Efectos nutritivos del nostoc (cushuro) en los niños desnutridos de 1 a 3 años del distrito de Amarilis-2007

The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of nostoc sp in children 1 to 3 years Amarilis District 2007, province and department of Huanuco. The research was experimental and intervention, longitudinal and prospective, the sample is up to 20 children from 1 to 3 years, divided into two experimental groups and control. To collect information using a structured form, using tables Waterlow It assessed the nutritional status. The results were significant, complementary food based Nostoc improving the nutritional status of children and the value of calculated t statistic = 3.096, and the level of significance for our study was 0.05. Also worth noting that before the children of 1 years of age to 5% had mild and AFTER 5% of children in this age of nutritional status is normal. In children 2 years of age before 25% mild, and then in 15% of normal children of their nutritional status and 5% were overweight. In children 3 years old before the 20% were mild, and then in 15% of their nutritional status is normal.El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el grado de eficacia del nostoc sp en los niños de 1 a 3 años del Distrito de Amarilis 2007, provincia y departamento de Huánuco. La investigación fue tipo experimental o de intervención, longitudinal y prospectivo; la muestra lo conformaron 20 niños de 1 a 3 años, distribuidos en dos grupos experimental y control. Para la recolección de información se utilizó un formulario estructurado, tablas de Waterlow mediante ello se evaluó el estado nutricional. Los resultados logrados fueron significativos, la alimentación complementaria a base de nostoc mejora el estado nutricional de los niños, siendo el valor de t = 3,096 estadística calculada, y cuyo nivel de significancia para nuestro estudio fue de 0,05. Así mismo cabe resaltar que antes del estudio los niños de 1 año de edad presentaban el 5% de desnutrición leve y DESPUÉS en 5% de niños de esta edad su estado nutricional es normal. En los niños de 2 años de edad ANTES el 25% con desnutrición leve y DESPUÉS, en 15% de niños su estado nutricional normal y el 5% estaba en sobrepeso. En los niños de 3 años de edad ANTES el 20% presentaba desnutrición leve y DESPUÉS, en 15% su estado nutricional es normal

Twogether: Más que una pulsera

Twogether es un producto nuevo en el mercado peruano, creado para mitigar el efecto del distanciamiento social obligatorio en las parejas de nuestro país. Se trata de un par de pulseras conectadas a través de una aplicación y tecnología Bluetooth, las cuales al momento de apretarse le dan una señal a la persona que tenga otro par, brindándole un momento de felicidad. Teniendo en cuenta la tranquilidad de nuestros usuarios, las pulseras serán revisadas con un estricto control de calidad para así poder garantizar que nuestros clientes se lleven un excelente producto. Para que este proyecto brinde la garantía requerida de manera eficiente, contaremos con el apoyo de nuestro proveedor en China, quien nos hará el cambio de la pulsera en caso venga con alguna falla o defecto de fábrica. Nuestro aplicativo “Twogether” se puede descargar de forma gratuita al adquirir la pulsera desde la AppStore y PlayStore, brindando una cobertura completa al mercado de celulares que está dividido entre estos sistemas operativos. El plan de Marketing de Twogether es una estrategia agresiva de publicidad en redes sociales y con influencers, ya que tenemos un público objetivo joven que consumen estos canales masivamente. Por otro lado, al tener una planilla ligera sin grandes plantas de producción, podremos mantener un equipo reducido sin reducir la escalabilidad del producto. Twogether financiará el inicio de sus operaciones con un préstamo bancario, y aún así obtendrá un margen de Utilidad Neta del 10% para nuestro primer año, y proyectamos un crecimiento sostenido en los primeros 5 años. El precio de nuestra pulsera está diseñado para el bolsillo de nuestro público objetivo, y se esperan picos de ventas en los meses de Febrero y Diciembre.Twogether is a new product in the Peruvian market, created to mitigate the effect of mandatory social distancing on couples in our country. It is a pair of bracelets connected through an application and Bluetooth technology, which when pressed, give a signal to the person who has another pair, giving them a moment of happiness. Taking into account the tranquility of our users, the bracelets will be reviewed with a strict quality control in order to guarantee that our clients get an excellent product. In order for this project to provide the required guarantee efficiently, we will have the support of our supplier in China, who will make the replacement of the bracelet in case it comes with a fault or factory defect. Our application "Twogether" can be downloaded for free when acquiring the bracelet from the AppStore and PlayStore, providing complete coverage to the cell phone market that is divided between these operating systems. Twogether's Marketing plan is an aggressive advertising strategy on social networks and with influencers, since we have a young target audience who consume these channels massively. On the other hand, by having a light payroll without large production plants, we will be able to maintain a reduced team without reducing the scalability of the product. Twogether will finance the start of its operations with a bank loan, and will still obtain a Net Profit margin of 10% for our first year, and we project sustained growth in the first 5 years. The price of our bracelet is designed for the pocket of our target audience, and sales peaks are expected in the months of February and December.Trabajo de investigació

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Departamento del Cesar

La situación actual de ese flagelo de las víctimas por desplazamiento forzado en los relatos planteados, conlleva a reflexionar sobre esa emergencia humanitaria por la que han atravesado muchas familias, siendo una alarma muy grande en cuanto a la población desplazada en Colombia. La razón principal por la cual éstas personas son tan vulnerables a los desplazamientos, es que el conflicto está en su territorio y por otro lado, es que el estado no ha logrado protegerle adecuadamente y la gente más desprotegida históricamente en el fondo es la más afectada cuando llega la violencia de una guerra con estos fenómenos, impactando la sociedad rural, donde de una u otra manera son obligados a colonizar territorios. Uno de los factores es que la guerra es irregular, una guerra asimétrica que transcurre en los territorios cada vez en zonas más alejadas, y por otro lado en muchos de esos territorios que antes se consideraba la periferia del país, hoy son considerados de manera cómo con altísimo valor estratégico, sobre todo por el subsuelo porque están llenos de grandes recursos naturales, tierras fértiles, para la agroindustria, hay un apetito muy grande por estos territorios, por es el desplazamiento golpea más que todo a la gente rural. Siendo el estado su mayor enemigo, quien debería tomar acciones frente a la crisis, haciendo un monitoreo permanente para saber qué era lo que estaba pasando con el tema de los desplazados, reconociendo la problemática, reconociendo los derechos que éstas personas tienen. Con la principal necesidad de afrontar un problema grande, referente entre las medidas de asistencia social, la atención humanitaria, reparación integral, derecho de igualdad y a la no discriminación para las víctimas y a la creación de una organización con una conciencia de la necesidad. Resaltando esa habilidad de trabajo del campesino, desafortunadamente les privatizan esa carta de libertad de las poblaciones que han luchado por reconocer sus identidades, sus historias, sus posibilidades y desarrollo. Afectando de manera psicosocial a las víctimas, después de tener sus bienes y cierto capital para vivir, ahora andan en una zona, en esa línea de pobreza extrema, condenados al rebusque y a una baja remuneración.The current situation of this scourge of the victims of forced displacement in the stories presented, leads us to reflect on the humanitarian emergency that many families have gone through, being a very great alarm regarding the displaced population in Colombia. The main reason why these people are so vulnerable to displacement is that the conflict is in their territory and, on the other hand, is that the state has not been able to protect them adequately and the historically most unprotected people are the most affected. When the violence of a war with these phenomena comes, impacting rural society, where in one way or another they are forced to colonize territories. One of the factors is that the war is irregular, an asymmetric war that takes place in the territories increasingly in more remote areas, and on the other hand in many of those territories that were previously considered the periphery of the country, today they are considered in a way that with very high strategic value, especially for the subsoil because they are full of great natural resources, fertile lands, for agribusiness, there is a very great appetite for these territories, because it is displacement that hits rural people most of all. Being the state its greatest enemy, who should take action in the face of the crisis, constantly monitoring to know what was happening with the issue of the displaced, recognizing the problem, recognizing the rights that these people have. With the main need to face a big problem, a reference between social assistance measures, humanitarian attention, comprehensive reparation, the right to equality and non-discrimination for victims and the creation of an organization with an awareness of the need

The Interplay between NF-kappaB and E2F1 Coordinately Regulates Inflammation and Metabolism in Human Cardiac Cells

Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) inhibition by nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is related to a shift towards increased glycolysis during cardiac pathological processes such as cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. The transcription factors estrogen-related receptor-α (ERRα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) regulate PDK4 expression through the potent transcriptional coactivator PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). NF-κB activation in AC16 cardiac cells inhibit ERRα and PPARβ/δ transcriptional activity, resulting in reduced PGC-1α and PDK4 expression, and an enhanced glucose oxidation rate. However, addition of the NF-κB inhibitor parthenolide to these cells prevents the downregulation of PDK4 expression but not ERRα and PPARβ/δ DNA binding activity, thus suggesting that additional transcription factors are regulating PDK4. Interestingly, a recent study has demonstrated that the transcription factor E2F1, which is crucial for cell cycle control, may regulate PDK4 expression. Given that NF-κB may antagonize the transcriptional activity of E2F1 in cardiac myocytes, we sought to study whether inflammatory processes driven by NF-κB can downregulate PDK4 expression in human cardiac AC16 cells through E2F1 inhibition. Protein coimmunoprecipitation indicated that PDK4 downregulation entailed enhanced physical interaction between the p65 subunit of NF-κB and E2F1. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses demonstrated that p65 translocation into the nucleus prevented the recruitment of E2F1 to the PDK4 promoter and its subsequent E2F1-dependent gene transcription. Interestingly, the NF-κB inhibitor parthenolide prevented the inhibition of E2F1, while E2F1 overexpression reduced interleukin expression in stimulated cardiac cells. Based on these findings, we propose that NF-κB acts as a molecular switch that regulates E2F1-dependent PDK4 gene transcription

Caribbean Corals in Crisis: Record Thermal Stress, Bleaching, and Mortality in 2005

BACKGROUND The rising temperature of the world's oceans has become a major threat to coral reefs globally as the severity and frequency of mass coral bleaching and mortality events increase. In 2005, high ocean temperatures in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean resulted in the most severe bleaching event ever recorded in the basin. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Satellite-based tools provided warnings for coral reef managers and scientists, guiding both the timing and location of researchers' field observations as anomalously warm conditions developed and spread across the greater Caribbean region from June to October 2005. Field surveys of bleaching and mortality exceeded prior efforts in detail and extent, and provided a new standard for documenting the effects of bleaching and for testing nowcast and forecast products. Collaborators from 22 countries undertook the most comprehensive documentation of basin-scale bleaching to date and found that over 80% of corals bleached and over 40% died at many sites. The most severe bleaching coincided with waters nearest a western Atlantic warm pool that was centered off the northern end of the Lesser Antilles. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Thermal stress during the 2005 event exceeded any observed from the Caribbean in the prior 20 years, and regionally-averaged temperatures were the warmest in over 150 years. Comparison of satellite data against field surveys demonstrated a significant predictive relationship between accumulated heat stress (measured using NOAA Coral Reef Watch's Degree Heating Weeks) and bleaching intensity. This severe, widespread bleaching and mortality will undoubtedly have long-term consequences for reef ecosystems and suggests a troubled future for tropical marine ecosystems under a warming climate.This work was partially supported by salaries from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program to the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program authors. NOAA provided funding to Caribbean ReefCheck investigators to undertake surveys of bleaching and mortality. Otherwise, no funding from outside authors' institutions was necessary for the undertaking of this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Learning form Nature to improve the heat generation of iron-oxide nanoparticles for magnetic hyperthermia applications.

The performance of magnetic nanoparticles is intimately entwined with their structure, mean size and magnetic anisotropy. Besides, ensembles offer a unique way of engineering the magnetic response by modifying the strength of the dipolar interactions between particles. Here we report on an experimental and theoretical analysis of magnetic hyperthermia, a rapidly developing technique in medical research and oncology. Experimentally, we demonstrate that single-domain cubic iron oxide particles resembling bacterial magnetosomes have superior magnetic heating efficiency compared to spherical particles of similar sizes. Monte Carlo simulations at the atomic level corroborate the larger anisotropy of the cubic particles in comparison with the spherical ones, thus evidencing the beneficial role of surface anisotropy in the improved heating power. Moreover we establish a quantitative link between the particle assembling, the interactions and the heating properties. This knowledge opens new perspectives for improved hyperthermia, an alternative to conventional cancer therapies

Skeletal Muscle PGC-1α Is Required for Maintaining an Acute LPS-Induced TNFα Response

Many lifestyle-related diseases are associated with low-grade inflammation and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ coactivator (PGC)-1α has been suggested to be protective against low-grade inflammation. However, whether these anti-inflammatory properties affect acute inflammation is not known. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the role of muscle PGC-1α in acute inflammation. Quadriceps muscles were removed from 10-week old whole body PGC-1α knockout (KO), muscle specific PGC-1α KO (MKO) and muscle-specific PGC-1α overexpression mice (TG), 2 hours after an intraperitoneal injection of either 0.8 µg LPS/g body weight or saline. Basal TNFα mRNA content was lower in skeletal muscle of whole body PGC-1α KO mice and in accordance TG mice showed increased TNFα mRNA and protein level relative to WT, indicating a possible PGC-1α mediated regulation of TNFα. Basal p65 phosphorylation was increased in TG mice possibly explaining the elevated TNFα expression in these mice. Systemically, TG mice had reduced basal plasma TNFα levels compared with WT suggesting a protective effect against systemic low-grade inflammation in these animals. While TG mice reached similar TNFα levels as WT and showed more marked induction in plasma TNFα than WT after LPS injection, MKO PGC-1α mice had a reduced plasma TNFα and skeletal muscle TNFα mRNA response to LPS. In conclusion, the present findings suggest that PGC-1α enhances basal TNFα expression in skeletal muscle and indicate that PGC-1α does not exert anti-inflammatory effects during acute inflammation. Lack of skeletal muscle PGC-1α seems however to impair the acute TNFα response, which may reflect a phenotype more susceptible to infections as also observed in type 2 diabetes patients

High-resolution hepatitis C virus subtyping using NS5B deep sequencing and phylogeny, an alternative to current methods

HepatitisCvirus(HCV)is classified into seven major genotypesand67 subtypes. Recent studies haveshownthat inHCVgenotype 1-infected patients, response rates to regimens containingdirect-acting antivirals(DAAs)are subtype dependent. Currently available genotypingmethods have limited subtyping accuracy.Wehave evaluated theperformanceof adeep-sequencing-basedHCVsubtyping assay, developed for the 454/GS-Junior platform, in comparisonwith thoseof two commercial assays (VersantHCVgenotype 2.0andAbbott Real-timeHCVGenotype II)andusingdirectNS5Bsequencing as a gold standard (direct sequencing), in 114 clinical specimenspreviously tested by first-generation hybridization assay (82 genotype 1and32 with uninterpretable results). Phylogenetic analysis of deep-sequencing reads matched subtype 1 callingbypopulation Sanger sequencing(69%1b,31%1a) in 81 specimensandidentified amixed-subtype infection (1b/3a/1a) in one sample. Similarly,amongthe 32previously indeterminate specimens, identical genotypeandsubtype results were obtained by directanddeep sequencing in all but four samples with dual infection. In contrast, both VersantHCVGenotype 2.0andAbbott Real-timeHCVGenotype II failed subtype 1 calling in 13 (16%) samples eachandwere unable to identify theHCVgenotype and/or subtype inmore than half of the nongenotype 1 samples.Weconcluded that deep sequencing ismore efficient forHCVsubtyping than currently available methodsandallows qualitative identificationofmixed infectionsandmay bemorehelpfulwith respect to informing treatment strategies withnewDAA-containing regimens across allHCVsubtypesThis study has been supported by CDTI (Centro para el Desarrollo Tecnológico Industrial), Spanish Ministry of Economics and Competitiveness (MINECO), IDI-20110115; MINECO projects SAF 2009-10403; and also by the Spanish Ministry of Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FIS) projects PI10/01505, PI12/01893, and PI13/00456. CIBERehd is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. Work at CBMSO was supported by grant MINECO-BFU2011-23604, FIPSE, and Fundación Ramón Areces. X. Forns received unrestricted grant support from Roche and has acted as advisor for MSD, Gilead, and Abbvie. M. Alvarez-Tejado, J. Gregori, and J. M. Muñoz work in Roche Diagnostic