La alimentación de la antigua Baria en época romana y prerromana

Sin resume

Technological, pedagogical and content knowledge in faculty professors of Physical Education

Debido a la invasión de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) en la sociedad actual, en el panorama educativo se presentan grandes oportunidades de integración, pero en ocasiones, el profesorado no aprovecha el potencial que éstas ofrecen. El propósito de este estudio fue analizar el conocimiento tecnológico, pedagógico y disciplinar (TPACK) del profesorado formador de futuros docentes de Educación Física necesarios para la efectiva integración de las TIC en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, teniendo como referencia uno de los modelos más utilizados, el modelo TPACK. Para ello, se administró un cuestionario a 351 docentes universitarios de los Grados en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte y Educación Primaria. Se analizaron las diferencias en el TPACK y en la autoeficacia percibida en el uso del ordenador en cuanto al género, edad, a la existencia de formación específica en TIC,así como las relaciones entre sus variables. Los resultados señalan que la aplicación de la tecnología (TCK+TPK+TPACK) de los docentes encuestados se ha visto influenciada por haber realizado acciones específicas formativas en el terreno de la tecnología. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre el género y la dimensión tecnológica. Además, el conocimiento tecnológico y la autoeficacia percibida en el uso del ordenador fue significativamente mayor en los docentes de menos de 36 años. Por ello, se destaca la necesidad deformación específica sobre la aplicación de las tecnologías en los docentes universitarios, teniendo en cuenta las peculiaridades de los contenidos del área de Educación Física.Due to the invasion of information and communication technologies (ICT) in today’s society, great opportunities for integrationare presented in the educational panorama, but sometimes, teachers don’t take advantage of the potential they offer. The aim of this studywas to analyze the Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) framework of the Faculty professors of pre-servicePhysical Education teachers necessary for the effective integration of ICT in the teaching-learning process, taking as a reference theTPACK framework, one of the most common models used to measure it. The method included a questionnaire which was submitted to351 Faculty professors of Bachelor Degree in Physical Education and Sport, and also in Education. TPACK and the computer self-efficacy differences were analyzed in terms of gender, age, the existence of previous ICT training, and the relationship between itsvariables. The results demonstrated that those professors who had undergone a specific training in ITC showed a better application ofthe technology (TCK + TPK + TPACK). Significant differences were identified between gender and technological dimension. Inaddition, the technological knowledge and the computer self-efficacy were significantly higher in teachers under 36 years of age. Giventhe peculiarities of the Physical Education and Sports subject, this study confirms that it is necessary a specific training for the application of technologies in Faculty professor

Estimating soil organic carbon changes in managed temperate moist grasslands with RothC

Temperate grassland soils store significant amounts of carbon (C). Estimating how much livestock grazing and manuring can influence grassland soil organic carbon (SOC) is key to improve greenhouse gas grassland budgets. The Rothamsted Carbon (RothC) model, although originally developed and parameterized to model the turnover of organic C in arable topsoil, has been widely used, with varied success, to estimate SOC changes in grassland under different climates, soils, and management conditions. In this paper, we hypothesise that RothC-based SOC predictions in managed grasslands under temperate moist climatic conditions can be improved by incorporating small modifications to the model based on existing field data from diverse experimental locations in Europe. For this, we described and evaluated changes at the level of: (1) the soil water function of RothC, (2) entry pools accounting for the degradability of the exogenous organic matter (EOM) applied (e.g., ruminant excreta), (3) the month-on-month change in the quality of C inputs coming from plant residues (i.e above-, below-ground plant residue and rhizodeposits), and (4) the livestock trampling effect (i.e., poaching damage) as a common problem in areas with higher annual precipitation. In order to evaluate the potential utility of these changes, we performed a simple sensitivity analysis and tested the model predictions against averaged data from four grassland experiments in Europe. Our evaluation showed that the default model''s performance was 78% and whereas some of the modifications seemed to improve RothC SOC predictions (model performance of 95% and 86% for soil water function and plant residues, respectively), others did not lead to any/or almost any improvement (model performance of 80 and 46% for the change in the C input quality and livestock trampling, respectively). We concluded that, whereas adding more complexity to the RothC model by adding the livestock trampling would actually not improve the model, adding the modified soil water function and plant residue components, and at a lesser extent residues quality, could improve predictability of the RothC in managed grasslands under temperate moist climatic conditions. © 2021 Jebari et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited

Monitoring the salt marsh vegetation and flora of the Baixo Vouga Lagunar (Ria of Aveiro, Portugal)

El carácter transicional de la Ría de Aveiro le confiere una riqueza florística singular, integrando comunidades vegetales típicas de las regiones Eurosiberiana y Mediterránea. La implantación del Proyecto Desenvolvimento Agrícola do Vouga (PDAV) va a provocar una modificación de las tasas de encharcamiento y una reducción gradual de la salinidad, factores ecológicos determinantes para muchas de las comunidades halófilas y helofíticas. El presente trabajo pretende contribuir a un mejor conocimiento de la tipología de la vegetación local, que sirva como base para desarrollar un programa de monitorización adecuado que detecte las alteraciones en los patrones espacio- temporales de la vegetación de los sistemas húmedos. Teniendo como objetivo seleccionar los puntos de muestreo donde instalar las parcelas permanentes de monitorización, se realizó una caracterización de la flora y la vegetación a través de trece transectos utilizando una aproximación simplificada al método de Braun- Blanquet. Una vez identificados los tipos de vegetación - en función de su composición florística, corología y ecología - fueron seleccionados al azar inventarios representativos de cada tipo, en los que han sido instaladas dichas parcelas.The transitional biogeographic character of the Ria de Aveiro lagoon area confers it a singular floristic richness, integrating plant communities typical for the Eurosiberian as well as Mediterranean Region. The implementation of the Agricultural Development Plan of the Lower Vouga area (PDAV) in the near future is expected to result in noticeable changes in the tidal submersion regime and a gradual reduction of salinity levels, which are determining ecological factors for many of the halophytic and helophytic plant communities. The present work pretends to contribute to a better knowledge of the local vegetation types and, thereby, to the implementation of an adequate monitoring programme for detecting changes in the spatio-temporal vegetation patterns of the wetlands. With the objective to select the locations for the installation of permanent quadrats, the vegetation of the wetlands was described along 13 transects using a simplified Braun-Blanquet approach. A total of 24 local vegetation types were recognised, 23 of which were selected for the current monitoring programme

Basic Psychological Needs, Class-related Emotions and Satisfaction with Life in Spanish Teachers

The objective of this study was to examine possible antecedents and consequences of teachers’ emotions in the classroom. Based on a cognitive-social perspective and self-determination theory, we examined the relationship between basic psychological needs (BPNs), teachers’ class-related emotions and teachers’ life satisfaction. A sample of 595 teachers from Andalusia (Spain) participated in an online survey. A structural equation model was tested, in which BPNs predicted teachers’ emotions (β = .69; p < .001 positive emotions and β = -.42; p < .001 negative emotions). In addition, BPNs (β = .36; p < .001) and positive emotions (β = .23; p < .001) predicted satisfaction with life. The results show that the fulfilment of work-related BPNs is important to generate positive emotions and well-being in teachers. In addition, the study is the first to provide extensive details on the psychometric properties for assessing teacher emotions with the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire - Teachers (AEQ-T) in a Spanish sample

Urban soundscape assessment by visually impaired people: First methodological approach in Granada (Spain)

Soundscape assessments by citizens are starting to emerge as a common practice, normally carried out in context by means of soundwalks along selected paths with volunteers. However, when such assessments are carried out, either in situ or in laboratory experiments, visually impaired citizens are not usually involved. To address this question, three soundwalks were carried out in 2020 in the city of Granada, in southern Spain, with the participation of visually impaired people. In this paper, we present the lessons learnt from this research with respect to the methodology issues that have to do with soundwalking and the surveying procedures when people with limited vison are participating, the assessment results, and a comparison with a soundscape evaluation carried out in 2019 without the collaboration of visually impaired people. The results of this preliminary campaign highlight that: (1) Adapting soundscape assessment protocols from standards for visually impaired people is a methodological challenge that requires research attention; (2) Some of the different patterns in the assessment of the soundscape pleasantness between visually impaired and nonvisually impaired participants emerged; (3) The perception of quietness may differ for visually impaired people when orientation and identification are factors that play a role in the acoustic environment evaluation

Assessment of sustainable land management practices in Mediterranean rural regions

Sustainable land management practices can be suitable vehicles to simultaneously address the causes and consequences of land degradation, desertification, and climate change in land managed systems. Here, we assess the potential of a variety of sustainable land management practices that, beyond addressing specific and local issues, assist in tackling Mediterranean Basin-wide land-use challenges. With this work, we aim to highlight those options that simultaneously promote local and regional Basin-wide adaptation. To do that, we developed a novel multi-objective assessment that evaluates the effectiveness of 104 practices adopted within the Mediterranean Basin and documented in the World Overview of Conservation Approaches and Technologies global database. Results indicate that agroforestry and green covers in perennial woody crops can promote multiple ecosystem services while addressing climate change adaptation. We further argue that these two practices together with reforestation, assist in regulating the hydrological cycle of the Basin and in maintaining its multifunctional landscape. Lastly, we reflect on potential biophysical and socio-economic barriers and opportunities associated with the implementation of the three practices. Our approach provides a Basin-wide integrated view that facilitates the coordination of sustainable management strategies across the Mediterranean region. © 2020 Elsevier LtdThe authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers whose comments helped improve this work. This research is supported by the Basque Government through the BERC 2018–2021 program and by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness MINECO through BC3 María de Maeztu excellence accreditation MDM 2017–0714. M. Almagro acknowledges financial support from the Juan de la Cierva Program (IJCI-2015-23500)

Plant residue chemical quality modulates the soil microbial response related to decomposition and soil organic carbon and nitrogen stabilization in a rainfed Mediterranean agroecosystem

Soils play a major role in the global carbon cycle and are crucial to the management of climate change. Changes in plant cover derived from different agricultural practices induce variations in the quality of plant residue inputs and in the soil microbial community structure and activity, which may enhance the storage and protection of organic carbon (OC) and nitrogen (N) within aggregates. The aim of this study was to assess how differences in the chemical composition of plant residues in combination with tillage management practices affect the local microbial community activity and structure, and subsequent soil aggregation and OC and N dynamics in an organic, rainfed almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.) orchard. In the laboratory, three types of plant residue (shoots, roots, and the combination of both) coming from different species belonging to each agricultural practice (reduced tillage, reduced tillage plus green manure, reduced tillage plus organic manure, and no-tillage) were mixed with their respective soils and the CO2 released was measured over 243 days at 60% WHC and 28 °C. Water-stable aggregates (including microaggregates within macroaggregates), enzymatic activities related to carbon (dehydrogenase and ß-glucosidase) and N (urease) cycling, and the microbial biomass and community structure through phospholipid fatty acid analysis, were measured at the end of the incubation period. Our results indicate that the chemical composition of plant residues controls the microbial community response, mediating decomposition and the incorporation of OC and N in stable aggregates. Therefore, the incorporation of labile and N-rich plant residues into the soil by reduced tillage is recommended since mixing roots and shoots from green manure increased the formation of free micro-aggregates and improved OC and N stabilization in our semiarid agroecosystem. © 2021 Elsevier LtdThis research was supported with funds from the Fundaci?n S?neca of the Murcia Region (projects 08757/PI/08, EMISEMUR 19350/PI/14 and DECADE 20917/PI/18). Parts of this research were performed within the framework of the project IMPASEC AGL2011-25069 funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Econom?a y Competitividad. Mar?a Almagro was supported by the Juan de la Cierva Program (Grant IJCI-2015-23500) and Antonio Ruiz-Navarro by the Fundaci?n General from the Spanish Research Council (CSIC, ConFuturo Progamme). We thank members of the Soil and Water Conservation Group - Eloisa Garc?a, Inmaculada Montoya, and Mar?a Jos? Espinosa - for helping us with the field and laboratory work, and Gonzalo Barber? for his useful advice with statistical analyses. We also thanks Gonzalo Herv?s, from the Instituto de Ganader?a de Monta?a of the Spanish Research Council, for performing the fiber fraction analysis. We are also grateful to Claire Chenu and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive and insightful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript