Akadeemiliste kliiniliste ravimiuuringute korraldamine Eestis on takistatud

Eesti Arst 2012; 91(9):460–46

Inimuuringud arstiteaduses – isikuandmete töötlemise põhimõtted

Eesti Arst 2022; 101(9):472–47

Meditsiinilisest veast teatamine patsiendile

Eesti Arst 2016; 95(8):553–55

Meditsiinieetika õpetamisest Tartu Ülikooli tervishoiu instituudis

Eesti Arst 2012; 91(11):629–63

Raske traumaga haigete hospitaliseerimine piirkondlikesse haiglatesse ajavahemikul 2021–2022: demograafilised andmed ja ravitulemid

Taust ja eesmärk. Raske trauma (RT) on olulise mõjuga rahva tervisele. Eestis hospitaliseeritakse enamik RT-juhtudest kahte traumakeskusesse (Põhja-Eesti Regionaalhaigla koos Tallinna Lastehaiglaga – PERH + TLH ja Tartu Ülikooli Kliinikum – TÜK). Nende keskuste RT-ravijuhud on koondatud Eesti traumaandmete kogusse (ETK). Uuringu eesmärk oli anda ETK andmete põhjal ülevaade 2021. ja 2022. aastal Eesti piirkondlikes haiglates ravitud RT-juhtude epidemioloogiast ning võrrelda kahe traumakeskuse RTde profiili ja tulemeid.Metoodika. ETK põhjal kaasati kõik 2021. ja 2022. aasta RT-ravijuhud. Analüüsitud andmed sisaldasid demograafilist infot, vigastuste profiili, traumamehhanisme, trauma toimumise asukohta ja trauma asjaolusid. Esmasteks tulemiteks olid haiglasisene suremus jahaigla ravipäevade arv.Tulemused. Uuringuperioodil raviti traumakeskustes kokku 284 RTd, neist 190 PERHi + TLH ja 94 TÜKi vastutuspiirkonnas. Patsiendi keskmine vanus oli 46,3 ± 19,7 aastat, 80,6% patsientidest olid mehed. PERHi + TLH piirkonnas toimunud RTdest oli võrreldes TÜKi piirkonnaga toimunud rohkem tänaval või asulas (42,6% vs. 21,3%, p < 0,001) ja TÜKi piirkonnas rohkem maanteel (29,8% vs. 14,7%, p = 0,003). Traumamehhanismide võrdlusel esines samal tasapinnal kukkumisi sagedamini PERHi + TLH piirkonnas (16,8% vs. 6,4%, p = 0,015), samas TÜKi piirkonnas oli enam mootorsõidukiõnnetusi (29,8% vs. 12,1%, p < 0,001). Keskmine haiglas viibimise aeg oli 12,0 ± 11,1 päeva ja haiglasisene suremus oli 20,4%. Haiglaravi kestus ega suremus ei erinenud piirkondades.Järeldused. Mõlema traumakeskuse ravi tulemusnäitajad on sarnased. RT-profiili regionaalsete varieeruvuste põhjuseks võib pidada PERHi + TLH ja TÜKi piirkonna geograafilisi, majanduslikke ja demograafilisi erinevusi

Genome-wide association study identifies six new loci influencing pulse pressure and mean arterial pressure.

Numerous genetic loci have been associated with systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in Europeans. We now report genome-wide association studies of pulse pressure (PP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP). In discovery (N = 74,064) and follow-up studies (N = 48,607), we identified at genome-wide significance (P = 2.7 × 10(-8) to P = 2.3 × 10(-13)) four new PP loci (at 4q12 near CHIC2, 7q22.3 near PIK3CG, 8q24.12 in NOV and 11q24.3 near ADAMTS8), two new MAP loci (3p21.31 in MAP4 and 10q25.3 near ADRB1) and one locus associated with both of these traits (2q24.3 near FIGN) that has also recently been associated with SBP in east Asians. For three of the new PP loci, the estimated effect for SBP was opposite of that for DBP, in contrast to the majority of common SBP- and DBP-associated variants, which show concordant effects on both traits. These findings suggest new genetic pathways underlying blood pressure variation, some of which may differentially influence SBP and DBP

Publication Ethics in Biomedical Journals from Countries in Central and Eastern Europe

Publication ethics is an important aspect of both the research and publication enterprises. It is particularly important in the field of biomedical science because published data may directly affect human health. In this article, we examine publication ethics policies in biomedical journals published in Central and Eastern Europe. We were interested in possible differences between East European countries that are members of the European Union (Eastern EU) and South-East European countries (South-East Europe) that are not members of the European Union.The most common ethical issues addressed by all journals in the region were redundant publication, peer review process, and copyright or licensing details. Image manipulation, editors’ conflicts of interest and registration of clinical trialswere the least common ethical policies. Three aspects were significantly morecommon in journals published outside the EU: statements on the endorsement of international editorial standards, contributorship policy, and image manipulation.On the other hand, copyright or licensing information were more prevalent in journals published in the Eastern EU. The existence of significant differences amongbiomedical journals’ ethical policies calls for further research and active measuresto harmonize policies across journals. On the other hand, copyright or licensing information were more prevalent in journals published in the Eastern EU. The existence of significant differences among biomedical journals’ ethical policies calls for further research and active measures to harmonize policies across journals

A variant in MCF2L is associated with osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent, heritable degenerative joint disease with a substantial public health impact. We used a 1000-Genomes-Project-based imputation in a genome-wide association scan for osteoarthritis (3177 OA cases and 4894 controls) to detect a previously unidentified risk locus. We discovered a small disease-associated set of variants on chromosome 13. Through large-scale replication, we establish a robust association with SNPs in MCF2L (rs11842874, combined odds ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.17 [1.11-1.23], p = 2.1 × 10(-8)) across a total of 19,041 OA cases and 24,504 controls of European descent. This risk locus represents the third established signal for OA overall. MCF2L regulates a nerve growth factor (NGF), and treatment with a humanized monoclonal antibody against NGF is associated with reduction in pain and improvement in function for knee OA patients