Modelling the biphasic growth and product formation by Enterococcus faecium CECT 410 in realkalized fed-batch fermentations in whey

The influence of initial pH on growth and nutrient (total sugars, nitrogen, and phosphorous) consumption by Enterococcus faecium CECT 410 was studied during batch cultures in whey. With these data, two realkalized fed-batch fermentations were developed using different feeding substrates. The shift from homolactic to mixed acid fermentation, the biphasic kinetics observed for cell growth and nitrogen consumption and the increase in the concentrations of biomass and products (lactic acid, acetic acid, ethanol, and butane-2,3-diol) were the most noteworthy observations of these cultures. Modelling the fed-batch growth of Ent. faecium with the Logistic and bi-Logistic models was not satisfactory. However, biomass production was best mathematically described with the use of a double Monod model, which was expressed in terms of biomass, product accumulation, and nitrogen utilization. Product formation was successfully modelled with a modified form of the Luedeking and Piret model developed in this study.Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria | Ref. CAL01-045-C2-2Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia | Ref. MAT2005-05393-C03-03Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia | Ref. MAT2006-11662- C03-0

FUNDAMENTOS EMPÍRICOS Y METODOLÓGICOS DE UNA BASE DE DATOS LÉXICA DE LA MORFOLOGÍA DERIVATIVA DEL INGLÉS ANTIGUO

[EN] This article lays the empirical and methodological basis for the development of a lexical database that analyses the dervative morphology of Old English. After revising the state of the art, the working hypotheses are established and the descriptive principles for the analysis of trnasparent as well as opaque derivation are established. Finally, a step is taken in the explanatory direction by defining the paramenters of the analysis of the bases and adjunts of derivation that are relevant for explanation.[ES] Este trabajo sienta las bases empíricas y metodológicas para la creación de una base de datos léxica que analice la morfología derivativa del inglés antiguo. Se revisa el estado de la cuestión, se formulan las hipótesis de partida, se proponen los principios descriptivos para el análisis de la derivación transparente y opaca y se avanza en la dirección explicativa al establecer los parámetros de análisis de las bases y de los adjuntos de las derivaciones que son relevantes para las explicaciones.La investigación de la que se da cuenta en este trabajo se ha financiado con cargo al proyecto HUM2005-07651-C02-02/FILOTorre Alonso, R.; Martín Arista, J.; Ibáñez Moreno, A.; González Torres, E.; Caballero González, L. (2008). FUNDAMENTOS EMPÍRICOS Y METODOLÓGICOS DE UNA BASE DE DATOS LÉXICA DE LA MORFOLOGÍA DERIVATIVA DEL INGLÉS ANTIGUO. Revista de Lingüística y Lenguas Aplicadas. 3:129-144. doi:10.4995/rlyla.2008.696SWORD129144

Protective Effect of the Hydrophilic Extract of Polypodium leucotomos, Fernblock®, against the Synergistic Action of UVA Radiation and Benzo[a]pyrene Pollutant

Oxidative stress is a harmful effect induced on the skin by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Citation: Gallego-Rentero, M.; Nicolás-Morala, J.; Alonso-Juarranz, M.; Carrasco, E.; Portillo-Esnaola, M.; Rodríguez-Luna, A.; González, S. Protective Effect of the Hydrophilic Extract of Polypodium leucotomos, Fernblock®, against the Synergistic Action of UVA Radiation and Benzo[a]pyrene Pollutant. Antioxidants 2022, 11, 2185. https://doi.org/10.3390/ antiox11112185 Academic Editor: Stanley Omaye Received: 8 October 2022 Accepted: 28 October 2022 Published: 4 November 2022 Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Copyright: © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ 4.0/). (PAH), including benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) air pollutants. This effect is amplified by the additive damaging effect of the sun, especially through the UVA light component. Besides being one of the main compounds that make up air pollution, BaP can also be found in tar, tobacco smoke, and various foods. In addition to its direct carcinogenic potential, BaP can act as a photosensitizer absorbing sunlight in the UVA range and thus generating ROS and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). Fernblock® (FB) is an aqueous extract from the leaves of Polypodium leucotomos that has been proven to exert photoprotective and antioxidant effects on skin cells. In this study, we evaluate the potential of FB to prevent the damage induced by a combination of BaP and UVA light on human keratinocyte and mouse melanocyte cell lines (HaCaT and B16-F10, respectively). In particular, we have analyzed the capacity of FB to counteract the alterations caused on cellular morphology, viability, oxidative stress and melanogenic signaling pathway activation. Our data indicate that FB prevented cell damage and reduced oxidative stress and melanogenic signaling pathway activation caused by a combination of BaP and UVAlightirradiation. Altogether, our findings support the fact that FB is able to prevent skin damage caused by the exposure to a combination of UVA and the air pollutant Ba

High tuberculosis burden among people living with HIV in southern Mozambique

Tuberculosis (TB) remains an important public health concern, and a leading cause of disease and death worldwide. Mozambique is one of the few high TB burden countries where TB figures have not improved in recent years, with an estimated TB incidence in 2013 of 552 cases per 100 000 population [1]. With 58% of all notified TB cases being HIV-positive, Mozambique also has one of the highest TB/HIV co-infection rates. Published data on the burden of TB or HIV disease in the country are scarce, and improving epidemiological surveillance has been identified as an urgent step to improve TB control [2]

Identification of three new cis-regulatory IRF5 polymorphisms: in vitro studies

Background Polymorphisms in the interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) gene are associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases through independent risk and protective haplotypes. Several functional polymorphisms are already known, but they do not account for the protective haplotypes that are tagged by the minor allele of rs729302. Methods Polymorphisms in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with rs729302 or particularly associated with IRF5 expression were selected for functional screening, which involved electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and reporter gene assays. Results A total of 54 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the 5' region of IRF5 were genotyped. Twenty-four of them were selected for functional screening because of their high LD with rs729302 or protective haplotypes. In addition, two polymorphisms were selected for their prominent association with IRF5 expression. Seven of these twenty-six polymorphisms showed reproducible allele differences in EMSA. The seven were subsequently analyzed in gene reporter assays, and three of them showed significant differences between their two alleles: rs729302, rs13245639 and rs11269962. Haplotypes including the cis-regulatory polymorphisms correlated very well with IRF5 mRNA expression in an analysis based on previous data. Conclusion We have found that three polymorphisms in LD with the protective haplotypes of IRF5 have differential allele effects in EMSA and in reporter gene assays. Identification of these cis-regulatory polymorphisms will allow more accurate analysis of transcriptional regulation of IRF5 expression, more powerful genetic association studies and deeper insight into the role of IRF5 in disease susceptibility.This project was supported by grants PI08/0744 and PI11/01048 and by a RETICS Program grant (RD08/0075 (RIER)) from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spain), which are partially financed by the European Regional Development Fund program of the European UnionS

¿Es rentable una matrona en Urgencias?

El objetivo de este estudio es doble: 1. Cuantificar el ahorro económico que se consigue evitando ingresos con una matrona en Urgencias en horario de 9 a 21 horas. 2. Valorar la eficiencia de los ingresos de las gestantes a término si tienen su parto en las 24 horas siguientes a su ingres

Size effect of steel fiber–reinforced concrete cylinders under compressive fatigue loading: Influence of the mesostructure

This study deals with the influence of the fiber concrete mesostructure on the size effect under compressive fatigue loading. For this purpose, three series of cylindrical specimens of steel fiber–reinforced concrete were fabricated. Before fatigue testing, all the cylinders were scanned and the main morphological, orientation, and distribution parameters of the pores and fibers were checked. The images reveal that, near the cylinders’ walls, the porosity is lower than that in the cores and is even lower for large sizes. Additionally, larger specimens are more vulnerable to compressive fatigue loading, resulting in a reduction in fatigue life.The authors are grateful for the financial support from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain with grant nos. PID2019-110928RBC32, PID2019–110928RB–C31, and RTC–2017–6736–3, and from the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha, Spain through grant no. SBPLY/19/180501/000220

Strain balanced quantum posts for intermediate band solar cells

In this work we present strain balanced InAs quantum post of exceptional length in the context of photovoltaics. We discuss the general properties of these nanostructures and their impact in the practical implementation of an intermediate band solar cell. We have studied the photocurrent generated by strain balanced quantum posts embedded in a GaAs single crystal, and compared our results with quantum dot based devices. The incorporation of phosphorous in the matrix to partially compensate the accumulated stress enables a significant increase of the quantum post maximum length. The relative importance of tunneling and thermal escape processes is found to depend strongly on the geometry of the nanostructures. tunneling and thermal escape processes is found to depend strongly on the geometry of the nanostructures