PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI ASSESSMENT PROGRAMER BERDASARKAN STANDAR KOMPETENSI KERJA NASIONAL INDONESIA (SKKNI) BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCRUMBAN

Standar Kompetensi Kerja Nasional Indonesia (SKKNI) Sektor Teknologi Informasi Bidang Keahlian Programer Komputer tahun 2012 digunakan sebagai acuan kompetensi di bidang keahlian programer komputer yang diakui secara nasional. Untuk itu seorang programer perlu berlatih menguasai kompetensi yang disebutkan dalam SKKNI programer untuk bisa bersaing secara nasional. Exercise bisa dilakukan dengan mengerjakan bank soal yang dikumpulkan berdasarkan acuan SKKNI programer sehingga seorang programer bisa mengetahui sejauh mana kemampuannya. Digunakan metode pengembangan agile yang dinamakan Scrumban dalam pengembangan sistem ini. Agile dipilih karena user requirement yang bisa saja berubah dan waktu penelitian yang pendek. Scrumban menyediakan visibilitas tinggi dari workflow dan identifikasi secepat mungkin kemacetan proses, sehingga memungkinkan proses pengembangan software terjadi secara kontinyu. Tiap-tiap soal berupa pilihan ganda dan dipetakan menurut SKKNI programer yang terdiri dari Kompetensi Umum, Kompetensi Inti, dan Kompetensi Khusus. Pengujian butir soal dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisa item tes yang terdiri dari validitas, reliabilitas, tingkat kesukaran, daya pembeda, dan efektifitas fungsi distraktor. Kemudian dilakukan proses pembuatan product backlog yang didapat dari user story. Product backlog ditransformasikan menjadi card berdasarkan proritasnya dan mulai dikerjakan dengan batasan WIP tiga buah card maksimal untuk setiap development sampai acceptance card. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini adalah aplikasi assessment programmer berdasarkan SKKNI berbasis web yang dibuat dengan metode Scrumban. Aplikasi ini berisi 508 soal yang mengacu pada SKKNI programer dan beberapa diantaranya sudah dilakukan analisa item tes

A portable widefield fundus camera with high dynamic range imaging capability

Fundus photography is indispensable for clinical detection and management of eye diseases. Limited image contrast and field of view (FOV) are common limitations of conventional fundus cameras, making it difficult to detect subtle abnormalities at the early stages of eye diseases. Further improvements of image contrast and FOV coverage are important to improve early disease detection and reliable treatment assessment. We report here a portable fundus camera, with a wide FOV and high dynamic range (HDR) imaging capabilities. Miniaturized indirect ophthalmoscopy illumination was employed to achieve the portable design for nonmydriatic, widefield fundus photography. Orthogonal polarization control was used to eliminate illumination reflectance artifact. With independent power controls, three fundus images were sequentially acquired and fused to achieve HDR function for local image contrast enhancement. A 101{\deg} eye-angle (67{\deg} visual-angle) snapshot FOV was achieved for nonmydriatic fundus photography. The effective FOV can be readily expanded up to 190{\deg} eye-angle (134{\deg} visual-angle) with the aid of a fixation target, without the need of pharmacologic pupillary dilation. The effectiveness of HDR imaging was validated with both normal healthy and pathologic eyes, compared to a conventional fundus camera.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figure

Increased Nasopharyngeal Density and Concurrent Carriage of Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis Are Associated with Pneumonia in Febrile Children.

We assessed nasopharyngeal (NP) carriage of five pathogens in febrile children with and without acute respiratory infection (ARI) of the upper (URTI) or lower tract, attending health facilities in Tanzania. NP swabs collected from children (N = 960) aged 2 months to 10 years, and with a temperature ≥38°C, were utilized to quantify bacterial density of S. pneumoniae (Sp), H. influenzae (Hi), M. catarrhalis (Mc), S. aureus (Sa), and N. meningitidis (Nm). We determined associations between presence of individual species, densities, or concurrent carriage of all species combination with respiratory diseases including clinical pneumonia, pneumonia with normal chest radiography (CXR) and endpoint pneumonia. Individual carriage, and NP density, of Sp, Hi, or Mc, but not Sa, or Nm, was significantly associated with febrile ARI and clinical pneumonia when compared to febrile non-ARI episodes. Density was also significantly increased in severe pneumonia when compared to mild URTI (Sp, p<0.002; Hi p<0.001; Mc, p = 0.014). Accordingly, concurrent carriage of Sp+, Hi+, and Mc+, in the absence of Sa- and Nm-, was significantly more prevalent in children with ARI (p = 0.03), or clinical pneumonia (p<0.001) than non-ARI, and in children with clinical pneumonia (p = 0.0007) than URTI. Furthermore, Sp+, Hi+, and Mc+ differentiated children with pneumonia with normal CXR, or endpoint pneumonia, from those with URTI, and non-ARI cases. Concurrent NP carriage of Sp, Hi, and Mc was a predictor of clinical pneumonia and identified children with pneumonia with normal CXR and endpoint pneumonia from those with febrile URTI, or non-ARI episodes

Hypertensive Encephalopathy and Renal Failure in a Young Man

No abstract available

Microsimulation models incorporating both demand and supply dynamics

There has been rapid growth in interest in real-time transport strategies over the last decade, ranging from automated highway systems and responsive traffic signal control to incident management and driver information systems. The complexity of these strategies, in terms of the spatial and temporal interactions within the transport system, has led to a parallel growth in the application of traffic microsimulation models for the evaluation and design of such measures, as a remedy to the limitations faced by conventional static, macroscopic approaches. However, while this naturally addresses the immediate impacts of the measure, a difficulty that remains is the question of how the secondary impacts, specifically the effect on route and departure time choice of subsequent trips, may be handled in a consistent manner within a microsimulation framework. The paper describes a modelling approach to road network traffic, in which the emphasis is on the integrated microsimulation of individual trip-makers’ decisions and individual vehicle movements across the network. To achieve this it represents directly individual drivers’ choices and experiences as they evolve from day-to-day, combined with a detailed within-day traffic simulation model of the space–time trajectories of individual vehicles according to car-following and lane-changing rules and intersection regulations. It therefore models both day-to-day and within-day variability in both demand and supply conditions, and so, we believe, is particularly suited for the realistic modelling of real-time strategies such as those listed above. The full model specification is given, along with details of its algorithmic implementation. A number of representative numerical applications are presented, including: sensitivity studies of the impact of day-to-day variability; an application to the evaluation of alternative signal control policies; and the evaluation of the introduction of bus-only lanes in a sub-network of Leeds. Our experience demonstrates that this modelling framework is computationally feasible as a method for providing a fully internally consistent, microscopic, dynamic assignment, incorporating both within- and between-day demand and supply dynamic

Development and validation of an early childhood development scale for use in low-resourced settings

Background:Low-cost, cross-culturally comparable measures of the motor, cognitive, and socioemotional skills of children under 3 years remain scarce. In the present paper, we aim to develop a new caregiver-reported early childhood development (ECD) scale designed to be implemented as part of household surveys in low-resourced settings. Methods: We evaluate the acceptability, test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and discriminant validity of the new ECD items, subscales, and full scale in a sample of 2481 18- to 36-month-old children from peri-urban and rural Tanzania. We also compare total and subscale scores with performance on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-III) in a subsample of 1036 children. Qualitative interviews from 10 mothers and 10 field workers are used to inform quantitative data. Results: Adequate levels of acceptability and internal consistency were found for the new scale and its motor, cognitive, and socioemotional subscales. Correlations between the new scale and the BSID-III were high (r > .50) for the motor and cognitive subscales, but low (r < .20) for the socioemotional subscale. The new scale discriminated between children’s skills based on age, stunting status, caregiver-reported disability, and adult stimulation. Test-retest reliability scores were variable among a subset of items tested. Conclusions: Results of this study provide empirical support from a low-income country setting for the acceptability, reliability, and validity of a new caregiver-reported ECD scale. Additional research is needed to test these and other caregiver reported items in children in the full 0 to 3 year range across multiple cultural and linguistic settings

Reference Data for Attentional, Executive, Linguistic, and Visual Processing Tests Obtained from Cognitively Healthy Individuals with Normal Alzheimer's Disease Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarker Levels

BACKGROUND: Conventional neuropsychological norms likely include cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals with preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology (amyloid-β, tau, and neurodegeneration) since they are based on cohorts without AD biomarkers data. Due to this limitation, population-based norms would lack sensitivity for detecting subtle cognitive decline due to AD, the transitional stage between healthy cognition and mild cognitive impairment. We have recently published norms for memory tests in individuals with normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD biomarker levels. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to provide further AD biomarker-based cognitive references covering attentional, executive function, linguistic, and visual processing tests. METHODS: We analyzed 248 CU individuals aged between 50-70 years old with normal CSF Aβ, p-tau, and neurodegeneration (t-tau) biomarker levels. The tests included were the Trail Making Test (TMT), Semantic Fluency Test, Digit and Symbol Span, Coding, Matrix Reasoning, Judgement of Line Orientation and Visual Puzzles. Normative data were developed based on regression models adjusted for age, education, and sex when needed. We present equations to calculate z-scores, the corresponding normative percentile tables, and online calculators. RESULTS: Age, education, and sex were associated with performance in all tests, except education for the TMT-A, and sex for the TMT-B, Coding, and Semantic Fluency. Cut-offs derived from the current biomarker-based reference data were higher and more sensitive than standard norms. CONCLUSION: We developed reference data obtained from individuals with evidence of non-pathologic AD biomarker levels that may improve the objective characterization of subtle cognitive decline in preclinical AD

Establishing a core outcome set for peritoneal dialysis : report of the SONG-PD (standardized outcomes in nephrology-peritoneal dialysis) consensus workshop

Outcomes reported in randomized controlled trials in peritoneal dialysis (PD) are diverse, are measured inconsistently, and may not be important to patients, families, and clinicians. The Standardized Outcomes in Nephrology-Peritoneal Dialysis (SONG-PD) initiative aims to establish a core outcome set for trials in PD based on the shared priorities of all stakeholders. We convened an international SONG-PD stakeholder consensus workshop in May 2018 in Vancouver, Canada. Nineteen patients/caregivers and 51 health professionals attended. Participants discussed core outcome domains and implementation in trials in PD. Four themes relating to the formation of core outcome domains were identified: life participation as a main goal of PD, impact of fatigue, empowerment for preparation and planning, and separation of contributing factors from core factors. Considerations for implementation were identified: standardizing patient-reported outcomes, requiring a validated and feasible measure, simplicity of binary outcomes, responsiveness to interventions, and using positive terminology. All stakeholders supported inclusion of PD-related infection, cardiovascular disease, mortality, technique survival, and life participation as the core outcome domains for PD

Effect of maternal vitamin D3 supplementation on maternal health, birth outcomes, and infant growth among HIV-infected Tanzanian pregnant women: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Background: Vitamin D has significant immunomodulatory effects on both adaptive and innate immune responses. Observational studies indicate that adults infected with HIV with low vitamin D status may be at increased risk of mortality, pulmonary tuberculosis, and HIV disease progression. Growing observational evidence also suggests that low vitamin D status in pregnancy may increase the risk of adverse birth and infant health outcomes. As a result, antiretroviral therapy (ART) adjunct vitamin D3 supplementation may improve the health of HIV-infected pregnant women and their children. Methods/design The Trial of Vitamins-5 (ToV5) is an individually randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of maternal vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) supplementation conducted among 2300 HIV-infected pregnant women receiving triple-drug ART under Option B+ in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. HIV-infected pregnant women of 12–27 weeks gestation are randomized to either: 1) 3000 IU vitamin D3 taken daily from randomization in pregnancy until trial discharge at 12 months postpartum; or 2) a matching placebo regimen. Maternal participants are followed-up at monthly clinic visits during pregnancy, at delivery, and then with their children at monthly postpartum clinic visits. The primary efficacy outcomes of the trial are: 1) maternal HIV disease progression or death; 2) risk of small-for-gestational age (SGA) births; and 3) risk of infant stunting at 1 year of age. The primary safety outcome of the trial is incident maternal hypercalcemia. Secondary outcomes include a range of clinical and biological maternal and child health outcomes. Discussion The ToV5 will provide causal evidence on the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on HIV progression and death, SGA births, and infant stunting at 1 year of age. The results of the trial are likely generalizable to HIV-infected pregnant women and their children in similar resource-limited settings utilizing the Option B+ approach. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02305927. Registered on 29 October 2014. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-017-2157-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users