), for which it is imperative to have a guiding document for the guarantee, protection and restoration of the rights of the children, in this way we can analyze the Public Policy of Early Childhood, Childhood and Adolescence of the Department, in order to glimpse its real state, the collection of violation of the NNA and make the recommendations according to the result of the analysis of the aforementioned Policy. The aforementioned analysis of the current NNA Public Policy situation of the Department of Vichada was developed through qualitative interpretative research

Habilidades sociais e empoderamento de pais de crianças pré-escolares do público-alvo da educação especial

The family considered the first social context to which the individual is inserted at birth, is responsible for the transmission of values that influence the development of children. With regard to people with disabilities, parents will play a leading role in the search for professionals and services that will work with these children, so it is extremely important that they have the interpersonal skills to successfully perform these functions. Thus, the present study aimed to characterize the repertoire of social skills and empowerment of preschool family members of the Special Education Target Public (PAEE) and to correlate the variables. Participants included 35 parents of preschool children with different special conditions. They answered the Family Empowerment Scale and the Social Skills Inventory. The results showed that the parents evaluated themselves very positively with regard to empowerment, but there was a great discrepancy of evaluation regarding the repertoire of social skills. In addition, the data indicated a positive correlation between the 'Knowledge' (Empowerment) scale and the 'Self-control of aggressiveness' scale (Social skills). It is suggested that new research be conducted to identify relevant social skills classes that contribute to the empowerment of PAEE children's parents.La familia es considerada el primer contexto social al que el individuo es insertado luego que nace, es responsable por la transmisión de valores que influyen en el desarrollo infantil. En relación a las personas con deficiencia, los padres ejercerán un papel de protagonismo en la búsqueda por profesionales y servicios que trabajarán con estos niños, por esta razón es de extrema importancia que dispongan de habilidades interpersonales para realizar con éxito tales funciones. De esta manera, el presente estudio tuvo por objetivo caracterizar el repertorio de habilidades sociales y el empoderamiento de familiares de preescolares del público-objetivo de la educación especial (en portugués, PAEE) y correlacionar las variables. Participaron 35 padres y madres de niños preescolares con diferentes condiciones especiales. Los mismos contestaron a la Escala de Empoderamiento Familiar y al Inventario de Habilidades Sociales. Los resultados demostraron que los padres se autoevaluaron de manera muy positiva con relación al empoderamiento, pero hubo gran discrepancia de evaluación con relación al propio repertorio de habilidades sociales. Además de eso, los datos indicaron correlación positiva entre la escala de ‘Conocimiento’(Empoderamiento) y la de ‘Autocontrol de agresividad’ (Habilidades sociales). Se sugiere que nuevas investigaciones sean realizadas para identificar clases de habilidades sociales relevantes que contribuyan para el empoderamiento de padres de niños del PAEE. A família considerada o primeiro contexto social ao qual o indivíduo é inserido logo ao nascer, é responsável pela transmissão de valores que influenciam no desenvolvimento infantil. Em relação às pessoas com deficiências, os pais exercerão um papel de protagonismo na procura por profissionais e serviços que trabalharão com essas crianças, por esta razão é de extrema importância que disponham de habilidades interpessoais para realizar com sucesso tais funções. Desse modo, o presente estudo teve por objetivo caracterizar o repertório de habilidades sociais e o empoderamento de familiares de pré-escolares do Público-Alvo da Educação Especial (PAEE) e correlacionar as variáveis. Participaram 35 pais de crianças pré-escolares com diferentes condições especiais. Os mesmos responderam à Escala de Empoderamento Familiar e ao Inventário de Habilidades Sociais. Os resultados mostraram que os pais se autoavaliaram de forma muito positiva com relação ao empoderamento, mas houve grande discrepância de avaliação com relação ao próprio repertório de habilidades sociais. Além disso, os dados indicaram correlação positiva entre a escala de ‘Conhecimento’ (Empoderamento) e a de ‘Autocontrole da agressividade’ (Habilidades sociais). Sugere-se que novas pesquisas sejam realizadas para identificar classes de habilidades sociais relevantes que contribuam para empoderamento de pais de crianças do PAEE

Pueblos indígenas y discursos impresos. La prensa platense durante la primera mitad de la década de 1990

This paper analyzes the narratives about indigenous peoples produced by the written press of the city of La Plata during the first half of 1990s. This allows us to observe that in this medium, beyond the plurality of discourses regarding ethnicity - and even in moments of criticism, revisionism and legislative progress regarding the indigenous issue-, narratives that feed on stereotypes predominate and contribute to reinforce them; that they resort to the exaltation of cultural aspects to disassociate the indigenous presences from the demands regarding the territory, health, education and decent work and housing. We then point out the need to enable other representations, based on the recognition of the tensions between cultural diversity (ethnicity) and social inequality (class) to favor practices oriented to social transformation in plural and fair terms.En el presente trabajo se analizan las narrativas en torno a los pueblos indígenas producidas por la prensa escrita de la ciudad de La Plata durante la primera mitad de la década de 1990. Ello permite observar que en este medio, más allá de la pluralidad de discursos respecto a lo étnico - y aún en momentos de críticas, revisionismos y avances legislativos respecto a la cuestión indígena-, predominan narrativas que se alimentan de estereotipos y contribuyen a reforzarlos; que recurren a la exaltación de aspectos culturales para desvincular las presencias indígenas de las demandas en torno al territorio, la salud, la educación y el trabajo y la vivienda dignos. Señalamos entonces la necesidad de habilitar otras representaciones, que partan del reconocimiento de las tensiones entre diversidad cultural (etnicidad) y desigualdad social (clase) para favorecer prácticas orientadas a una transformación social en términos plurales y justos

Dignificando la vivienda en contextos de emergencia

Habit.us is a multi-criteria emerging housing solution that arises from the need to generate decent and quality housing for communities at risk that have suffered any type of natural disaster or social conflict. Under the parameters of a decent home, which in many cases does not respond adequately to such situations, due to the lack of privacy and basic sanitation in many shelters for affected people. Currently it is clear that one of the main global problems is the forced displacement of people by emergency situations caused by natural disasters and social conflicts, taking into account that over time climate change makes these disasters occur more frequently and a greater impact of damage which drag the affected people towards a temporary homelessness and in some cases permanent with the total loss of the home. On many occasions, the wait is not carried out in a dignified way, carrying out multiple relocations in schools, stadiums, refugee camps, etc. Based on this, Habit.us proposes, through bioclimatic design, a new concept of emergent housing that adapts to both the specific needs of people and the topographic characteristics where it is implanted; thus generating greater adaptability to the new environment where they live. Understanding that the emergency does not obey specific points on the planet, the Habit.us model seeks not to be linked to a defined territory, on the contrary, it aims to be able to be implemented anywhere where it may be required.Habit.us es una solución multicriterio de vivienda emergente que nace de la necesidad de generar vivienda digna y de calidad a comunidades en situación de riesgo que hayan sufrido cualquier tipo de desastre natural o conflicto social. Bajo los parámetros de una vivienda digna, la cual en muchos casos no responde de manera adecuada ante dichas situaciones, debido a la carencia de intimidad y saneamiento básico en muchos refugios para las personas afectadas. Actualmente es claro que uno de los principales problemas mundiales es el desplazamiento de personas forzados por situaciones de emergencia provocadas por catástrofes naturales y conflictos sociales, teniendo en cuenta que con el pasar del tiempo el cambio climático hace que estas catástrofes se presenten con más frecuencia y un mayor impacto de daño las cuales arrastran a las personas afectadas hacia un sinhogarismo temporal y en algunos casos permanente con la pérdida total de la vivienda. En muchas ocasiones, la espera no se realiza de manera digna, realizando reubicaciones múltiples en colegios, estadios, campos de refugiados, etc. Con base en esto, Habit.us propone mediante el diseño bioclimático, un nuevo concepto de vivienda emergente que se adapte tanto a las necesidades específicas de las personas como a las características topográficas donde sea implantado; generando así una mayor adaptabilidad al nuevo entorno donde se habite. Entendiendo que la emergencia no obedece a puntos específicos en el planeta, el modelo Habit.us busca no estar ligado a un territorio definido, por el contrario, apunta a poder implementarse en cualquier sitio donde pueda ser requerido

Humanismo Y mestizaje cultural en la Nueva España del siglo XVI los Diàlogos latinos de Francisco Cervantes De Salazar, en 1554.

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo ahondar en el tema del Humanismo y el mestizaje cultural en la Nueva España del siglo XVI. Me propongo estudiar lo anterior con base en dos ejes rectores: a. el humanismo europeo llegado a la Nueva España, y b. El debate sobre la conquista y el consecuente humanismo filantrópico que ahí se evidencia. Mi trabajo se concentra en una obra de Francisco Cervantes de Salazar, Diálogos en 1554: estos se refieren a tres diálogos en los cuales el autor describió poéticamente y con detallada viveza tanto la recién fundada Universidad de México como la misma Ciudad de México, en su interior y panorámicamente desde las afueras: esto lo realiza mediante tres personajes que interactúan dialécticamente. Estos diálogos han sido general y principalmente interpretados desde tres perspectivas: por una parte, en tanto su importancia histórica al representar una primera descripción urbanística detallada de la mencionada Ciudad. Por otra parte, desde su valiosa función como documento de enseñanza de la lengua latina entre los estudiantes de aquellos años. Y tercero, desde el punto de vista del Diálogo literario propio del siglo XVI. En mi trabajo, propongo que dichos Diálogos no solamente pueden interpretarse bajo las tres perspectivas mencionadas, sino que, asimismo, puede entreverse en ellos una gran carga ideológico-política. Lo anterior pudo haber dado pauta a que, en los primeros años de funcionamiento de la Real y Pontificia Universidad de México, se hayan utilizado dichos Diálogos latinos también como instrumento retórico de adoctrinamiento al clero secular en proceso de formación académica, futuros potenciales gobernantes de la Nueva España. Los textos a utilizar son: el original latino con traducción al español de Joaquín García Icazbalceta, en 1875; y la versión de Edmundo O´Gorman, de1962

Differential interactions of virulent and non-virulent H. parasuis strains with naïve or swine influenza virus pre-infected dendritic cells

Pigs possess a microbiota in the upper respiratory tract that includes Haemophilus parasuis. Pigs are also considered the reservoir of influenza viruses and infection with this virus commonly results in increased impact of bacterial infections, including those by H. parasuis. However, the mechanisms involved in host innate responses towards H. parasuis and their implications in a co-infection with influenza virus are unknown. Therefore, the ability of a non-virulent H. parasuis serovar 3 (SW114) and a virulent serovar 5 (Nagasaki) strains to interact with porcine bone marrow dendritic cells (poBMDC) and their modulation in a co-infection with swine influenza virus (SwIV) H3N2 was examined. At 1 hour post infection (hpi), SW114 interaction with poBMDC was higher than that of Nagasaki, while at 8 hpi both strains showed similar levels of interaction. The co-infection with H3N2 SwIV and either SW114 or Nagasaki induced higher levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-12 and IL-10 compared to mock or H3N2 SwIV infection alone. Moreover, IL-12 and IFN-α secretion differentially increased in cells co-infected with H3N2 SwIV and Nagasaki. These results pave the way for understanding the differences in the interaction of non-virulent and virulent strains of H. parasuis with the swine immune system and their modulation in a viral co-infection