Investigation of Radiation Effects on Titanate Fluorite Structure Derivatives

材料面对高辐射环境反应如何是其能否作为核应用材料（如废物固化体、结构材料和惰性基质燃料）的重要依据。钛酸盐萤石结构衍生物（Ln2Ti2O7和Ln2TiO5）因其优异的物理化学性能，可作为高放射性核废物和锕系元素（钚）的重要候选材料之一。过去几十年，已有大量研究聚焦于该种材料的抗辐照性能研究，发现钛酸盐陶瓷材料经辐照后极易非晶，并且给出了临界非晶温度和总结了各种非晶转变机制。在本文研究中，除了非晶化现象外，我们还观察到了一个普遍现象：多晶转变，即钛酸盐萤石衍生物从原始的有序结构转变成无序的立方萤石相结构。 本论文系统地研究了钛酸盐萤石结构衍生物Ln2Ti2O7和Ln2TiO5在离子辐照下的结构...The response of a material to high radiation field is important when selecting materials for nuclear applications, such as nuclear waste form, structural materials and inert matrix fuels. Titanate fluorite structure derivatives (Ln2Ti2O7 and Ln2TiO5) can act as one of the important candidates for HLW and dismantled plutonium due to their excellent physical and chemical durability. During the past ...学位：工学博士院系专业：能源学院_核工程与材料学号：3242013015402

Lu2Ti2O7和Lu2TiO5陶瓷材料的Kr离子辐照损伤研究

钛酸盐因其优异的物理化学性能,可作为高放射性核废物（HLW）和锕系元素（钚）的重要候选固化材料之一。采用传统的陶瓷烧结工艺制备了多晶的Lu2Ti2O7和Lu2TiO5陶瓷材料。在室温下,用800 keV Kr2+对两种材料进行辐照,辐照后的样品采用GIXRD进行表征,观察到两种样品都经历了先肿胀、然后再发生非晶相变的过程。不同的是Lu2Ti2O7的晶格肿胀程度大于Lu2TiO5。另外,Lu2TiO5样品的辐照到2×1014ions/cm2时非晶含量达95.54%,而Lu2Ti2O7样品在此剂量下非晶含量只有74.66%。通过第一性原理计算了Lu2Ti2O7晶体的晶格肿胀随反位浓度的变化关系,结果表明,Lu2Ti2O7出现非晶前的晶格肿胀主要由阳离子反位导致,而Lu2TiO5是无序的萤石结构,其辐照所导致的晶格肿胀不含阳离子反位的贡献,晶格肿胀程度较低

3D-printed integrative probeheads for magnetic resonance

射频探头前端作为核磁共振设备的核心部件之一，极大程度的决定着系统实验性能的优劣。探头前端通常由射频线圈、射频电路及样品检测管道等部分组成。现有的射频线圈制作技术主要是通过手工或机械手段按照所需的线圈形状进行绕制。但是，当线圈结构较为复杂、不规则，或体积尺寸较小时，常规绕制方法便难以满足结构设计和制造的精度需求，因此造成线圈性能的劣化，增大检测区域的射频场不均匀性，对核磁共振检测产生负面影响。本研究中，利用3D打印熔融沉积制造或光敏树脂选择性固化技术精确加工出一体化磁共振探头前端，使用常温液态金属填充线圈模型管路形成射频线圈，搭建出稳定的一体化磁共振射频探头。利用高精度3D打印和液态金属灌注技术制备出包含有射频线圈和定制化样品管道结构在内的一体化磁共振射频探头前端，克服了传统磁共振三维微型线圈成型困难、与样品腔匹配程度差等问题，提高了探头的信噪比，为定制化的磁共振检测提供了新思路。 该工作由厦门大学电子科学与技术学院陈忠教授、游学秋副研究员和孙惠军高级工程师共同指导完成，博士研究生谢君尧为论文第一作者。厦门大学电子科学与技术学院黄玉清高级工程师、王忻昌副教授、倪祖荣助理教授、硕士研究生张德超，化学化工学院杨朝勇教授、博士研究生李星锐，萨本栋微米纳米科学技术研究院陈宏教授为合作作者。【Abstract】Magnetic resonance (MR) technology has been widely employed in scientific research, clinical diagnosis and geological survey. However, the fabrication of MR radio frequency probeheads still face difficulties in integration, customization and miniaturization. Here, we utilized 3D printing and liquid metal filling techniques to fabricate integrative radio frequency probeheads for MR experiments. The 3D-printed probehead with micrometer precision generally consists of liquid metal coils, customized sample chambers and radio frequency circuit interfaces. We screened different 3D printing materials and optimized the liquid metals by incorporating metal microparticles. The 3D-printed probeheads are capable of performing both routine and nonconventional MR experiments, including in situ electrochemical analysis, in situ reaction monitoring with continues-flow paramagnetic particles and ions separation, and small-sample MR imaging. Due to the flexibility and accuracy of 3D printing techniques, we can accurately obtain complicated coil geometries at the micrometer scale, shortening the fabrication timescale and extending the application scenarios.The work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants U1632274, 11761141010, U1805261, 11475142, 22073078, and 61801411), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M622075).研究工作得到国家自然科学基金、中国博士后科学基金等项目支持

正交结构GdTiO陶瓷材料的轻重离子辐照效应比较

钛酸盐LnTiO因其优异的物理化学性能,可作为高放射性核废物（HLW）和锕系元素（钚）的重要候选固化材料之一.采用传统的陶瓷烧结工艺制备多晶正交结构GdTiO陶瓷材料.样品经抛光后,在室温下用400keV He+和800keV Kr2+辐照.辐照后,样品结构变化利用掠入式X射线衍射（GIXRD）表征.结果发现:采用重离子Kr2+辐照时,样品GdTiO发生非晶化转变现象,从结晶相转变为非晶相;而采用轻离子He+辐照时,在辐照剂量为1.0×1016 cm-2时,辐照样品几乎完全从正交结构转变为立方结构,另外,当He+辐照剂量为5.0×1016 cm-2,GdTiO仍没有发生非晶化转变现象,但完全从正交结构转变成立方结构,同时,样品晶格体积收缩约3.0%.样品在高剂量He+辐照下没有发生非晶化转变现象可归因于400keV He+辐照引起的强电子能损抑制了GdTiO的非晶化转变过程.国家自然科学基金青年基金(11205128)

轻、重离子辐照烧绿石Lu2Ti2O7导致的非晶结构变化

采用标准固相反应烧结法制备烧绿石结构的Lu2Ti2O7.在室温下,用800keV Kr2+和200keV He+进行辐照.辐照后的样品采用掠入式X射线衍射（GIXRD）表征.结果表明:用800keV Kr2+辐照样品时,辐照剂量达到2×1014cm-2（相应dpa（displacement per atom）为0.4）时,样品出现非晶化转变,并且随着辐照剂量的增加,非晶化转变量不断增加,增加至一定值后不再变化,未出现完全的非晶化转变;用200keV He+进行辐照时,即使辐照剂量增加至2×1017cm-2（dpa为1.25）,样品也没有出现非晶化转变.通过分子动力学模拟对结果进行分析后发现:重离子辐照时,样品在较小范围内产生较多的缺陷,且电子能损较低,样品温度增幅较小,缺陷复合率低,易导致非晶化转变;而轻离子辐照时结果相反.国家自然科学基金(11205128,11227804);;福建省自然科学基金(2017J01007

JUNO Sensitivity on Proton Decay p→νˉK+p\to \bar\nu K^+ Searches

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this paper, the potential on searching for proton decay in $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated.The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits to suppress the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar\nu K^+$ is 36.9% with a background level of 0.2 events after 10 years of data taking. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel

JUNO sensitivity on proton decay p → ν K + searches*

The Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory (JUNO) is a large liquid scintillator detector designed to explore many topics in fundamental physics. In this study, the potential of searching for proton decay in the $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ mode with JUNO is investigated. The kaon and its decay particles feature a clear three-fold coincidence signature that results in a high efficiency for identification. Moreover, the excellent energy resolution of JUNO permits suppression of the sizable background caused by other delayed signals. Based on these advantages, the detection efficiency for the proton decay via $p\to \bar{\nu} K^+$ is 36.9% ± 4.9% with a background level of $0.2\pm 0.05({\rm syst})\pm$$0.2({\rm stat})$ events after 10 years of data collection. The estimated sensitivity based on 200 kton-years of exposure is $9.6 \times 10^{33}$ years, which is competitive with the current best limits on the proton lifetime in this channel and complements the use of different detection technologies