The social movement that shifted the debate on abortion in Colombia

Colombia’s Constitutional Court decriminalised abortion last February. From now on, any woman or pregnant person will now be able to interrupt their pregnancy voluntarily up to the 24th week, but the road to the court’s ruling has involved a series of educational, activist and awareness-raising efforts, as Ana Cristina González Vélez (Mesa por la Vida y la Salud de las Mujeres) resembles

Double aortic arch diagnosed in a 44-year-old woman with recurring respiratory infections

Complete vascular rings are originated because of the persistence of the fourth aortic arches, which surround the trachea and esophagus partially or completely, compressing them. The most common type of complete vascular ring is the double aortic arch. Symptoms usually appear in the first months of life, and are provoked by esophageal and tracheal compression. The diagnosis is usually made through the chest X-ray and the esophagogram in patients with dysphagia. We present a case in which the diagnosis of a double aortic arch was made in adulthood, suspected through a spirometry test and a chest X-ray

Effect of intracardiac blood flow pulsatility during radiofrequency cardiac ablation: computer modeling study

[EN] Purpose To assess the effect of intracardiac blood flow pulsatility on tissue and blood distributions during radiofrequency (RF) cardiac ablation (RFCA). Methods A three-dimensional computer model was used to simulate constant power ablations with an irrigated-tip electrode and three possible catheter orientations (perpendicular, parallel and 45 degrees). Continuous flow and three different pulsatile flow profiles were considered, with four average blood velocity values: 3, 5.5, 8.5 and 24.4 cm/s. The 50 degrees C contour was used to assess thermal lesion size. Results The differences in lesion size between continuous flow and the different pulsatile flow profiles were always less than 1 mm. As regards maximum tissue temperature, the differences between continuous and pulsatile flow were always less than 1 degrees C, with slightly higher differences in maximum blood temperature, but never over 6 degrees C. While the progress of maximum tissue temperature was identical for continuous and pulsatile flow, maximum blood temperature with the pulsatile profile showed small amplitude oscillations associated with blood flow pulsatility. Conclusions The findings show that intracardiac blood pulsatility has a negligible effect on lesion size and a very limited impact on maximum tissue and blood temperatures, which suggests that future experimental studies based on ex vivo or in silico models can ignore pulsatility in intracardiac blood flow.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades under 'Programa Estatal de IthornDthorni Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad', Grant No. 'RTI2018-094357-B-C21'.Parés, C.; Berjano, E.; González-Suárez, A. (2021). Effect of intracardiac blood flow pulsatility during radiofrequency cardiac ablation: computer modeling study. International Journal of Hyperthermia. 38(1):316-325. https://doi.org/10.1080/02656736.2021.1890240S31632538

The use of two relations in L-fuzzy contexts

In the analysis of relations among the elements of two sets it is usual to obtain different values depending on the point of view from which these relations are measured. The main goal of the paper is the modelization of these situations by means of a generalization of the L-fuzzy concept analysis called L-fuzzy bicontext. We study the L-fuzzy concepts of these L-fuzzy bicontexts obtaining some interesting results. Specifically, we will be able to classify the biconcepts of the L-fuzzy bicontext. Finally, a practical case is developed using this new tool.This work has been partially supported by the Research Group “Intelligent Systems and Energy (SI+E)” of the Basque Government, under Grant IT677-13, by the Research Groups “Artificial Intelligence and Approximate Reasoning” and “Adquisición de conocimiento y minería de datos, funciones especiales y métodos numéricos avanzados” of the Public University of Navarra and by project TIN2013-40765-P

Overexpression of mitochondrial if1 prevents metastatic disease of colorectal cancer by enhancing anoikis and tumor infiltration of NK cells

Increasing evidences show that the ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 (IF1), the physiological inhibitor of the ATP synthase, is overexpressed in a large number of carcinomas contributing to metabolic reprogramming and cancer progression. Herein, we show that in contrast to the findings in other carcinomas, the overexpression of IF1 in a cohort of colorectal carcinomas (CRC) predicts less chances of disease recurrence, IF1 being an independent predictor of survival. Bioinformatic and gene expression analyses of the transcriptome of colon cancer cells with differential expression of IF1 indicate that cells overexpressing IF1 display a less aggressive behavior than IF1 silenced (shIF1) cells. Proteomic and functional in vitro migration and invasion assays confirmed the higher tumorigenic potential of shIF1 cells. Moreover, shIF1 cells have increased in vivo metastatic potential. The higher metastatic potential of shIF1 cells relies on increased cFLIP-mediated resistance to undergo anoikis after cell detachment. Furthermore, tumor spheroids of shIF1 cells have an increased ability to escape from immune surveillance by NK cells. Altogether, the results reveal that the overexpression of IF1 acts as a tumor suppressor in CRC with an important anti-metastatic role, thus supporting IF1 as a potential therapeutic target in CRCThis research was funded by grants from Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (SAF2013-41945-R, SAF2016-75916-R and SAF2016-75452-R), CIBERER-ISCIII (CB06/07/0017) and Fundación Ramón Areces, Spai

Cononocimiento del profesor sobre pensamiento estadístico

En este artículo se muestran los diferentes elementos del pensamiento estadístico a través de la práctica de dos profesoras. Dado que se parte de la práctica docente, el marco metodológico es el modelo del cuarteto del conocimiento. Este modelo permite determinar el conocimiento movilizado en una clase a través de las situaciones o tareas que plantea el profesor a sus alumnos. Se describen brevemente los elementos del pensamiento estadístico y su asociación con cada una de las dimensiones del cuarteto a través de diversos episodios de aula al trabajar el tópico de los gráficos estadísticos. Esta recopilación puede constituir una muestra del conocimiento que debe tener un profesor y que puede guiar el diseño de la formación de profesores

Transesterification of rapeseed oil with methanol in the presence of various co-solvents

Comunicação apresentada no «Third International Symposium on Energy from Biomass and Waste», Venice(Italy), Novembro 2010In this study, transesterification of rapeseed oil using various co-solvents(diethyl ether (DEE), dibutyl ether (diBE), tert-butyl methyl ether (tBME), diisopropyl ether (diIPE), tetrahydrofuran (THF), and acetone) was studied. The variables affecting the ester yield during transesterification reaction, such as catalyst content, methanol:oil molar ratio, methanol:cosolvent molar ratio, co-solvent type, catalysts type, agitation rate and reaction temperature were investigated. The process was monitored by gas chromatography, determining the concentration of the methyl esters. Biodiesel was characterized according to ISO norms. Among the studied co-solvents, the DEE and tBME take to the best results, however diIPE, diBE and acetone hardly improve the obtained results using only methanol. Within the range of studied variability, the rest of variables do not exercise a very significant influence. The best results are obtained with 0.7 % of KOH, a molar ratio methanol/oil of 9:1, a molar ratio co-solvent/methanol 1:1, an agitation rate of 700 rpm and a temperature of 30 º