Implementação de direitoss humanos no ordenamento juridico colombiano, um enfoque a partir da constituição política nacional e do bloco de constitucionalidade

The central problem analyzed in this investigation is the following question: What are the constitutional and jurisprudential characteristics that support the Sistema Interamericano de Protección de los Derechos Humanos, SIPDH in the internal legal order? International jurisprudence establishes that States are effectively able to conclude what kind of norms may generate rights and obligations relating to their relations with individuals. For this it applies to carry out an analysis based on the constitutional postulates and the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court considered an interpreter of the Political Charter, with the purpose of observing the binding concept of the constitutionality block in implementing the SIPDH enshrined in the Pact of San José de Costa Rica, in the interior of the Colombian State.O problema central analisado nessa investigação se constitui da seguinte pergunta: Quais são as características constitucionais e jurisprudenciais que sustentam a integração do Sistema Interamericano de Proteção aos Direitos Humanos, SIPDH no ordenamento jurídico interno?A jurisprudência internacional determina que os Estados estão efetivamente em capacidade de concluir que tipo de normas podem gerar direitos e obrigações relativas a suas relações com os particulares. Para isto é necessário realizar uma análise a partir dos postulados constitucionais e da jurisprudência da Corte Constitucional considerada intérprete da Carta Política, com a finalidade de observar o conceito vinculante do bloco de constitucionalidade na implementação do SIPDH consagrados pelo Pacto de São José da Costa Rica, no interior do Estado Colombiano.O problema central analisado nessa investigação se constitui da seguinte pergunta: Quais são as características constitucionais e jurisprudenciais que sustentam a integração do Sistema Interamericano de Proteção aos Direitos Humanos, SIPDH no ordenamento jurídico interno?A jurisprudência internacional determina que os Estados estão efetivamente em capacidade de concluir que tipo de normas podem gerar direitos e obrigações relativas a suas relações com os particulares. Para isto é necessário realizar uma análise a partir dos postulados constitucionais e da jurisprudência da Corte Constitucional considerada intérprete da Carta Política, com a finalidade de observar o conceito vinculante do bloco de constitucionalidade na implementação do SIPDH consagrados pelo Pacto de São José da Costa Rica, no interior do Estado Colombiano

EL ACOSO LABORAL DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA JURISPRUDENCIAL DE LA CORTE CONSTITUCIONAL COLOMBIANA

In Colombia, Law 1010 is issued on January 23, 2006, with the «purpose of defining, preventing, correcting and punishing the various forms of aggression, mistreatment, disrespectful and offensive treatment and, in general, any outrage against human dignity» (Congress of the Republic, Law 1010, 2006). These concepts are framed within the Colombian Constitutional Jurisprudence, as rights that the State has the obligation to defend for being considered from  the  constitution of 1991 a Social State of law, where human dignity is one of the principles of Greater constitutional relevance.  It  is  then  written a tour of the relevant manifestations of the Constitutional Court from the critical analysis, trying to perceive the elements that could be considered evolutionary in the protection of workers, and others that not so much could be called «evolution».En  Colombia  se  expide  la  Ley  1010  el 23 de enero del 2006 con el «objeto de definir, prevenir, corregir y sancionar las diversas formas de agresión, maltrato, trato desconsiderado y ofensivo y, en general, todo ultraje a la dignidad  humana»  (Congreso de la República, Ley 1010, 2006). Estos conceptos se encuentran enmarcados  dentro de la jurisprudencia constitucional colombiana como derechos que el Estado tiene la obligación de defender por ser considerado a partir de la Constitución de 1991 un Estado Social de Derecho, en donde la dignidad humana es uno de los principios de mayor relevancia constitucional. Es entonces este escrito un recorrido por las manifestaciones  relevantes de la corte constitucional desde el análisis crítico, intentando así percibir los elementos que  podrían  considerarse  evolutivos  en  la protección de los trabajadores, y otros que no tanto podrían denominarse «evolución»

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Reflections on the law and the algorithm judge

This text does not seek to cover the impact of new technologies on the practice of law in our country, technology can probably lead to the crystallization of wonderful ideas to deliver justice in a prompt and timely manner, however certain threats and dangers in its implementation, when at a global level virtual dispute resolution methods and digital courts are proposed through artificial intelligence, what was thought by humanity in the very distant future, this reality takes strength in the justice sector.Este texto não procura cobrir o impacto das novas tecnologias sobre a prática da lei em nosso país. A tecnologia provavelmente pode levar à cristalização de idéias maravilhosas para oferecer justiça de maneira rápida e oportuna, por mais certas ameaças e perigos em sua implementação, quando, em nível global, métodos de resolução de disputas virtuais e tribunais digitais são propostos por meio da inteligência artificial, o que foi pensado pela humanidade em um futuro muito distante, essa realidade ganha força no setor da justiça.El presente texto, no busca abarcar el impacto de las nuevas tecnologías en el ejercicio del Derecho en nuestro país, probablemente la tecnología puede llevar a la cristalización de ideas maravillosas para impartir justicia de manera pronta y oportuna, sin embargo se pueden avizorar ciertas amenazas y peligros en su implementación, cuando a nivel mundial se plantean métodos de solución de controversias virtuales y juzgados digitales mediante la inteligencia artificial, aquello que se pensaba por la humanidad en un futuro muy lejano, esta realidad toma fuerza en el sector justicia

EL ACOSO LABORAL DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA JURISPRUDENCIAL DE LA CORTE CONSTITUCIONAL COLOMBIANA

In Colombia, Law 1010 is issued on January 23, 2006, with the «purpose of defining, preventing, correcting and punishing the various forms of aggression, mistreatment, disrespectful and offensive treatment and, in general, any outrage against human dignity» (Congress of the Republic, Law 1010, 2006). These concepts are framed within the Colombian Constitutional Jurisprudence, as rights that the State has the obligation to defend for being considered from  the  constitution of 1991 a Social State of law, where human dignity is one of the principles of Greater constitutional relevance.  It  is  then  written a tour of the relevant manifestations of the Constitutional Court from the critical analysis, trying to perceive the elements that could be considered evolutionary in the protection of workers, and others that not so much could be called «evolution».En  Colombia  se  expide  la  Ley  1010  el 23 de enero del 2006 con el «objeto de definir, prevenir, corregir y sancionar las diversas formas de agresión, maltrato, trato desconsiderado y ofensivo y, en general, todo ultraje a la dignidad  humana»  (Congreso de la República, Ley 1010, 2006). Estos conceptos se encuentran enmarcados  dentro de la jurisprudencia constitucional colombiana como derechos que el Estado tiene la obligación de defender por ser considerado a partir de la Constitución de 1991 un Estado Social de Derecho, en donde la dignidad humana es uno de los principios de mayor relevancia constitucional. Es entonces este escrito un recorrido por las manifestaciones  relevantes de la corte constitucional desde el análisis crítico, intentando así percibir los elementos que  podrían  considerarse  evolutivos  en  la protección de los trabajadores, y otros que no tanto podrían denominarse «evolución»

El acoso laboral desde la perspectiva jurisprudencial de la corte constitucional colombiana

In Colombia, Law 1010 is issued on January 23, 2006, with the «purpose of defining, preventing, correcting and punishing the various forms of aggression, mistreatment, disrespectful and offensive treatment and, in general, any outrage against human dignity» (Congress of the Republic, Law 1010, 2006). These concepts are framed within the Colombian Constitutional Jurisprudence, as rights that the State has the obligation to defend for being considered from  the  constitution of 1991 a Social State of law, where human dignity is one of the principles of Greater constitutional relevance.  It  is  then  written a tour of the relevant manifestations of the Constitutional Court from the critical analysis, trying to perceive the elements that could be considered evolutionary in the protection of workers, and others that not so much could be called «evolution».En  Colombia  se  expide  la  Ley  1010  el 23 de enero del 2006 con el «objeto de definir, prevenir, corregir y sancionar las diversas formas de agresión, maltrato, trato desconsiderado y ofensivo y, en general, todo ultraje a la dignidad  humana»  (Congreso de la República, Ley 1010, 2006). Estos conceptos se encuentran enmarcados  dentro de la jurisprudencia constitucional colombiana como derechos que el Estado tiene la obligación de defender por ser considerado a partir de la Constitución de 1991 un Estado Social de Derecho, en donde la dignidad humana es uno de los principios de mayor relevancia constitucional. Es entonces este escrito un recorrido por las manifestaciones  relevantes de la corte constitucional desde el análisis crítico, intentando así percibir los elementos que  podrían  considerarse  evolutivos  en  la protección de los trabajadores, y otros que no tanto podrían denominarse «evolución»

Autenticidad y debido proceso en los mensajes de Whatsapp: Una revisión en los casos de divorcio

The article analyzes the authenticity of Whatsapp messages as evidence in the judicial process of divorce cases and their impact on the protection of the principle of due process in Colombia. The study is based on a socio-legal approach and information collection techniques such as document review, focus group, interview with experts and non-participant observation are used. The results show that the ease of modifying Whatsapp messages, even without the greatest technical knowledge through free applications, generates the need to thoroughly review the authenticity of the messages, to avoid disregarding the principle of due process; being the hash code a factor that contributes to guaranteeing the authenticity of the digital proof and therefore, it must be implemented in divorce cases.El artículo analiza la autenticidad de los mensajes de Whatsapp como prueba en el proceso judicial en los casos de divorcio y su incidencia en la protección del principio del debido proceso en Colombia. El estudio se sustenta en un enfoque sociojurídico y utiliza técnicas de recolección de información como la revisión documental, el grupo focal, la entrevista a expertos y la observación no participante. En los resultados se evidencia que la facilidad para modificar mensajes de Whatsapp, aun sin los mayores conocimientos técnicos, por medio de aplicaciones gratuitas, genera la necesidad de revisar la autenticidad de los mensajes, para evitar desconocer el principio del debido proceso. El código hash sería un factor que contribuye a garantizar la autenticidad de la prueba digital y, por lo tanto, debe ser implementado en los casos de divorcios

Violencia de género: escenarios sociojurídicos del conflicto en Guatemala y Colombia

Resumen Introducción. La violencia de género marca los estigmas de los abusos sexuales, las torturas y los traumas psicológicos, que vivieron miles de mujeres en el mundo, especialmente en Guatemala y Colombia. Objetivo. Realizar un análisis de la historia, conciencia, y desalienación de la mujer como víctima del poder natural legitimado por parte de los grupos al margen de la ley, y su lucha por proclamar la garantía de sus derechos constitucionales en países como Guatemala y Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una investigación de corte cualitativo con enfoque hermenéutico-jurídico. Resultados. Estos crímenes de lesa humanidad y la violación de los derechos humanos permitieron instaurar la aplicación de una justicia transicional en busca de la verdad, la justicia, la reparación y la no repetición de los actos de barbarie cometidos por los grupos rebeldes o grupos al margen de la ley. Conclusión. El análisis de la violencia de género abarca un proceso de memoria histórica en ambos países que confluye en la participación activa del Estado en la búsqueda de políticas públicas que mejoren la participación activa de los ciudadanos en los procesos democratizadores para la construcción de la paz.Resumo Introdução. A violência de gênero marca os estigmas dos abusos sexuais, as torturas e os traumas psicológicos, que viveram milhões de mulheres no mundo, especialmente na Guatemala e na Colômbia. Objetivo. Realizar uma análise da história, consciência, e desalienações da mulher como vítima do poder natural legitimado por parte dos grupos à margem da lei, e sua luta por proclamar a garantia dos seus direitos constitucionais em países como a Guatemala e a Colômbia. Materiais e métodos. Se realizou uma investigação de corte qualitativo com enfoque hermenêutico-jurídico. Resultados. Estes crimes de lesa humanidade e a violação dos direitos humanos permitiram instaurar a aplicação de uma justiça transicional em busca da verdade, a justiça, a reparação e a não repetição dos atos de barbárie cometidos pelos grupos rebeldes ou grupos à margem da lei. Conclusão. A análise da violência de gênero abarca um processo de memória histórica em ambos países que conflui na participação ativa do Estado na busca de políticas públicas que melhorem a participação ativa dos cidadãos nos processos democratizantes para a construção da paz.Abstract Introduction. Gender violence marks the stigmata of sexual abuses, tortures and psychological traumas experienced by thousands of women all over the world, especially in Guatemala and Colombia. Objective. Make an analysis of the history, the consciousness and the disalienation of women as victims of the natural power legitimated by outlaw groups, and the women's struggle to proclaim the warranty of their constitutional rights in countries such as Guatemala and Colombia. Materials and methods. A qualitative research work with a hermeneutical-juridical focus was made. Results. These crimes against humanity and the violation of the human rights led to the application of a transactional justice in order to find the truth, the compensation and the commitment of not repeating the barbaric actions committed by rebel or outlaw groups. Conclusion. The analysis of gender violence covers a historical memory process in both countries that converges in the active participation of the state, in order to seek for public policies that improve the active participation of the citizens in the democratization processes to build peace