22 research outputs found
Total and Subtypes of Dietary Fat Intake and Its Association with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk
Background: The effect of dietary fat intake on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and in turn on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear in individuals at high CVD risk. Objective: To assess the association between fat intake and MetS components in an adult Mediterranean population at high CVD risk. Design: Baseline assessment of nutritional adequacy in participants (n = 6560, men and women, 55-75 years old, with overweight/obesity and MetS) in the PREvenciĂłn con DIeta MEDiterrĂĄnea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial. Methods: Assessment of fat intake (total fat, monounsatured fatty acids: MUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids: PUFA, saturated fatty acids: SFA, trans-fatty acids: trans-FA, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and Ï-3 FA) using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality using 17-item Mediterranean dietary questionnaire and fat quality index (FQI). Results: Participants in the highest quintile of total dietary fat intake showed lower intake of energy, carbohydrates, protein and fiber, but higher intake of PUFA, MUFA, SFA, TFA, LA, ALA and Ï-3 FA. Differences in MetS components were found according to fat intake. Odds (5th vs. 1st quintile): hyperglycemia: 1.3-1.6 times higher for total fat, MUFA, SFA and Ï-3 FA intake; low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c): 1.2 higher for LA; hypertriglyceridemia: 0.7 lower for SFA and Ï-3 FA intake. Conclusions: Dietary fats played different role on MetS components of high CVD risk patients. Dietary fat intake was associated with higher risk of hyperglycemia
Type-Specific HPV Prevalence in Cervical Cancer and High-Grade Lesions in Latin America and the Caribbean: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND: Cervical cancer is a major public health problem in Latin America and the Caribbean (LA&C), showing some of the highest incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Information on HPV type distribution in high-grade cervical lesions (HSIL) and invasive cervical cancer (ICC) is crucial to predict the future impact of HPV16/18 vaccines and screening programmes, and to establish an appropriate post-vaccinal virologic surveillance. The aim was to assess the prevalence of HPV types in HSIL and ICC in studies in LA&C. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We performed a systematic review, following the MOOSE guidelines for systematic reviews of observational studies, and the PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Inclusion criteria were at least ten cases of HSIL/ICC, and HPV-type elicitation. The search, without language restrictions, was performed in MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, LILACS from inception date to December 2009, proceedings, reference lists and consulting experts. A meta-analysis was performed using arc-sine transformations to stabilize the variance of simple proportions. Seventy-nine studies from 18 countries were identified, including 2446 cases of HSIL and 5540 of ICC. Overall, 46.5% of HSIL cases harbored HPV 16 and 8.9% HPV18; in ICC, 53.2% of cases harbored HPV 16 and 13.2% HPV 18. The next five most common types, in decreasing frequency, were HPV 31, 58, 33, 45, and 52. Study's limitations comprise the cross-sectional design of most included studies and their inherent risk of bias, the lack of representativeness, and variations in the HPV type-specific sensitivity of different PCR protocols. CONCLUSIONS: This study is the broadest summary of HPV type distribution in HSIL and ICC in LA&C to date. These data are essential for local decision makers regarding HPV screening and vaccination policies. Continued HPV surveillance would be useful, to assess the potential for changing type-specific HPV prevalence in the post-vaccination era in Latin America
Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries
Abstract
Background
Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres.
Methods
This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and lowâmiddle-income countries.
Results
In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of âsingle-useâ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for lowâmiddle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia.
Conclusion
This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both highâ and lowâmiddleâincome countries
Total and Subtypes of Dietary Fat Intake and Its Association with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk
Background: The effect of dietary fat intake on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and in turn on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear in individuals at high CVD risk. Objective: To assess the association between fat intake and MetS components in an adult Mediterranean population at high CVD risk. Design: Baseline assessment of nutritional adequacy in participants (n = 6560, men and women, 55-75 years old, with overweight/obesity and MetS) in the PREvenciĂłn con DIeta MEDiterrĂĄnea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial. Methods: Assessment of fat intake (total fat, monounsatured fatty acids: MUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids: PUFA, saturated fatty acids: SFA, trans-fatty acids: trans-FA, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and Ï-3 FA) using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality using 17-item Mediterranean dietary questionnaire and fat quality index (FQI). Results: Participants in the highest quintile of total dietary fat intake showed lower intake of energy, carbohydrates, protein and fiber, but higher intake of PUFA, MUFA, SFA, TFA, LA, ALA and Ï-3 FA. Differences in MetS components were found according to fat intake. Odds (5th vs. 1st quintile): hyperglycemia: 1.3-1.6 times higher for total fat, MUFA, SFA and Ï-3 FA intake; low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c): 1.2 higher for LA; hypertriglyceridemia: 0.7 lower for SFA and Ï-3 FA intake. Conclusions: Dietary fats played different role on MetS components of high CVD risk patients. Dietary fat intake was associated with higher risk of hyperglycemia
Memorias: primer encuentro de la RED internacional de investigaciĂłn en el marco de la X Jornada de InvestigaciĂłn 2019
ERII 2019 es el Primer Encuentro de la Red Internacional Universitaria para el Desarrollo de la InvestigaciĂłn y las Publicaciones CientĂficas, conformada por la Universidad CatĂłlica de Colombia, la Universidad CatĂłlica de Salta (Argentina), la Universidad de Monterrey (MĂ©xico) y la Universidad Gabriela Mistral (Chile). Esta red tiene como principal objetivo potenciar el desarrollo de la actividad investigativa, mediante la formalizaciĂłn de redes de investigadores, la promociĂłn de actividades conjuntas, el diseño de planes y movilidad y el trabajo en una red editorial. La actividad acadĂ©mica fue un espacio abierto para compartir experiencias y resultados de investigaciĂłn no solo de las universidades adscritas a la red, sino de otras instituciones que participaron en el evento. (Tomado de la fuente).1ra ediciĂłnIntroducciĂłn
ponencias
I. Derecho y Ciencias Sociales
AnĂĄlisis del marco institucional vinculado a la implementaciĂłn de las salvaguardas REDD+ en la Provincia de Salta, Argentina
Guadalupe Zapata: intersticios en la construcciĂłn histĂłrica fundacional de Pereira, Colombia
La notificaciĂłn por aviso como garantĂa al debido proceso y tutela judicial efectiva en el proceso monitorio colombiano: anĂĄlisis en el marco de la Sentencia C-031/2019
MigraciĂłn y prĂĄcticas territoriales de la comunidad boliviana en la ciudad de Salta, Argentina
El derecho de infancia y adolescencia en Colombia: reflexiones sobre su estatuto jurĂdico-doctrinal
La soberanĂa funcional en Colombia para los derechos humanos
AgniciĂłn de los militares vĂctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia
Elementos politolĂłgicos y jurĂdicos del voto en blanco, el voto nulo y el abstencionismo en las elecciones presidenciales de Ecuador 2017, Costa Rica 2018 y Colombia 2018
La democracia: Âżun fruto envenenado? Una propuesta de jerarquizaciĂłn de las democracias liberales
Estudio sobre las relaciones de similitud, causalidad y simbólicas en niños de 3 a 13 años
GarantĂas para el ejercicio de los derechos de los usuarios y estudiantes con discapacidad, enfocado en la inclusiĂłn desde el consultorio jurĂdico de CECAR
II. Arte, Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño
La industrializaciĂłn como motor de suburbanizaciĂłn y metropolizaciĂłn de Monterrey, MĂ©xico, en el siglo XX
ReivindicaciĂłn del campesinado desde sus prĂĄcticas y saberes: tradiciones en tiempos del posacuerdo en el Sumapaz (Colombia)
Diseño geomĂ©trico de âcaladoâ para potencializar la ventilaciĂłn natural en edificaciones
El Anfiteatro de la quebrada de Las Conchas: caracterizaciĂłn acĂșstica direccional
Estrategia de intervenciĂłn urbana para la reconfiguraciĂłn de las redes caminables del borde urbano. Caso de estudio: Sierra Morena, USME
Instrumentos musicales del Caribe colombiano en vĂas de extinciĂłn: guandĂș, arco de boca y marimba de pierna
Dispositivos de cambio: intervenciones colectivas en el borde urbano suroriental de BogotĂĄ
Creación de nuevos procesos y diseños para la arquitectura de América Latina con la ayuda de indicadores
III. IngenierĂa y TecnologĂa
Diseño de inclusión tecnológica educativa a través del B-Learning y las TIC
Diseño de soluciones tecnológicas a problemas del contexto local en región a través del semillero de investigación TECSIS de la Universidad de Caldas
AplicaciĂłn de las tecnologĂas semĂĄnticas a la forensia digital: ontologĂa del correo electrĂłnico y su trazabilidad para el anĂĄlisis forense
M-Learning aplicado para estudio de mercados en la formulaciĂłn de proyectos
AnĂĄlisis en la generaciĂłn de caudales pico a partir del cambio de la cobertura vegetal en la cuenca Sardinata, departamento del Norte de Santander, Colombia
AnĂĄlisis de impactos ambientales provocados por el aprovechamiento de recursos naturales renovables: metodologĂas que desarrollan nuevas fuentes generadoras de energĂa en PanamĂĄ y Colombia
AplicaciĂłn de un modelo unificado para arcillas y arenas a suelos tĂpicos de la ciudad de Salta
Estudio técnico para la planeación de la emisora radial de la Universidad Católica de Colombia con migración hacia radio digital
La transferencia de las tecnologĂas limpias en la vivienda social en Brasil y Colombia
Desarrollo de un contador Geiger-MĂŒller para verificar la exposiciĂłn a la radiaciĂłn en salas de radiologĂa convencional
Diseño de un controlador tolerante a fallas en un vehĂculo de suspensiĂłn semiactiva
IV. Ciencias de la Salud
BiorremediaciĂłn de residuos peligrosos generados por laboratorios de docencia de la Universidad Colegio Mayor de Cundinamarca
Morbilidad en Ecuador, 2007-2016
El desplazamiento del metabolismo de atorvastatina es afectado por los polimorfismos SLCO1B1 y ABCB1 en la poblaciĂłn mexicana
Terapia ocupacional basada en la evidencia y razonamiento profesional en equipos interdisciplinares de tecnologĂa de apoyo: prĂłtesis impresas en 3D de la CorporaciĂłn Fabrilab
Vicisitudes actuales de la autoridad en las familias de Salta, Argentina
Efecto de la lesión por leishmaniasis cutånea (Leishmania braziliensis, Leishmania amazonensis) en el nervio periférico y dermis en ratones Balb/C. Estudio in vivo
Diseño y validación del cuestionario de gravedad social percibida del consumo de alcohol en adolescentes
Diseño y construcción de una aplicación virtual para rehabilitación auditiva en adultos
Revisión sistemåtica: propiedades psicométricas de los instrumentos utilizados para evaluar las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria en joven, adulto y persona mayor
V. Negocios, Ciencias EconĂłmicas y Administrativas
Estudio de factibilidad para la conformaciĂłn de una empresa prestadora de servicios para motocicletas en Manizales
Oferta productiva del cacao colombiano en el posconflicto: estrategias para el aprovechamiento de oportunidades comerciales en el marco del acuerdo comercial entre Colombia y la UniĂłn Europea
VI. EducaciĂłn y Humanidades
La infantilizaciĂłn del estudiante universitario: origen, situaciĂłn actual e implicaciones
PromociĂłn de competencias socioafectivas en el aula
AnĂĄlisis de la estructura curricular de la Licenciatura en Higiene y Seguridad en el Trabajo: el sistema modular
La familia cristiana, una nueva buena para el tercer milenio: los Encuentros Mundiales de las Familias, de Juan Pablo II a Francisco (1994-2018)
Perspectivas de la innovaciĂłn educativa que caracterizan los trabajos de investigaciĂłn de la MaestrĂa en E-Learning de la Universidad AutĂłnoma de Bucaramanga (Colombia)
AnĂĄlisis de las nuevas tendencias laborales y formativas del trabajador social de Uniminuto (Girardot)
ArticulaciĂłn entre la educaciĂłn religiosa escolar y el derecho a la libertad religiosa
AnĂĄlisis correlacional del aporte de la educaciĂłn pregradual a la educaciĂłn secundaria de los egresados del programa de Trabajo Social del 2018 del CRG Uniminuto
El aprendizaje en la resignificaciĂłn de la vida de las infancias
Modelo teĂłrico predictor de la retenciĂłn estudiantil a partir del engagement en la FundaciĂłn Universitaria Los Libertadores
La letra con sangre entra: castigo permitido en la educaciĂłn escolar en BogotĂĄ
La diferencia en la educaciĂłn
pĂłsteres
I. Arte, Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño
RestructuraciĂłn de los paisajes naturales presentes en los bordes urbanos de BogotĂĄ
ÂżPaisaje, medioambiente y tecnologĂa como bioarquitectura del paisaje?
El equipamiento de culto en la construcciĂłn del borde urbano de la ciudad
II. IngenierĂa y TecnologĂa
Nueva matriz para registrar la experiencia consolidada de los oferentes que contratan con el Estado en el sector de la infraestructura vial, en la empresa JOYCO S. A. S
Seguridad a un ojo de distancia
Sistema de radio sobre fibra para la transmisiĂłn de imĂĄgenes
Estructuras en guadua (quiosco) y bambĂș (yurta)*
AnĂĄlisis de la utilizaciĂłn de fibras de guadua como refuerzo del concreto
Laboratorios con simulación y con equipo real en la enseñanza de redes de computadoras en el nivel universitario
AnĂĄlisis bibliomĂ©trico de la correlaciĂłn existente entre los tĂłpicos de âidentificadores de radiofrecuenciaâ y âgestiĂłn de cadena de suministrosâ como caso de estudio
II. Ciencias de la Salud
Presencia en manos y conocimiento de Staphylococcus aureus coagulasa positivo en estudiantes de ĂĄreas de la salud
IV. EducaciĂłn y Humanidades
Del refugio de la virtualidad a la exposiciĂłn del contacto real
Conclusione
Enhanced interpretation of newborn screening results without analyte cutoff values
A collaboration among 157 newborn screening programs in 47 countries has lead to the
creation of a database of 705,333 discrete analyte concentrations from 11,462 cases affected with
57 metabolic disorders, and from 631 heterozygotes for 12 conditions. This evidence was first
applied to establish disease ranges for amino acids and acylcarnitines, and clinically validate 114
cutoff target ranges.
Objective: To improve quality and performance with an evidence-based approach, multivariate
pattern recognition software has been developed to aid in the interpretation of complex analyte
profiles. The software generates tools that convert multiple clinically significant results into a
single numerical score based on overlap between normal and disease ranges, penetration within
the disease range, differences between specific conditions, and weighted correction factors.
Design: Eighty-five on-line tools target either a single condition or the differential diagnosis
between two or more conditions. Scores are expressed as a numerical value and as the percentile
rank among all cases with the condition chosen as primary target, and are compared to
interpretation guidelines. Tools are updated automatically after any new data submission (2009-
2011: 5.2 new cases added per day on average).
Main outcome measures: Retrospective evaluation of past cases suggest that these tools could
have avoided at least half of 277 false positive outcomes caused by carrier status for fatty acid
oxidation disorders, and could have prevented 88% of false negative events caused by cutoff
7
values set inappropriately. In Minnesota, their prospective application has been a major
contributing factor to the sustained achievement of a false positive rate below 0.1% and a
positive predictive value above 60%.
Conclusions: Application of this computational approach to raw data could make cutoff values
for single analytes effectively obsolete. This paradigm is not limited to newborn screening and is
applicable to the interpretation of diverse multi-analyte profiles utilized in laboratory medicine.
Abstract wor
Clinical validation of cutoff target ranges in newborn screening of metabolic disorders by tandem mass spectrometry: A worldwide collaborative project
PURPOSE:: To achieve clinical validation of cutoff values for newborn screening by tandem mass spectrometry through a worldwide collaborative effort. METHODS:: Cumulative percentiles of amino acids and acylcarnitines in dried blood spots of approximately 25-30 million normal newborns and 10,742 deidentified true positive cases are compared to assign clinical significance, which is achieved when the median of a disorder range is, and usually markedly outside, either the 99th or the 1st percentile of the normal population. The cutoff target ranges of analytes and ratios are then defined as the interval between selected percentiles of the two populations. When overlaps occur, adjustments are made to maximize sensitivity and specificity taking all available factors into consideration. RESULTS:: As of December 1, 2010, 130 sites in 45 countries have uploaded a total of 25,114 percentile data points, 565,232 analyte results of true positive cases with 64 conditions, and 5,341 cutoff values. The average rate of submission of true positive cases between December 1, 2008, and December 1, 2010, was 5.1 cases/day. This cumulative evidence generated 91 high and 23 low cutoff target ranges. The overall proportion of cutoff values within the respective target range was 42% (2,269/5,341). CONCLUSION:: An unprecedented level of cooperation and collaboration has allowed the objective definition of cutoff target ranges for 114 markers to be applied to newborn screening of rare metabolic disorders. © 2011 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
ContribuiçÔes da Sociologia na AmĂ©rica Latina Ă imaginação sociolĂłgica: anĂĄlise, crĂtica e compromisso social Sociology's contribution in Latin America to sociological imagination: analysis, critique, and social commitment
O artigo aborda o papel desempenhado pela Sociologia na anĂĄlise dos processos de transformação das sociedades latino-americanas, no acompanhamento do processo de construção do Estado e da Nação, na problematização das questĂ”es sociais na AmĂ©rica Latina. SĂŁo analisados seis perĂodos na Sociologia na AmĂ©rica Latina e no Caribe: I) a herança intelectual da Sociologia ; II) a sociologia da cĂĄtedra; III) O perĂodo da "Sociologia CientĂfica" e a configuração da "Sociologia CrĂtica"; IV) a crise institucional, a consolidação da "Sociologia CrĂtica" e a diversificação da sociologia; V) a sociologia do autoritarismo, da democracia e da exclusĂŁo; VI) a consolidação institucional e a mundialização da sociologia da AmĂ©rica Latina (desde o ano de 2000), podendo-se afirmar que os traços distintivos do saber sociolĂłgico no continente foram: o internacionalismo, o hibridismo, a abordagem crĂtica dos processos e conflitos das sociedades latino-americanas e o compromisso social do sociĂłlogo.<br>The article focuses on the role played by Sociology in the analysis of processes of change in Latin American societies, in the process of construction of Nation and State, in the debate of social issues in Latin America and the Caribbean. Six periods in Sociology in Latin America and the Caribbean are examined: I) sociology's intellectual legacy; II) sociology as a cathedra; III) the period of "Scientific Sociology"; IV) the institutional crisis, the consolidation of "Critical Sociology", and the diversifying of sociology; V) sociology of authoritarianism, democracy and exclusion; VI) institutional consolidation and globalization of Latin American sociology (since 2000). It may be said that the distinctive features of sociological knowledge in the continent were: internationalism, hybridism, the critical approach to processes and conflicts of Latin American societies, and the sociologist social commitment
Risk of COVID-19 after natural infection or vaccinationResearch in context
Summary: Background: While vaccines have established utility against COVID-19, phase 3 efficacy studies have generally not comprehensively evaluated protection provided by previous infection or hybrid immunity (previous infection plus vaccination). Individual patient data from US government-supported harmonized vaccine trials provide an unprecedented sample population to address this issue. We characterized the protective efficacy of previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and hybrid immunity against COVID-19 early in the pandemic over three-to six-month follow-up and compared with vaccine-associated protection. Methods: In this post-hoc cross-protocol analysis of the Moderna, AstraZeneca, Janssen, and Novavax COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials, we allocated participants into four groups based on previous-infection status at enrolment and treatment: no previous infection/placebo; previous infection/placebo; no previous infection/vaccine; and previous infection/vaccine. The main outcome was RT-PCR-confirmed COVID-19 >7â15 days (per original protocols) after final study injection. We calculated crude and adjusted efficacy measures. Findings: Previous infection/placebo participants had a 92% decreased risk of future COVID-19 compared to no previous infection/placebo participants (overall hazard ratio [HR] ratio: 0.08; 95% CI: 0.05â0.13). Among single-dose Janssen participants, hybrid immunity conferred greater protection than vaccine alone (HR: 0.03; 95% CI: 0.01â0.10). Too few infections were observed to draw statistical inferences comparing hybrid immunity to vaccine alone for other trials. Vaccination, previous infection, and hybrid immunity all provided near-complete protection against severe disease. Interpretation: Previous infection, any hybrid immunity, and two-dose vaccination all provided substantial protection against symptomatic and severe COVID-19 through the early Delta period. Thus, as a surrogate for natural infection, vaccination remains the safest approach to protection. Funding: National Institutes of Health