Anti-inflammatory and healing action of oral gel containing borneol monoterpene in chemotherapy-induced mucositis in rats ( Rattus norvegicus )

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of gels containing the monoterpene borneol in induced oral mucositis using an animal model. Gels were prepared with borneol at 1.2% and 2.4% (w/w). Oral mucositis was induced by administration of three doses of 5-fluorouracil (30 mg/kg, i.p.) and injury with acetic acid (50%, v/v) soaked in filter paper applied to right cheek mucosa for 60s. Four subgroups comprising 12 animals each were formed. Six animals from each group were sacrificed at days seven and fourteen after oral mucositis induction. Mucous samples were processed and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s Trichrome. The semiquantitative evaluation involved observation of inflammatory parameters. ImageJ® software was used in the quantitative evaluation. For statistical analyses, Two-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post-test (

Endometriose no Brasil: perfil epidemiológico das internações nos últimos dez anos (2013-2022)

Introdução: Endometriose é uma doença crônica que afeta entre até 10% das mulheres em idade reprodutiva. Definida pela presença de tecido endometrial fora da cavidade uterina, essa doença causa um processo inflamatório na pelve que pode levar à fibrose e formação de aderências. Objetivo: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico das internações por endometriose no Brasil nos últimos dez anos (2013-2022). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal, observacional, descritivo, de caráter quantitativo, no qual os dados foram obtidos a partir do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde - DATASUS. As variáveis pesquisadas foram: total de internações, cor/raça, faixa etária, média de permanência e óbitos. O período da pesquisa foi delimitado entre os anos de 2013 e 2022. Resultados: Foram registradas 119.467 internações por endometriose entre 2013 e 2022. O maior número foi registrado no ano de 2015, 15.061. A região sudeste apontou o maior número de internações, 49.898. A cor/raça branca registrou 44.507 internações. A faixa etária com maior número de hospitalizações foi a de 40 a 49 anos. A média de permanência foi de 2,4 dias. Conclusão: As internações por endometriose desenham uma curva que oscila ao longo dos anos no Brasil. O perfil epidemiológico das internações foi caracterizado por mulheres brancas na faixa etária de 40 a 49 anos. A média de permanência das internações foi de 2,4 dias e a região com maior número de casos foi a região sudeste

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

INSEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL ENTRE ADULTOS COM DOENÇA FALCIFORME: UM PROTOCOLO DE REVISÃO DE ESCOPO

Scoping Review to investigative the causes and manifestations of food and nutrition insecurity in adults with sickle cell disease. Method: scoping review of the developed following the recommendations proposed by the JBI manual. The search sources will be: SCIELO, LILACS (BVS), MEDLINE via PubMed, COCHRANE LIBRARY (Wiley), CINAHL (Ebsco), SCOPUS (Elsevier), Web of Science Core Collection (Clarivate Analytics), EMBASE (Elsevier), theses and dissertations will be analyzed in the databases of Google Scholar and Periodical Portal of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES, DART-E theses Europe; OATD - Open Access Theses and Dissertations, Canadian Theses and Dissertations Portal, Database of African Theses and Dissertations and Research (DATAD-R). Publications will be selected by two independent reviewers and disagreements will be analyzed by a third reviewer. For analysis of references (remove duplications, organization, inclusion and exclusion according to the adopted inclusion criteria) we will use EndNote Web 20 (Clarivate Analytics, PA, USA) and Rayyan Data will be extracted with the help of an instrument developed by the reviewers and the results will be presented through charts, flowcharts and narrative synthesis. This review will follow the recommendations proposed by the JBI methodology for the same and will use the Preferred Reporting Items for Scope Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) extension as a reporting guideline. A preliminary review was carried out in March 2023 using the terms Medical Subject Headings (MeSH): “nutrition” and “sickle cell disease” in the databases of PUBMED and CINAHL and PROSPERO, Pubmed and OSF for knowledge of the subject and identification of studies of scoping review with the same phenomenon, but no protocol with the present theme was foun

Antitumoral properties of butanolic fraction from leaves extract of Chrysobalanus icaco L. in breast and lung cancer cell lines.

Infusion of leaves from Chrysobalanus icaco L., known as Icaco or Abajeru, is widely consumed in Brazil due to its therapeutic effects, such as hyperglycemia regulation, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and against chronic diarrhea. The aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract from Icaco also present anti-cancer properties, including colon cancer and leukemia. However, the antitumoral activity of the butanolic fraction still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the antitumoral properties of butanolic fraction against breast and lung cancer cell lines. Breast and lung cancer cell lines were incubated with the butanolic fraction (0.5, 1 and 5 µg.mL-1) for 24h. WST-1 and Trypan blue exclusion assays evaluated cell viability. The reactive oxygen species generation was measured, and the cell death pathway was analyzed by flow cytometry. The phytochemical profile was determined by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. The butanolic fraction presents triterpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds as its major constituents. Cell proliferation of MDA-MB-231 and A549 were decreased by butanolic fraction (0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 µg.mL-1) treatment. Butanolic fraction (5.0 µg.mL-1) increase intracellular reactive oxygen species levels in MDA-MB-231, 118%, and in A549, 20%, cell lines. The loss of viability and reactive oxygen species increase was accompanied by apoptosis induction. The cellular migration of both cell lines was decreased by 13% in MDA-MB-231 and by 58% in A549 with the butanolic fraction of C. icaco.  These results suggest that the butanolic fraction from Chrysobalanus icaco has anti-cancer properties against MDA-MB-231 and A549 cancer cells

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora