THE RELATION BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT IN NURSING STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF SUICIDAL BEHAVIORS

Objective: to determine the relationship between depression and perceived social support in nursing students in the context of suicidal behaviors.Method: secondary analysis of data from a previous study. Sample from the census of nursing students in Costa Rica. Data collection performed by LimeSurveyduring 2020 by means of self-administered questionnaire composed of sociodemographic data section, Beck-II depression inventory and multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Descriptive analysis and Pearson correlation were used.Results: The majority were female (79.5%), with a mean age of 22.15 years; 85.8% reported mild to minimal depression; 92.2% reported high perceived social support. A significant inverse correlation was identified between level of depression and perceived social support (r=-0.44, p<0.01).Conclusion: The understanding about mental health conditions by nursing science is broadened to improve care practices in a specific group

RELACIÓN DEPRESIÓN Y APOYO SOCIAL PERCIBIDO EN ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA EN EL CONTEXTO DE CONDUCTAS SUICIDAS

Objetivo: determinar la relación entre depresión y apoyo social percibido en estudiantes de enfermería en el contexto de las conductas suicidas.Método: análisis secundario de datos de un estudio previo. Muestra censal en estudiantes de enfermería de Costa Rica. Recolección de datos realizada por LimeSurvey durante el 2020 con una encuesta autoadministrada compuesta de sección de datos sociodemográficos, inventario de depresión de Beck-II y escala multidimensional de apoyo social percibido. Se utilizó análisis descriptivo y correlación de Pearson.Resultados: la mayoría era del género femenino (79,5%), con un promedio de 22,15 años. El 85,8% manifestó un nivel mínimo-leve de depresión, el 92,2% evidenció un apoyo social percibido alto. Se identificó una correlación inversa significativa entre nivel de depresión y apoyo social percibido (r=-0.44, p<0.01).Conclusión: se amplía la comprensión de condiciones de salud mental desde la ciencia de enfermería que podría mejorar las prácticas de cuidado en un grupo específico.

RELAÇÃO ENTRE A DEPRESSÃO E O APOIO SOCIAL PERCEBIDO NOS ESTUDANTES DE ENFERMAGEM NO CONTEXTO DE COMPORTAMENTOS SUICIDAS

Objetivo: determinar a relação entre a depressão e o apoio social percebido nos estudantes de enfermagem no contexto de comportamentos suicidas.Método: análise secundária de dados de um estudo anterior. Amostra do censo dos estudantes de enfermagem na Costa Rica. Coleta de dados realizada por LimeSurvey during 2020 por meio de questionário autoadministrado composto por seção de dados sociodemográficos, inventário de depressão Beck-II e escala multidimensional de apoio social percebido. Foram utilizadas a análise descritiva e a correlação de Pearson.Resultados: A maioria era do sexo feminino (79,5%), com idade média de 22,15 anos; 85,8% referiram depressão ligeira a mínima; 92,2% referiram elevado apoio social percebido. Foi identificada correlação inversa significativa entre o nível de depressão e a percepção do apoio social (r=-0,44, p<0,01).Conclusão: Amplia-se a compreensão acerca das condições de saúde mental por parte da ciência da enfermagem para que se possa melhorar as práticas de cuidados em um grupo específico

Rural Tourism And Its Socio-Environmental Impact In Puerto Vicente Guerrero, Mexico

Las comunidades costeras han adoptado el modelo turístico rural por efecto de la derrama económica que se producen en grandes centros turísticos. Puerto Vicente Guerrero, no es la excepción, la comunidad adaptó el espacio a dicho modelo de negocio. El objetivo de esta investigación fue, el análisis de los impactos socioambientales ocasionadas por el turismo rural de base comunitaria en Puerto Vicente Guerrero en México. En tanto, la metodología usada se llevaron a cabo 20 entrevistas a informantes claves que viven en la comunidad y tienen algún vínculo con el sector turístico, posteriormente se realizó un análisis del discurso para la comprensión del contexto de la vida cotidiana y su gestión en dicho sector. Como resultados relevantes se identificó una comunidad sin capacidad de respuesta para atender el público en masa, nula planificación de la comunidad que terminó agudizando los problemas socioambientales y un desarrollo turístico que tiene condiciones de infraestructuras mínimas, sumado la escasez de agua potable. La comunidad tiene una débil gestión en la adopción de un modelo de negocio con base en el turismo, sin embargo, el potencial turístico puede impulsarlos como un punto de referencia y competir con las ciudades de mayor demanda entre los que destacan Acapulco y Zihuatanejo en Guerrero.Coastal communities have adopted the rural tourism model due to the economic benefits that occur in large tourist centers. Puerto Vicente Guerrero is no exception, the community adapted the space to this business model. The objective of this research was the analysis of the socio-environmental impacts caused by community-based rural tourism in Puerto Vicente Guerrero in Mexico. Meanwhile, the methodology used, 20 interviews were carried out with key informants who live in the community and have some link with the tourism sector, later a discourse analysis was carried out to understand the context of daily life and its management in said sector. As relevant results, a community without response capacity to serve the public en masse, zero community planning that ended up exacerbating socio-environmental problems and a tourism development that has minimal infrastructure conditions, added to the scarcity of drinking water, was identified. The community has a weak management in the adoption of a business model based on tourism, however, the tourism potential can promote them as a point of reference and compete with the cities with the highest demand, among which Acapulco and Zihuatanejo in Guerrero stand out

An Assessment of the Effect of Human Herpesvirus-6 Replication on Active Cytomegalovirus Infection after Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation

Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) may enhance cytomegalovirus (CMV) replication in allogeneic stem cell transplant (allo-SCT) recipients either through direct or indirect mechanisms. Definitive evidence supporting this hypothesis are lacking. We investigated the effect of HHV-6 replication on active CMV infection in 68 allo-SCT recipients. Analysis of plasma HHV-6 and CMV DNAemia was performed by real-time PCR. Enumeration of pp65 and IE-1 CMV-specific IFNγ CD8+ and CD4+T cells was performed by intracellular cytokine staining. HHV-6 DNAemia occurred in 39.8% of patients, and was significantly associated with subsequent CMV DNAemia in univariate (P=.01), but not in multivariate analysis (P=.65). The peak of HHV-6 DNAemia was not predictive of the development of CMV DNAemia. Timing and kinetics of active CMV infection were comparable in patients either with or without a preceding episode of HHV-6 DNAemia. The occurrence of HHV-6 DNAemia had no impact on CMV-specific T cell immunity reconstitution early after transplant. The receipt of a graft from an HLA-mismatched donor was independently associated with HHV-6 (P=.009) and CMV reactivation (P=.04). The data favor the hypothesis that a state of severe immunosuppression leads to HHV-6 and CMV coactivation, but argue against a role of HHV-6 in predisposing to the development of CMV DNAemia or influencing the course of active CMV infection

Sugar Content in Processed Foods in Spain and a Comparison of Mandatory Nutrition Labelling and Laboratory Values

To reduce the sugar content of processed foods through reformulation, the first step is to determine the content of the largest sources of sugars in each country’s diet. The aim of this work was to describe the sugar content in the most commonly consumed processed foods in Spain and to compare that sugar’s labelling and laboratory analysis values (LVs and AVs, respectively) to confirm its adequacy. A sample of the 1173 most commonly consumed processed foods in Spain (28 groups; 77 subcategories) was collected. For each product, the total sugar content was compared according to its AV and LV. The median (25th –75th percentiles, interquartile range) sugar content by group was calculated for the total sample, and the groups were classified as “high sugar content” when this value was above 22.5 g/100g of product. The adequacy of the LV, according to the European Union (EU) tolerance requirements, was then evaluated, and each subcategory median was compared with the AV to determine its appropriateness via a median test for independent samples (p < 0.05). In total, 10 out of 28 groups presented high sugar content. Moreover, 98.4% of the products met the EU tolerance ranges. Finally, only one subcategory (“cured ham”) presented significant differences between the AV and LV median values (0.4 g vs. 0.1 g sugar/100g, p < 0.05). The groups of food products whose sugar content reduction could have the greatest impact on public health were identified. In addition, our study showed the high adequacy of LV with the EU labeling tolerance requirements, as well as the LV’s appropriateness as a tool to implement actions aimed at reducing sugar consumption

Re-evaluating the Self-Report Habit Index: the cases of Physical Activity and Snacking habits

Objective. The Self-Report Habit Index (SRHI) was originally reported as one-dimensional (Verplanken and Orbell, 2003). Nevertheless, habit has been described as characterized by several features, and one-dimensional models for the SRHI have shown poor fit. Therefore, we aimed to compare multi-dimensional models with a one-dimension model in both snacking and physical activity habits, besides examining further instrument characteristics. Design. A cross-sectional study was conducted with high school and university students (n = 555). Main outcome measure. The SRHI adapted for physical activity and for snaking habits was applied at one single time. Results. Nested models with one factor, two factors, and three factors were compared. Then, a hierarchical second-order model was tested, and further validity issues, as well as invariance between habits, were examined. Three-dimensional models represented a better fit for both habits. However, fit was still non-adequate in the snacking version. Also, discriminant validity concerns raised for the physical activity SRHI. Also, invariance between the snacking and the physical activity versions was not confirmed. Conclusions. Considering the SRHI as composed by the dimensions of “lack of awareness”, “lack of control”, and “history of behavioural repetition” seems to be more accurate. Nevertheless, our findings suggest that further research is needed.Universidad de Costa Rica/[723-B7-306]/UCR/Costa RicaUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Sociales::Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIP

Polymorphisms within the TNFSF4 and MAPKAPK2 Loci influence the risk of developing invasive aspergillosis: A two-stage case control study in the context of the aspBIOmics consortium

Here, we assessed whether 36 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the TNFSF4 and MAPKAPK2 loci influence the risk of developing invasive aspergillosis (IA). We conducted a two-stage case control study including 911 high-risk patients diagnosed with hematological malignancies that were ascertained through the aspBIOmics consortium. The meta-analysis of the discovery and replication populations revealed that carriers of the TNFSF4rs7526628T/T genotype had a significantly increased risk of developing IA (p = 0.00022). We also found that carriers of the TNFSF4rs7526628T allele showed decreased serum levels of TNFSF14 protein (p = 0.0027), and that their macrophages had a decreased fungicidal activity (p = 0.048). In addition, we observed that each copy of the MAPKAPK2rs12137965G allele increased the risk of IA by 60% (p = 0.0017), whereas each copy of the MAPKAPK2rs17013271T allele was estimated to decrease the risk of developing the disease (p = 0.0029). Mechanistically, we found that carriers of the risk MAPKAPK2rs12137965G allele showed increased numbers of CD38+IgM-IgD- plasmablasts in blood (p = 0.00086), whereas those harboring two copies of the allele had decreased serum concentrations of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (p = 0.00097). Finally, we also found that carriers of the protective MAPKAPK2rs17013271T allele had decreased numbers of CD27-IgM-IgD- B cells (p = 0.00087) and significantly lower numbers of CD14+ and CD14+CD16- cells (p = 0.00018 and 0.00023). Altogether, these results suggest a role of the TNFSF4 and MAPKAPK2 genes in determining IA risk.This study was supported by grants PI20/01845, PI12/02688, and ISCIII-FEDER PI17/02276 from Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (Madrid, Spain), PIM2010EPA-00756 from the ERA-NET PathoGenoMics (0315900A), the Collaborative Research Center/Transregio 124 FungiNet, the Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) (PTDC/SAU-SER/29635/2017, PTDC/MED-GEN/28778/2017, CEECIND/03628/2017, and CEECIND/04058/2018), the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 847507, and the "la Caixa" Foundation (ID 100010434) and FCT under the agreement LCF/PR/HP17/52190003)

Multicentre, randomised, single-blind, parallel group trial to compare the effectiveness of a Holter for Parkinson's symptoms against other clinical monitoring methods: study protocol

Introduction In recent years, multiple studies have aimed to develop and validate portable technological devices capable of monitoring the motor complications of Parkinson's disease patients (Parkinson's Holter). The effectiveness of these monitoring devices for improving clinical control is not known. Methods and analysis This is a single-blind, cluster-randomised controlled clinical trial. Neurologists from Spanish health centres will be randomly assigned to one of three study arms (1:1:1): (a) therapeutic adjustment using information from a Parkinson?s Holter that will be worn by their patients for 7 days, (b) therapeutic adjustment using information from a diary of motor fluctuations that will be completed by their patients for 7 days and (c) therapeutic adjustment using clinical information collected during consultation. It is expected that 162 consecutive patients will be included over a period of 6 months. The primary outcome is the efficiency of the Parkinson?s Holter compared with traditional clinical practice in terms of Off time reduction with respect to the baseline (recorded through a diary of motor fluctuations, which will be completed by all patients). As secondary outcomes, changes in variables related to other motor complications (dyskinesia and freezing of gait), quality of life, autonomy in activities of daily living, adherence to the monitoring system and number of doctor?patient contacts will be analysed. The noninferiority of the Parkinson's Holter against the diary of motor fluctuations in terms of Off time reduction will be studied as the exploratory objective. Ethics and dissemination approval for this study has been obtained from the Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge Ethics Committee. The results of this study will inform the practical utility of the objective information provided by a Parkinson's Holter and, therefore, the convenience of adopting this technology in clinical practice and in future clinical trials. We expect public dissemination of the results in 2022.Funding This work is supported by AbbVie S.L.U, the Instituto de Salud Carlos III [DTS17/00195] and the European Fund for Regional Development, 'A way to make Europe'

Territorio, Recursos Naturales y Ambiente: hacia una historia comparada : Estudio a través de Argentina, México, Costa Rica, Haití, Paraguay, Uruguay y Venezuela

Libro -- Universidad de Costa Rica. Centro de Investigaciones Geofísicas, 2014Nuestro objetivo principal ha sido establecer parámetros para una estudio comparativo de los recursos naturales y el ambiente, en función del territorio, en América Latina, a partir del estudio de casos particulares. Más concetamente, nos propusimos determinar: 1. las formas de conocimiento sobre el territorio, sus recursos naturales y su ambiente; y caracterizar los estilos científicos prevalecientes en cada etapa y región; 2. el papel de las instituciones y programas científicos en la formación de una tradición ambientalista local y las modalidades de desarrollo de estas temáticas a lo largo de la historia latinaomericana; 3. los parámetros de comprensión de las temáticas territoriales y ambientales desde las normativas y las políticas públicas de los estados; 4. los objetivos, áreas de investigación,campos de interés y resultados, según surgen de las publicaciones, productos y documentación científicos.Universidad de Costa Rica. Instituto Panamericano de Geografía e Historia (IPGH) Proyecto GEO 01.2013 – HIST. 02.2013.UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Centro de Investigaciones Geofísicas (CIGEFI