3D Visualization of the Iron Oxidation State in FeO/Fe3O4 Core-Shell Nanocubes from Electron Energy Loss Tomography.

Left panel shows the explained variance ratio of the principal component analysis (PCA) decomposition. The six first components, which are enough to explain the whole data set, are plotted in the right panel. Components 0, 3 and 5 show no remarkable features in the Fe L2,3 ionization energy and seem rather related to the background of the spectra due to their power-law behaviour, while component 1 is almost constant and therefore could be related to the dark noise in the detector

3D Visualization of the Iron Oxidation State in FeO/Fe3O4 Core-Shell Nanocubes from Electron Energy Loss Tomography

The physicochemical properties used in numerous advanced nanostructured devices are directly controlled by the oxidation states of their constituents. In this work we combine electron energy-loss spectroscopy, blind source separation, and computed tomography to reconstruct in three dimensions the distribution of Fe and Fe ions in a FeO/FeO core/shell cube-shaped nanoparticle with nanometric resolution. The results highlight the sharpness of the interface between both oxides and provide an average shell thickness, core volume, and average cube edge length measurements in agreement with the magnetic characterization of the sample

Evaluation of appendicitis risk prediction models in adults with suspected appendicitis

Background Appendicitis is the most common general surgical emergency worldwide, but its diagnosis remains challenging. The aim of this study was to determine whether existing risk prediction models can reliably identify patients presenting to hospital in the UK with acute right iliac fossa (RIF) pain who are at low risk of appendicitis. Methods A systematic search was completed to identify all existing appendicitis risk prediction models. Models were validated using UK data from an international prospective cohort study that captured consecutive patients aged 16–45 years presenting to hospital with acute RIF in March to June 2017. The main outcome was best achievable model specificity (proportion of patients who did not have appendicitis correctly classified as low risk) whilst maintaining a failure rate below 5 per cent (proportion of patients identified as low risk who actually had appendicitis). Results Some 5345 patients across 154 UK hospitals were identified, of which two‐thirds (3613 of 5345, 67·6 per cent) were women. Women were more than twice as likely to undergo surgery with removal of a histologically normal appendix (272 of 964, 28·2 per cent) than men (120 of 993, 12·1 per cent) (relative risk 2·33, 95 per cent c.i. 1·92 to 2·84; P < 0·001). Of 15 validated risk prediction models, the Adult Appendicitis Score performed best (cut‐off score 8 or less, specificity 63·1 per cent, failure rate 3·7 per cent). The Appendicitis Inflammatory Response Score performed best for men (cut‐off score 2 or less, specificity 24·7 per cent, failure rate 2·4 per cent). Conclusion Women in the UK had a disproportionate risk of admission without surgical intervention and had high rates of normal appendicectomy. Risk prediction models to support shared decision‐making by identifying adults in the UK at low risk of appendicitis were identified

Synthesis and Optical Properties of Homogeneous Nanoshurikens

During the last years the controlled synthesis of Au nanoparticles (NPs) has almost become a reality, and structures such as spheres, cubes, rods, decahedra, or octahedra can be prepared with <i>a la carte</i> dimensions in a very homogeneous manner. However, the fabrication of spiked particles, the most efficient plasmonic NPs, with controllable geometric parameters remains elusive. Here we show how to prepare highly homogeneous spiked nanoparticles composed of a penta-twinned core and five tips. These nanoparticles, reminiscent of ninja nanoshurikens (throwing stars), exhibit the ability to concentrate large electromagnetic fields at the apexes of the tips upon illumination. The apexes also present high affinity for analytes, giving rise to an unprecedented capacity for quantitative optical ultradetection with SERS

Patron de masticación en las clases III de Angle.

The sample consistent of 12 patients (four females and eight males) with a mean age of 176 years and a diagnosis of Angle class III malocclusion posterior crossbite was selected resultants chowed that 75% of patients shift their mandible towards the working side. 66% on the sample, with presented left-side masticatory pattern, and 75% of patients 75% of those with a right-side masticatory patten, and condylar displacement towards the noon worlking side. No rclationship was found between condole displacement and no relation relationship was found between condylar displacement on the location of the posterior crosbite, nor its severityPatrón de aritmética en las clases III de Angle. CES Odont 1996; 9:38-40. Se seleccionó una muestra de 12 pacientes (cuatro hombres y ocho mujeres) con edad promedio de 17.6 años, los cuales tenían diagnóstico de clase III de Angle y mordida cruzada posterior.- Los resultados mostraron que el 75% de los pacientes desplazaban la mandíbula hacia el lado de trabajo. El 66% de la muestra en masticación izquierda y el 75% en masticación derecha tenían desplazamiento condilar hacia el lado de no trabajo. No se encontró relación entre el desplazamiento del cóndilo con la situación de la mordida cruzada ni con la severidad de la misma

SERS Detection of Amyloid Oligomers on Metallorganic-Decorated Plasmonic Beads

Protein misfolded proteins are among the most toxic endogenous species of macromolecules. These chemical entities are responsible for neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, Creutzfeldt–Jakob’s and different non-neurophatic amyloidosis. Notably, these oligomers show a combination of marked heterogeneity and low abundance in body fluids, which have prevented a reliable detection by immunological methods so far. Herein we exploit the selectivity of proteins to react with metallic ions and the sensitivity of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) toward small electronic changes in coordination compounds to design and engineer a reliable optical sensor for protein misfolded oligomers. Our strategy relies on the functionalization of Au nanoparticle-decorated polystyrene beads with an effective metallorganic Raman chemoreceptor, composed by Al³⁺ ions coordinated to 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA) with high Raman cross-section, that selectively binds aberrant protein oligomers. The mechanical deformations of the MBA phenyl ring upon complexation with the oligomeric species are registered in its SERS spectrum and can be quantitatively correlated with the concentration of the target biomolecule. The SERS platform used here appears promising for future implementation of diagnostic tools of aberrant species associated with protein deposition diseases, including those with a strong social and economic impact, such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases