74 research outputs found
A position- and time-sensitive photon-counting detector with delay-line read-out
We have developed image intensifier tubes with delay-anode read-out for time-
and position-sensitive photon counting. The timing precision is better than 1
ns with 1000x1000 pixels position resolution and up to one megacounts/s
processing rate. Large format detectors of 40 and 75 mm active diameter with
internal helical-wire delay-line anodes have been produced and specified. A
different type of 40 and 25 mm tubes with semi-conducting screen for image
charge read-out allow for an economic and robust tube design and for placing
the read-out anodes outside the sealed housing. Two types of external
delay-line anodes, i.e. pick-up electrodes for the image charge, have been
tested. We present tests of the detector and anode performance. Due to the low
background this technique is well suited for applications with very low light
intensity and especially if a precise time tagging for each photon is required.
As an example we present the application of scintillator read-out in
time-of-flight (TOF) neutron radiography. Further applications so far are
Fluorescence Life-time Microscopy (FLIM) and AstronomyComment: Proceedings of SPIE Conference "Optics and Optoelectronics", 16 - 19.
Apr.200
(e,3e) on helium at low impact energy: the strongly correlated three-electron continuum
Double ionization of the helium atom by slow electron impact (E0=106  eV) is studied in a kinematically complete experiment. Because of a low excess energy Eexc=27  eV above the double ionization threshold, a strongly correlated three-electron continuum is realized. This is demonstrated by measuring and calculating the fully differential cross sections for equal energy sharing of the final-state electrons. While the electron emission is dominated by a strong Coulomb repulsion, also signatures of more complex dynamics of the full four-body system are identified
Time and position sensitive single photon detector for scintillator read-out
We have developed a photon counting detector system for combined neutron and
gamma radiography which can determine position, time and intensity of a
secondary photon flash created by a high-energy particle or photon within a
scintillator screen. The system is based on a micro-channel plate
photomultiplier concept utilizing image charge coupling to a position- and
time-sensitive read-out anode placed outside the vacuum tube in air, aided by a
standard photomultiplier and very fast pulse-height analyzing electronics. Due
to the low dead time of all system components it can cope with the high
throughput demands of a proposed combined fast neutron and dual discrete energy
gamma radiography method (FNDDER). We show tests with different types of
delay-line read-out anodes and present a novel pulse-height-to-time converter
circuit with its potential to discriminate gamma energies for the projected
FNDDER devices for an automated cargo container inspection system (ACCIS).Comment: Proceedings of FNDA 201
Carbon K-shell Photo Ionization of CO: Molecular frame angular Distributions of normal and conjugate shakeup Satellites
We have measured the molecular frame angular distributions of photoelectrons
emitted from the Carbon K shell of fixed-in-space CO molecules for the case of
simultaneous excitation of the remaining molecular ion. Normal and conjugate
shake up states are observed. Photo electrons belonging to normal \Sigma
-satellite lines show an angular distribution resembling that observed for the
main photoline at the same electron energy. Surprisingly a similar shape is
found for conjugate shake up states with \Pi -symmetry. In our data we identify
shake rather than electron scattering (PEVE) as the mechanism producing the
conjugate lines. The angular distributions clearly show the presence of a
\Sigma -shape resonance for all of the satellite lines.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure
Ion impact induced Interatomic Coulombic Decay in neon and argon dimers
We investigate the contribution of Interatomic Coulombic Decay induced by ion
impact in neon and argon dimers (Ne and Ar) to the production of low
energy electrons. Our experiments cover a broad range of perturbation strengths
and reaction channels. We use 11.37 MeV/u S, 0.125 MeV/u He,
0.1625 MeV/u He and 0.150 MeV/u He as projectiles and study
ionization, single and double electron transfer to the projectile as well as
projectile electron loss processes. The application of a COLTRIMS reaction
microscope enables us to retrieve the three-dimensional momentum vectors of the
ion pairs of the fragmenting dimer into Ne/Ne and
Ar/Ar (q = 1, 2, 3) in coincidence with at least one emitted
electron
Fully differential cross sections for photo-double-ionization of D2
We report the first kinematically complete study of the four-body fragmentation of the D2 molecule following absorption of a single photon. For equal energy sharing of the two electrons and a photon energy of 75.5 eV, we observed the relaxation of one of the selection rules valid for He photo-double-ionization and a strong dependence of the electron angular distribution on the orientation of the molecular axis. This effect is reproduced by a model in which a pair of photoionization amplitudes is introduced for the light polarization parallel and perpendicular to the molecular axis
Position-sensitive ion detection in precision Penning trap mass spectrometry
A commercial, position-sensitive ion detector was used for the first time for
the time-of-flight ion-cyclotron resonance detection technique in Penning trap
mass spectrometry. In this work, the characteristics of the detector and its
implementation in a Penning trap mass spectrometer will be presented. In
addition, simulations and experimental studies concerning the observation of
ions ejected from a Penning trap are described. This will allow for a precise
monitoring of the state of ion motion in the trap.Comment: 20 pages, 13 figure
Absolute ion detection efficiencies of microchannel plates and funnel microchannel plates for multi-coincidence detection
Modern momentum imaging techniques allow for the investigation of complex molecules in the gas phase by detection of several fragment ions in coincidence. For these studies, it is of great importance that the
single-particle detection efficiency e is as high as possible, as the overall efficiency scales with e over n, i.e. the power of the number of detected particles. Here we present measured absolute detection efficiencies for protons of several micro-channel plates (MCPs), including efficiency enhanced "funnel MCPs". Furthermore, the relative detection efficiency for two-, three-, four-, and five-body fragmentation of CHBrClF has been examined. The "funnel" MCPs exhibit an efficiency of approx. 90 percent, gaining a factor of 24 (as compared to "normal" MCPs) in case of a five-fold ion coincidence detection
Auger decay of 1{\sigma}g and 1{\sigma}u hole states of N2 molecule: disentangling decay routes from coincidence measurements
Results of the most sophisticated measurements in coincidence of the angular
resolved K-shell photo- and Auger-electrons, and of two atomic ions produced by
dissociation of N2 molecule, are analyzed. Detection of photoelectrons at
certain angles allows separating the Auger decay processes of the 1{\sigma}g
and 1{\sigma}u core hole states. The Auger electron angular distributions for
each of these hole states are measured as a function of the kinetic energy
release of two atomic ions and are compared with the corresponding theoretical
angular distributions. From that comparison one can disentangle the
contributions of different repulsive doubly charged molecular ion states to the
Auger decay. Different kinetic energy release values are directly related to
the different internuclear distances. In this way one can trace experimentally
the behavior of the potential energy curves of dicationic final states inside
the Frank-Condon region. Presentation of the Auger electron angular
distributions as a function of kinetic energy release of two atomic ions opens
a new dimension in the study of Auger decay
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