The school principal role in motivating second cycle teachers in Al Ain city

This study aims to identify the role of school principals in motivating teachers in the second cycle schools in Al Ain City, through answering the following research questions: To what extent do school principals in Al Ain City schools assume the role of teacher motivation from the viewpoint of second cycle teachers in Al Ain schools? And what are the teachers’ proposals for activating the role of school principals in teacher recommendations/suggestions? A mixed (quantitative – qualitative) approach was used, which adopted a questionnaire and open questions. The research sample included 258 teachers in 4 boy schools in the second cycle in Al Ain. The study revealed that the motivational practices of school principals in the moral, administrative and social aspects, ranged from average to weak while financial motivation was very weak. Moreover, teachers stressed the need for enhancing all forms of motivation through making motivation methods such as professional development programs for school principals, giving school principals more powers and independence, and good vocational and educational choice of school principals who are able to invest the potential of teachers and motivate them

Theoretical and experimental investigations of different area ratios of a supersonic ejector driven by compressed air

Ejectors have some advantages such as being simple, reliable and no moving parts. They can be used in air-conditioning and refrigeration applications. This paper presents a comparison of ejector performance, primary pressure (Pp), back pressure (Pb) and area ratios of ejectors (A2/At) predictions by an analytical model and a computational fluid dynamics model for different operating conditions. Six different area ratios of ejector using air as working fluid in this study were proposed and tested experimentally. The variable area ratios of ejectors (A2/At) were used with a range from 10.68 to 30.62. Two sets of ejectors (A and C) are studied and examined depend on the kind of nozzle. The aim of this study was to investigate these ejectors under variation of primary pressure (Pp) (1.5–6.0 bar) and adjustable spindle position (0 to −25 mm). Two groups of ejectors (A and C) were categorized based on the type of nozzle. The experimental results validate the solutions of the main parameters of ejectors using air as working fluid. The results show that group A is more appropriate for higher values of back pressure, while group C is more suitable for high performance of the ejector. Finally, the main parameters were carried out on six different ejectors to find the best combination based on various nozzles and constant area sections

Salivary microRNA 155, 146a/b and 203: A pilot study for potentially non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers of periodontitis and diabetes mellitus

Dysregulated expression of MicroRNAs (miRNAs) plays substantial role in the initiation and progression of both diabetes and periodontitis. The aim of the present study was to validate four miRNAs in saliva as potential predictive biomarkers of periodontal disease among patients with and without diabetes mellitus (DM). MiRNAs were extracted from the saliva of 24 adult subjects with DM and 29 healthy controls. Each group was subdivided into periodontally healthy or having periodontitis. In silico analysis identified 4 miRNAs (miRNA 155, 146 a/b and 203) as immune modulators. The expression of miRNAs-146a/b, 155, and 203 was tested using quantitative PCR. The expression levels in the study groups were compared to explore the effect of diabetes on periodontal status and vice versa. In our cohort, the four miRNAs expression were higher in patients with periodontitis and/or diabetes. miRNA-155 was the most reliable predictors of periodontitis among non-diabetics with an optimum cut-off value of < 8.97 with accuracy = 82.6%. MiRNA 146a, on the other hand, was the only reliable predictor of periodontitis among subjects with diabetes with optimum cut-off value of ≥11.04 with accuracy = 86.1%. The results of the present study concluded that MiRNA-146a and miRNA155 in saliva provide reliable, non-invasive, diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers that can be used to monitor periodontal health status among diabetic and non-diabetic patients

Implementation of sequential design based water level monitoring and controlling system

In currently decades, water usage either for domestic or commercial purposes is facing critical conditions which negatively affects the sustainability of our environment. From this point of view, reducing water consumptions will participate in the solution of water saving. Monitoring and controlling the tank water level are important functions which effect and work on reduction of water consumption.  Many studies in literature focus on proposing a high performance water level monitoring and controlling systems based on either computerized units or microcontroller units. However these systems are characterized by complexity and high cost. In this paper, a highly flexible implemented electronic system is introduced based on sequential design by using general purpose discrete components. The proposed system present simple design of water level sensing stage, in addition, this paper showing full design, simulation, and implementation steps of an automation system which is able to control switching the state of the water pump in accordance to the current level of water in the tank

An Examination of the Employment Preparedness, Job Satisfaction, and Impact in the Workplace of Qatar University Pharmacy Alumni: A Mixed Methods Study

Introduction: The level of alumni's job satisfaction and preparedness has been found to affect the impact in the workplace. Little is known about alumni's employment experience in Qatar. Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the employment preparedness, job satisfaction and impact in the workplace of College of pharmacy graduates in Qatar. Methods: A sequential exploratory mixed methods study was conducted. For the qualitative phase, data were collected by focus groups and were analyzed thematically. Quantitative data collection involved administration of a validated questionnaire. Results: Research findings suggested that college of Pharmacy (CPH) alumni were mostly well prepared in terms of knowledge and skills. They were mostly satisfied about the curriculum and the experiential learning experience. The participants were challenged by the lack of deep knowledge and skills needed for their area of expertise. COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased workload and stress. Being a Qatar University graduate facilitated the recruitment process. Lastly, a positive impact in the workplace was reported through implementation of NAPRA competencies and AFPC learning outcomes. Conclusion: This study will facilitate the understanding of factors that affect the preparedness, job satisfaction of CPH alumni and their impact in the workplace, which will ultimately enhance the learning experience in CPH

Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2: A Cohort Study in Qatar's Primary Care Settings.

Globally, countries are rolling out Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) quarantine policies and vaccination programs. Research studies are needed in helping understand the likelihood of acquired immunity to reinfection and identify priority groups for vaccination to inform them. This study aimed to assess period prevalence and longitudinal changes in antibody levels after SARS-CoV-2 infection in Qatari primary care settings. A cohort study design with 2 data collection phases was undertaken-Phase 1 (conducted in July 2020) and Phase 2 (conducted in October 2020). A stratified random sampling technique by age, gender and nationality was utilized to identify the study sample. The total sample size required for the study was estimated to be 2102. Participants were invited to an appointment where they were administered a questionnaire and provided samples for polymerase chain reaction and Immunoglobulin G immunoassay tests. A total of 943 individuals participated in both Phase 1 and Phase 2. In this cohort, seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was found to be 12% (N = 113) in Phase 1 and 17.2% (N = 162) in Phase 2. Of the 113 participants who were seropositive in Phase 1, 38.1% (CI 29.5-47.2%, N = 43) had a reduction, 54.9% (CI 45.7-63.8%, N = 62) had no change, and 7.1% (CI 3.4-12.9%, N = 8) had an increase in IgG titer in Phase 2. All (N = 18) participants aged 10 to 17 years retained their antibodies. The proportion of men who retained their antibodies was slightly higher compared to women-92.5% (N = 74) and 87.9% (N = 29) respectively. Similarly, symptomatic individuals (97.8%; N = 45) had a higher antibody retention compared with asymptomatic individuals (86.4%; N = 57). This study provides preliminary information on the longitudinal changes in antibody levels after SARS-CoV-2 infection. These findings will help inform quarantine policies and vaccination programs.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This study was funded by PHCC (PHCCDCR202005047).The funders had no role in the design, analysis, interpretation, or writing

Jurisprudence of expenditure and its economic impact

Tezin adı İslam Hukukunda İnfak ve Sonuçları'dır. Bu tezde çalışmanın ilkelerini, sorunlarını ve amaçlarını ana başlıklarıyla ele aldık. Tezin başında infakın sözlük ve terim anlamını açıkladık, konuyla ilgili Kur'an ve sünnetten delliler zikrettik. Ardından da İslam İktisadında infakın çeşitleri, toplumdaki önemi ve diğer vezî sistemlere olan üstünlüğü hakkında bilgi verdik. Ayrıca devletin yaptığı harcamalar ve İslam hukukunun konuya bakışını ele aldık. Sonra da konunun genel çerçevesini sunmak için, çalışmanın temelini oluşturan, kendilerine zekât verilen sekiz sınıfı açıkladık, zekâtın hükmü ve faidelerine değindik. Bu konuları ele alırken ayrıca zekâtın İslam ekonomisinde önemli bir gelir kaynağı olduğunu da vurguladık. Zekâtın toplumdaki yeri, insanlara sunduğu insani ve ahlakî amaçlarını da "İnfakın sonuçları" başlığı altında ele aldık. Çalışmanın temellerinin açıklanması için İslami ekonomisinin genel infak kurallarını ayrıntılı bir şekilde açıkladık. Çalışmayı üç kategoride ele aldık: Birincisi, önceliği dikkate alarak infakın sıralanmasıdır. İkicisi, İslam ilkelerine göre mali dengenin ekonomik dengenin korunmasındaki rolüdir; zira, söz konusu dengesizlik devletin mali ekonomik sisteminin bozulmasına neden olur. Üçüncüsü ise, kişisel, bölgesel ve merkezi düzeyde infaklarda adaletin teşvik edilmesidir. Çünkü adalet ve denge güveni sağlamaktadır. Adalet, toplumun fertleri arasında ekonomik dengenin gerçekleştirilmesi için önemli bir husustur. İnfak politikasının İslam ekonomik sisteminde, devlet ve toplum içerisindeki önem ve etkisi açıktır. Bu nedenle mali politikanın anlamını, unsurlarını, temellerini, fert ve topluma olan etkisini ve sonuçlarını açıkladık. Ayrıca infakın üretim, tüketim ve yatırıma olan etkisine de değindik.The title of this thesis is 'Jurisprudence of Expenditure and its Economic Impact'. I have demonstrated the principles of this study and edited its topics and objectives by illustrating its main research works as follows. I introduced the study by explaining the meaning of 'expenditure' linguistically and idiomatically, and then explained the Sharia evidences from the holy Quran and Sunnah in details, then explained the sections of expenditure in the Islamic economy; explaining its important role in society and how it surpasses positive systems. This section has also tackled the state expenditure and its compatibility with the Islamic methodology. I have followed that with a detailed presentation of the eight categories related to expenditure which is the foundation of my study in this thesis to give an integrated and extensive picture of this topic. This representation was reflected in explaining the eight-spending expenditure, its categories, regulations and benefits. In the categorization part, this study shows that Zakat (alms) is the main income of the Islamic economic system. If we look at the spending that the holy Quran stipulated, we find it explaining social features of Zakat obviously, in addition to the moral and humanitarian goals which this blessed duty, Zakat, can provide. It transcends as the goal does. I have explained its economic impacts in a separate section where I showed the impact that can leave upon both, the state and the society. To explain the foundations of the study and to be prepared to apply them on the ground and processing its topics, I have introduced a detailed presentation of the public expenditure rules in the Islamic economy. The study highlighted three methods, the first of which explains prioritizing of spending expenditure, taking into consideration, the priority in Islam. Secondly, explaining the financial balance in maintaining economical balance with an explanation of the Islamic methods due to the fact that the lack of balance leads to a defect in the financial economic system of the state. The third method was to motivate achieving justice in expenditure on the central, regional and the individual level because justice and balance achieve comfort, where justice is an integral part in achieving economic balance among individuals of the society. It should not be concealed that expenditure policy has a prominent impact upon Islamic economic system, the state and the society. So, I explained the financial policy tools and the concept of the financial policies in depth. The study has showed and approved the rules that govern the expenditure policy and its impact on the individual and the society as well. It was a must to tackle the explanation of its economic impacts and the role of the state in all those aspects. So, the expenditure impact on production, investment and consumption was also explained in addition to its influential impact on sources allocation plan, the distribution of the national and individual income