Tržišna orijentacija, inovacije i organizacijska predanost u industrijskim poduzećima

The main purpose of this article is to study the antecedents (internal market orientation) and the consequences (innovation, organizational commitment and performance) of market orientation in industrial SMEs. This article follows a new approach: instead of analyzing the responses of CEOs to a questionnaire, commercial and marketing functional managers were addressed. Consequently, this is the first study of its kind involving industrial SMEs addressing those who implement the marketing strategy instead of those who define it. Based on 154 valid answers, the conclusions are that, at a significant level of 1%, the internal market orientation influences positively the external market orientation, the external market orientation influences innovation and innovation, in its turn, influences business performance. Moreover, market orientation and organizational commitment only influence performance at a 5% significance level.Glavna je svrha ovoga članka proučiti prethodnike (internu tržišnu orijentaciju) i posljedice (inovativnost, organizacijsku predanost i performanse) tržišne orijentacije u malim i srednjim industrijskim poduzećima. Ovaj članak slijedi novi pristup, umjesto analiziranja odgovora izvršnih direktora prikupljenih putem upitnika, kontaktiralo se s upraviteljima komercijalne i marketinške funkcije. Posljedično, ovo je prva studija ovakve vrste koja obuhvaća one koji implementiraju marketinšku strategiju umjesto onih koji je definiraju u industrijskim malim i srednjim poduzećima. Na temelju 154 važeća odgovora može se zaključiti da na razini 1% signifikantnosti interna tržišna orijentacija pozitivno utječe na eksternu tržišnu orijentaciju, eksterna tržišna orijentacija utječe na inovacije, a one utječu na poslovne performanse. Osim toga, tržišna orijentacija i organizacijska predanost utječu na performanse samo na razini 5% signifikantnosti

Exploring the meaning of social innovation: a categorisation scheme based on the level of policy intervention, profit orientation and geographical scale

There has been a growing interest in academia regarding the term 'social innovation', including in disciplines such as sociology, administration, history, management, psychology, and economics. The literature highlights the lack of scientific clarity in the use of the term, and some scholars argue that the term is no more than a 'buzzword' or a 'fad'. This article focusses on the analysis of the conceptualizations of social innovation, contrasting sociological and economical approaches, and adopts an integrative approach to propose a categorization scheme of social innovation projects based on three distinct variables, namely the level of policy support, the profit orientation and the geographical scale. We argue that government support and the scalability of social innovations should be carefully pondered depending on the characteristics of the social innovation initiatives. We conclude that policy support should privilege social innovation initiatives that, while having the potential to deliver social good, are constrained by market failures. In addition, we also argue in favour of policy support for small bottom-up initiatives that have a profit-logic but are not sufficiently robust to survive on their own due to the liabilities of smallness and newness. Finally, we advise caution in public policies supporting scale-up strategies and highlighted the inherent challenges

Assessing the challenges of service quality in the Terra Quente Transmontana, Portugal

Service quality is a major issue because is the result of a judgmental value that involves both the expectations as well as the perceptions of the customers. Despite its tremendous growth in Portugal, little is known about service quality neither in rural areas nor how it is perceived in the Terra Quente Transmontana. This article has two main purposes. Firstly, to compare the service provided by rural lodging units to entertainment services in rural areas and, secondly, to pave the way for the analysis of the services that influence the satisfaction of the Terra Quente Transmontana as tourist destination. The methodology is based on a Principal Components Analysis to both rural lodging units and entertainment services. The main conclusion is that both services are perceived differently by their customers. Consequently, it is mandatory to develop a cluster of services tuned to the different segments in order to develop the Terra Quente Transmontana as tourist destination

ASSIMETRIA DE INFORMAÇÃO NO MERCADO IMOBILIÁRIO: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA

This goal of this article is to present a review of the literature on information asymmetry in real estate. The literature review is based on four different points: property price distortions caused by the lack of information and illiquidity of the market; adverse selection; the predictability of returns in real estate; and real estate depreciation, relating the selling time with the property age. In order to perform the literature review, the main international journals on economics, finance, real estate, accounting, and geography were consulted, using “information asymmetry” as keyword. The article calls the attention to the concerns of information all those who enter the property market should have and the deviations that may occur regarding fair value, related to the four points above mentioned. It is also possible to conclude that there is a clear underrepresentation of studies in the accounting and fiscal areas addressing information asymmetry.O presente artículo tiene como objetivo presentar una revisión de la literatura sobre la asimetría de la información en el mercado inmobiliario. La revisión de la literatura se basa en cuatro puntos distintos: las distorsiones en el precio del mercado inmobiliario, provocadas por la falta de información y por la iliquidez del mercado; la selección adversa; la previsibilidad de los retornos en el mercado inmobiliario; y la depreciación inmobiliaria, relacionando los tiempos de venta con la edad de la habitación. Para efectuar la revisión de la literatura fueron consultadas las principales revistas internacionales de las áreas de la economía, finanzas, inmobiliario, contabilidad y geografía, siendo siempre utilizada en la investigación la palabra-clave “asimetría de información”. El artículo alerta para las preocupaciones de la información que debe tener quien entra en el mercado inmobiliario y las deviaciones que pueden ocurrir relativamente al justo valor, asociados a los cuatro pontos mencionados. Es también posible concluir que existe una clara sub-representación de estudios en las áreas de la contabilidad y fiscalidad abordando la asimetría da información.O presente artigo tem como objetivo apresentar uma revisão da literatura sobre a assimetria de informação no mercado imobiliário. A revisão da literatura assenta-se em quatro pontos distintos: as distorções nos preços do mercado imobiliário, provocadas pela falta de informação e pela iliquidez do mercado; a seleção adversa; a previsibilidade dos retornos no mercado imobiliário; e a depreciação imobiliária, relacionando os tempos de venda com a idade da habitação. Para efetuar a revisão da literatura foram consultadas as principais revistas internacionais das áreas da economia, finanças, imobiliário, contabilidade e geografia, sendo sempre utilizada na pesquisa a palavra-chave “assimetria de informação”. O artigo alerta para as preocupações de informação que deve ter quem vai entrar no mercado imobiliário e os desvios que podem ocorrer relativamente ao justo valor, associados aos quatro pontos supracitados. É também possível concluir que existe uma clara sub-representação de estudos na área da contabilidade e fiscalidade abordando a assimetria da informação

AVALIAÇÃO IMOBILIÁRIA SOB A PERSPECTIVA DAS EXTERNALIDADES: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA

This article is part of an on going research about real state assessment in Portugal. It aims at reviewing the literature on positive and negative externalities that have direct and indirect impact on real estate evaluation. Initially the article addresses positive and negative externalities, which are important aspects to be considered in real estate investment. Subsequently the article addresses the externalities related to the investments layout variation. Finally, there are several summarizing tables of externalities types and the authors who analyze them. Clearly, it is concluded that positive and negative externalities are related to the symbolic control and material of the urban modernity demand. Some limitations were found. Among them, stands out the lack of knowledge on how the demand for urban modernity, leisure or family usefulness can positively or negatively influence the value of real estate evaluation.Este artigo faz parte de uma investigação académica sobre a avaliação imobiliária em Portugal. O seu principal objectivo é o de fazer uma revisão bibliográfica sobre externalidades que têm impacto directo e indirecto na avaliação imobiliária. No início do artigo são abordadas as externalidades urbanas positivas e negativas, que são aspectos importantes a considerar no investimento imobiliário. Posteriormente são abordadas as externalidades relacionadas com as variações de layout dos investimentos. Finalmente, são feitos uns quadros resumos sobre os tipos de externalidades e os diversos autores que as analisam. Claramente, constata-se que existem externalidades positivas e/ou negativas que estão relacionadas com o controlo simbólico e material da procura da modernidade urbanística. Apontam-se também algumas limitações. Entre elas destaca-se a lacuna de se desconhecer em que medida a procura de modernidade urbanística, de lazer ou de utilidade familiar pode influenciar positiva ou negativamente o valor da avaliação imobiliária

Why Are Outcomes Different for Registry Patients Enrolled Prospectively and Retrospectively? Insights from the Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF).

Background: Retrospective and prospective observational studies are designed to reflect real-world evidence on clinical practice, but can yield conflicting results. The GARFIELD-AF Registry includes both methods of enrolment and allows analysis of differences in patient characteristics and outcomes that may result. Methods and Results: Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ≥1 risk factor for stroke at diagnosis of AF were recruited either retrospectively (n = 5069) or prospectively (n = 5501) from 19 countries and then followed prospectively. The retrospectively enrolled cohort comprised patients with established AF (for a least 6, and up to 24 months before enrolment), who were identified retrospectively (and baseline and partial follow-up data were collected from the emedical records) and then followed prospectively between 0-18 months (such that the total time of follow-up was 24 months; data collection Dec-2009 and Oct-2010). In the prospectively enrolled cohort, patients with newly diagnosed AF (≤6 weeks after diagnosis) were recruited between Mar-2010 and Oct-2011 and were followed for 24 months after enrolment. Differences between the cohorts were observed in clinical characteristics, including type of AF, stroke prevention strategies, and event rates. More patients in the retrospectively identified cohort received vitamin K antagonists (62.1% vs. 53.2%) and fewer received non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (1.8% vs . 4.2%). All-cause mortality rates per 100 person-years during the prospective follow-up (starting the first study visit up to 1 year) were significantly lower in the retrospective than prospectively identified cohort (3.04 [95% CI 2.51 to 3.67] vs . 4.05 [95% CI 3.53 to 4.63]; p = 0.016). Conclusions: Interpretations of data from registries that aim to evaluate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with AF must take account of differences in registry design and the impact of recall bias and survivorship bias that is incurred with retrospective enrolment. Clinical Trial Registration: - URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier for GARFIELD-AF (NCT01090362)

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Events tourism: strategic challenges of João Pessoa City (Brazil).

Los autores analizan los desafíos estratégicos del turismo de eventos en la ciudad de João Pessoa, en Paraíba, Brasil. Partiendo de un conjunto de diez entrevistas, tres con instituciones públicas responsables de la actividad turística del Estado de Paraíba, dos con instituciones privadas responsables de la captación de eventos y cinco con empresas pessoenses dedicadas a la promoción y organización de eventos, los autores concluyen que João Pessoa se encuentra en una fase embrionaria en el turismo de eventos. Debido a sus características naturales se afirma que João Pessoa puede (y debe) posicionarse como destino status.ABSTRACT: The authors analyse the main strategic challenges of tourism of events in João Pessoa city, Paraíba, Brazil. Departing from a set of ten interviews, three with public institutions responsible for the tourist activities in Paraíba State, Brazil, two with private institutions responsible for booking events and with five pessoan firms that provide events services, the authors conclude that João Pessoa is in the embryonic state in the tourism of events. Due to its natural characteristics, it can be concluded that João Pessoa can (and should) position itself in the events market as a status destination

Enhancing design thinking approaches to innovation through gamification

Purpose The paper aims to explore the relationship between gamification and design thinking approach to innovation in the context of the early stage of innovation process (ESoIP). Design thinking is conceptually appropriate to support innovative, complex and uncertain business environments. Still, its practices have demonstrated some difficulties in managing the ESoIP, such as lack of structure and clarity around goals. This paper argues that gamification can enhance and complement design thinking in the management of firms' ESoIP. Design/methodology/approach Given the need to achieve a deeper understanding of the linkages between gamification and design thinking, the paper follows an exploratory theory building approach for this complex reality of innovation. The case study research method was conducted in three firms (Trivalor, Novartis and Microsoft) that applied a gamification approach to the ESoIP. Findings The results demonstrate that gamification has the power to enhance and complement design thinking practices by getting tasks more organized and improving coordination and employees' engagement in the innovation process. Practical implications The paper provides critical managerial contributions on how firms can use gamification to improve design thinking approaches to ESoIP. Its consequences are also crucial to innovation, R&amp;D, and product/service development managers interested in using gamification to support the ideation and concept development of new solutions complementing traditional design thinking approaches. Originality/value Merging the gamification and design thinking approaches is novel, particularly on firms' ESoIP. The paper provides a comprehensive discussion of design thinking shortcomings and the role that gamification can play in overcoming them