An Update on What is Happening in Orthopaedics in 2018: A Look Into the Future of Orthopaedics

Guest Comment by Dr. C.V. Anathakrishna

Zero Code and Infrastructure Research Data Portals

Data portals are web applications that facilitate data discovery, access, and sharing. They are essential to meet the FAIR data principles and for advancing open science, fostering interdisciplinary collaborations, and enhancing the reproducibility of research findings. We present a novel zero code and infrastructure approach to simplify and accelerate the creation and customization of data portals. Our data portals do not require an application server and can be served from static content hosting services, removing the need to administer infrastructure. We present a new generator approach to portal development which allows users to create highly customized and powerful data portals by modifying only a JSON document

Ultrasound of the airway

Currently, the role of ultrasound (US) in anaesthesia-related airway assessment and procedural interventions is encouraging, though it is still ill defined. US can visualise anatomical structures in the supraglottic, glottic and subglottic regions. The floor of the mouth can be visualised by both transcutaneous view of the neck and also by transoral or sublinguial views. However, imaging the epiglottis can be challenging as it is suspended in air. US may detect signs suggestive of difficult intubation, but the data are limited. Other possible applications in airway management include confirmation of correct endotracheal tube placement, prediction of post-extubation stridor, evaluation of soft tissue masses in the neck prior to intubation, assessment of subglottic diameter for determination of paediatric endotracheal tube size and percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy. With development of better probes, high-resolution imaging, real-time picture and clinical experience, US has become the potential first-line noninvasive airway assessment tool in anaesthesia and intensive care practice

The effect of yoga in stress reduction for dental students performing their first periodontal surgery: A randomized controlled study

Context: The dental students experience a lot of stress, which increase when they perform their first surgical procedure. Yoga as an anxiolytic tool in anxiety reduction has been practiced over centuries in India. Aim: To assess the efficacy of yoga in reducing the state trait anxiety of dental students before their first periodontal surgery performance. Settings and Design: A randomized controlled study using a two-way split plot design (pre-post-test) was conducted in the department of periodontics, Pacific Dental College, Udaipur, India. Materials and Methods: One hundred clinical dental students who were ready to perform their first periodontal surgery were selected. Students were randomly assigned to two groups and were given a 60-min session on stress reduction. Group A, yogic intervention group, were instructed to do yoga and their performances were monitored for a period of one week and Group B, control group, were given a lecture on stress reduction without any yoga instructions. The investigator who was unaware of the groups had taken the state trait anxiety score of the students three times a) before assigning them to each group, b) prior to the surgical procedure and c) immediately after the performance of surgery. Statistical Analysis Used: Analyses of variance (ANOVA) by SPSS V.16. Results: The statistical results showed a significant reduction in the VAS and state trait anxiety of Group A compared to Group B (ANOVA; P<0.001). Conclusions: This study concludes that Yogic breathing has a significant effect on the reduction of state trait anxiety level of dental students

Multiparameter segmented scan multichannel scaling system

A PC based data acquisition cum control system has been developed using a general purpose interface bus (GPIB/IEEE-488/IEC-625) plug in card and GPIB interfaceable NIM electronics for use in experiments on absorption spectroscopy studies of molecules using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF), resonance multiphoton ionization (REMPI), electron impact ionization and dissociative attachment from the ground state as well as from excited states, to name a few examples. Unlike commercially available multichannel scalers, this system can handle several parameters as the acquisition parameter (e.g., dye laser) is scanned over the desired wavelength in preselected segments saving precious data acquisition time. This system has been tested on laser excited dissociative electron attachment experiments

Dynamical simulation of Indian summer monsoon circulation, rainfall and its interannual variability using a high resolution atmospheric general circulation model

This paper discusses the simulations of Indian summer monsoon (ISM) using a high-resolution National Center for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) T170/L42 model for a 20-year period (1985–2004) with observed Sea Surface Temperature (SSTs) as boundary conditions and using five initial conditions in the first week of May. Good agreement is found between the observed and simulated climatologies. Interannual variability (IAV) of the ISM rainfall as simulated in individual ensemble members and as provided by ensemble average shows that the two series are found to agree well; however, the simulation of the actual observed year-to-year variability is poor. The model simulations do not show much skill in the simulation of drought and excess monsoon seasons. One aspect which has emerged from the study is that where dynamical seasonal prediction has specific base for the large areal and temporal averages, the technique is not to be stretched for application on short areal scale such as that of a cluster of a few grid point. Monsoon onset over Kerala (MOK) coast of India and advance from Kerala coast to northwest India is discussed based on ensemble average and individual ensemble member basis. It is suggested that the model is capable of realistically simulating these processes, particularly if ensemble average is used, as the intermember spread in the ensemble members is large. In short, the high-resolution model appears to provide better climatology and its magnitude of IAV, which compares favourably with observations, although year-to-year matching of the observed and simulated seasonal/monthly rainfall totals for India as a whole is not good. Copyright © 2010 Royal Meteorological Societ