Translating Subtitles of American Films into Chinese: An Intertextual Analysis Approach

当今中国，中外文化交流日益频繁，译制片的观众日趋壮大，电影翻译因而成为翻译园地中愈来愈重要的领域，但翻译界对电影翻译的重视却远不如文学翻译，这与其社会作用极不相称。字幕翻译是广为接受的一种电影翻译形式。它与文学翻译的不同之处在于受到时空的限制。“时”指的是与画面同步，“空”指的是字数的限制。 本文包含“引言”、“结语”和其他五个章节。 “引言”简要介绍了本文中所涉及的主要问题：互文性，电影翻译和电影中的互文性。 第一章——“互文性：综述”——概述了互文性概念的形成和发展历程，并提出了一个互文分析的框架。本章旨在建立互文性与电影翻译的宏观联系。 第二章——“电影翻译”——...Synopsis This thesis consists of five chapters plus an “introduction” and a “conclusion”. In the “Introduction”, an overview is given to the major concerns of this thesis, i.e. intertextuality in general, film translation and intertextuality in films. Chapter One, “Intertextuality in General”, provides a literature review examining its development, and a framework for its analysis. This...学位：文学硕士院系专业：外文学院外文系_英语语言文学学号：20010400

Study on extraction technology of volatile oil from cortex phellodendri by supercritical carbon dioxide

使用超临界二氧化碳技术对经过超声-微波处理过的黄柏中的挥发油进行萃取,并对萃取工艺进行响应面优化。在单因素预实验的基础上,以萃取压力、萃取温度、萃取时间为响应因素,黄柏挥发油的萃取量为响应值,根据中心组合(bOX-bEHnkEn)实验设计原理,采用三因素三水平的响应面分析法,确定各工艺条件对萃取量的影响,并用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对萃取前、未超声-微波处理超临界萃取后及超声-微波处理超临界萃取后的黄柏进行比较观察,对萃取效果进行了微观解释。结果表明,经过超声-微波处理过的黄柏中的挥发油超临界二氧化碳萃取最佳工艺条件为:萃取压力为34MPA,萃取温度为41℃,萃取时间为66MIn,萃取率达6.03%。The supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of volatile oil from processed cortex phellodendri was optimized by response surface methodology(RSM).According to the principle of Box-Behnken central composite design,extraction pressure,extraction temperature,extraction time were chosen as response factors,extraction mass was chosen as response value,and a three-factor and three level central composite design was adopted to determine the influence of various technological conditions.Using SEM observed the cortex phellodendri before and after extraction,and explained the extraction effects from microcosmic aspect.The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows:extraction pressure 34MPa,extraction temperature 41℃,extraction time 66min,extraction yield was 6.03%.湖南省科技厅重大专项(2008FJ1007);2010年吉首大学大学生研究性学习与创新性实验计划项目(JSU-CX-2010-49

重组人血管内皮生长抑制因子对人肺腺癌裸鼠移植瘤的放射效应影响

目的:探讨重组人血管内皮抑制因子(recombinant human vascular endothelial growth inhiloitor-192,rhVEGI-192)对人肺腺癌裸鼠移植瘤的放射增敏作用。方法:采用原核表达rhVEGI-192,获得目的蛋白。通过肿瘤倍增时间,计算药物的增敏系数。通过建立人肺腺癌裸鼠移植瘤模型,荷瘤裸鼠随机分为4组:对照组、10Gy、rhVEGI-192、rhVEGI-192+10Gy。采用6MV-X线进行照射,照射剂量为10Gy。获得移植瘤标本,利用免疫印迹法检测移植瘤中VEGF(vascular endothelial growth factor)的表达变化。结果:SDS电泳结果显示,目的蛋白位于22k D左右。10Gy照射时,重组人血管内皮抑制因子的EF(enhancement factor)值为1.5。和空白对照组相比,rhVEGI-192组和10Gy组移植瘤的生长受到抑制(P<0.001),rhVEGI-192+10Gy组移植瘤生长显著抑制(P<0.001),rhVEGI-192+10Gy组移植瘤较10Gy组有明显生长抑制。和空白组相比,rhVEGI-192组VEGF表达减少,而10Gy组VEGF表达变化不明显,rhVEGI-192+10Gy组VEGF表达明显减少。rhVEGI-192+10Gy和rhVEGI-192组相比,VEGF表达减少。结论:rhVEGI-192联合照射能够减少VEGF的表达。这可能是rhVEGI-192的增敏机制之一。中国人民解放军南京军区医学科技创新项目(编号:No.12MA061

LSNCCP:A Clustering Algorithm Based on the Largest Set of Not-Covered Core Points

聚类在数据挖掘、模式识别等许多领域有着重要的应用 提出了一种新颖的聚类算法 :一种基于最大不相含核心点集的聚类算法LSNCCP(aclusteringalgorithmbasedonthelargestsetofnot coveredcorepoints) 在密度定义的基础上 ,考察核心点之间的距离关系 ,定义相含、相交、相离这 3种核心点之间的关系 ,最后找出一个最大不相含核心点集 ,在此基础上进行聚类 ,并且找到解决丢失点问题的快速方法 该最大不相含核心点集只是全部核心点集合的一个很小的子集 ,因此有效地缩减了同类算法中搜寻核心点的时间 理论和实验上证明了这种算法的可行性和优越性Clustering is an important application area for many fields including data mining, pattern recognition, etc. In this paper, a novel clustering algorithm LSNCCP(a clustering algorithm based on the largest set of not-covered core points) is proposed. On the basis of the definition of density, the distance between the core points is discussed. And then, the three essential distance relation: covered core points, intersectant core points, and separate core points. Finally, the largest set of not-covered core points is found and based on the set the data can cluster very well. Because the largest set of not-covered core points is a lesser subset of the all core points, the new algorithm cuts short the time of searching all core points in the similar algorithms. The feasibility and the advantage or the new algorithm are proved in theory and experiment.福建省自然科学基金项目 (A0 3 10 0 0 8) ;; 福建省高新技术研究开放计划重点项目 (2 0 0 3H0 43

Inhibitory effect of anti-human NRP-1 monoclonal antibody on hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 and its mechanism in vitro

目的研究抗人神经纤毛蛋白-1(Neuropilin1,NRP-1)单克隆抗体对肝癌Hep G2细胞的生长抑制作用及其机制。方法小鼠腹水法制备抗NRP-1单克隆抗体(NRP-1 m Ab)并用r Protein A亲和柱纯化抗体,间接ELISA检测抗体的滴度水平。Western blot检测NRP-1 m Ab对Hep G2细胞的特异性,细胞免疫荧光和流式细胞术检测NRP-1蛋白在肝癌细胞株Hep G2上的表达,MTT法检测NRP-1 m Ab对Hep G2的生长抑制作用,Western blot检测ERK1/2、P-ERK1/2、Akt、P-Akt蛋白的表达水平。结果 SDS-PAGE和间接ELISA检测纯化的NRP-1 m Ab纯度为95%以上,效价为1×10~(-6);Western blot检测结果显示NRP-1 m Ab可与Hep G2细胞膜上的NRP-1蛋白特异性结合。细胞免疫荧光染色结果显示NRP-1定位于Hep G2细胞膜,流式细胞术结果显示NRP-1蛋白在Hep G2细胞上表达水平较高;MTT法检测结果显示NRP-1 m Ab对Hep G2细胞有生长抑制作用。Western blot检测到在不同浓度NRP-1 m Ab作用下,Hep G2细胞裂解液P-ERK1/2、P-Akt蛋白的条带信号逐渐减弱。结论纯化的NRP-1m Ab能抑制Hep G2细胞的生长,其抑制作用是通过EGF和HGF信号通路实现的。The aim of the experimental is to investigate the inhibitory effect of anti-human nerve cilia protein1(Neuropilin-1,NRP-1) monoclonal antibody(NRP-1 mAb) on hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 and its mechanism in vitro.Anti-human NRP-1 monoclonal antibody(NRP-1 mAb) was prepared from mouse ascites and purified by rProteinA affinity column assay.The titer of antibody was determined using indirect ELISA assay;the characteristic of NRP-1 mAb binding to NRP-1 was determined using Western blotting;the expression of NRP-1protein in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 was determined using immunofluorescence assay and flow cytometry assay.Growth inhibition of HepG2 cells treated with different concentrations of NRP-1 mAb was determined using MTT assay,while Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of ERK1/2,P-ERK1/2,Akt and P-Akt proteins.The results of SDS-PAGE and indirect ELISA showed that the purity of purified NRP-1mAb was more than 95%and the titer was 1×10~(-6).Western blotting analysis suggested that NRP-1 mAb could bind specifically to NRP-1 on HepG2 cell;immunofluorescence staining showed that NRP-1 was located in the membrane of HepG2 cells.Flow cytometry analysis showed that the expression level of NRP-1 on HepG2 cell was relatively high.Western blotting analysis suggested that P-ERK1/2 and P-Akt expression levels were down-regulated after having incubated HepG2 cells with different concentrations of NRP-1 mAb.In conclusion,NRP-1 mAb could inhibit the growth of HepG2 cells(P<0.05),and its inhibitory effect is achieved by reducing the P-ERK1/2 and P-Akt expression.南京军区医学科技创新项目(12MA061,15MS104

一个基于格的环签名方案的改进

针对Wang等提出的基于格中困难问题的环签名方案不满足不可伪造性的问题,提出了一种改进的环签名方案.该方案在随机谕言模型下满足全密钥暴露下的匿名性和内部攻击下的不可伪造性.而且使用一种强陷门生成算法,保证了新的签名方案简单、高效且容易实施.国家自然科学基金(11261060

SARS-CoV N蛋白与人冠状病毒HCoV-OC43和HCoV-229E的交叉反应表位及特异表位的确定

为确定SARS-CoV N蛋白的特异抗原表位,对3种人冠状病毒SARS-CoV、HCoV-OC43和HCoV-229E N蛋白之间的交叉免疫反应进行了系统研究。构建了分别表达SARS-CoV、HCoV-OC43和HCoV-229E N蛋白的重组痘苗病毒,并制备了相应的小鼠免疫血清。用间接免疫荧光方法,检测了3种N蛋白的表达及其与3种冠状病毒免疫动物血清和SARS病人恢复期血清之间的反应。与此同时,用Western blot方法分析了原核表达的39个不同区段的SARS-CoV N蛋白与3种冠状病毒动物免疫血清和SARS病人恢复期血清之间的交叉反应性。免疫荧光检测结果表明,SARS-CoV、HCoV-OC43和HCoV-229E3种病毒的N蛋白在重组痘苗病毒感染的HeLa细胞中均可以特异表达;3种N蛋白之间存在明显交叉免疫反应。Western blot结果显示,SARS-CoV N蛋白的表位主要位于30~60aa、170~184aa、301~320aa和360~422aa;与HCoV-OC43的交叉反应表位主要位于30~60aa、90~120aa、204~214aa和320~360aa;与HCoV-229E的交叉反应表位主要位于30~60aa、150~160aa和301~360aa。含SARS-CoV N蛋白特异表位的重组肽N155b(60~214aa)和N185(30~214aa)只与SARS病人恢复期血清和灭活SARS-CoV免疫小鼠的血清反应,而不与灭活HCoV-OC43和HCoV-229E免疫的山羊血清产生交叉反应。上述结果为使用SARS-CoV N蛋白抗原进行特异诊断试剂的研究,提供了重要的实验依据

Effects of Moxibustion on Gastric Stress Ulcer Rats' Apoptosis Protein Phosphorylation

目的:研究艾灸对应激性胃溃疡大鼠胃黏膜细胞凋亡蛋白质磷酸化的影响,探讨艾灸促进胃黏膜损伤修复的信号转导机制。方法:将大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、胃经穴组和对照点组,采用束缚冷应激法制作应激性胃溃疡大鼠模型,肉眼观察大鼠胃黏膜损伤程度,APOPTOSIS MICrOArrAy SlIdES芯片检测胃黏膜细胞凋亡蛋白质磷酸化水平。结果:与模型组比较,胃经穴组和对照点组大鼠胃黏膜损伤指数值均显著降低(P<0.05);与对照点组比较,胃经穴组大鼠胃黏膜损伤指数显著降低(P<0.05);APOPTOSIS MICrOArrAy SlIdES芯片检测结果显示:与模型组比较,胃经穴组大鼠胃黏膜细胞10种蛋白质磷酸化水平上调,其中bCl-Xl、MCl-1、bCl-2、IAPS 4种蛋白磷酸化水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05);18种蛋白质磷酸化水平下调,其中Tnf、fAS、APAf-1、CASPASE-3、CASPASE-9、bAX 6种蛋白质磷酸化水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:艾灸可促进胃黏膜的损伤修复,调节多种凋亡相关信号蛋白质的磷酸化水平,并且存在一定的经脉脏腑相关性。Objective: To study the effects of moxibustion on apoptosis protein phosphorylation in rats with gastric stress ulcer and to explore the signal transduction mechanisms promoting gastric mucosal injury and repairing moxibustion.Methods: The rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,stomach meridian group and the control point groups and each group had 10 rats.The stress ulcer rat model was established by using restraint cold stress method.We observed the rat gastric mucosa injury degree and Apoptosis Microarray Slides microarray was used to observe the gastric apoptosis protein phosphorylation levels.Results: Compared with the model group,the gastric mucosa injury index values of control point and meridian groups were significantly lower( P < 0.05).Compared with the control point group,a significant reduction in rat gastric mucosa injury index was in meridian group( P < 0.05).Apoptosis Microarray Slides microarray results showed that 10 kinds of protein phosphorylation levels increased,among which Bcl- XL,Mcl- 1,Bcl-2 and IAPs protein phosphorylation levels were statistically significant( P < 0.01,P < 0.05) and 18 kinds of protein phosphorylation levels decreased,among which TNF,Fas,Apaf- 1,Caspase- 3,Caspase- 9 and Bax protein phosphorylation levels were statistically significant( P < 0.01,P < 0.05).Conclusion: Moxibustion can promote gastric mucosal injury and repair and regulate phosphorylation of several proteins related to apoptotic signals and there is a certain correlation between the meridians organs.国家自然科学基金项目(30960484;81260556

用HPLC-MS-MS快速分析和鉴定三尖杉植物内生真菌发酵液中的Brefeldin A

采用HPLC -MS -MS联用技术 ,分析了C56和C65两株具有抗肿瘤活性的三尖杉植物内生真菌发酵液抽提物 ,首次报道了这两株真菌都能产生BrefeldinA(BFA)。采用ESI-MS总离子流跟踪分析HPLC的洗脱液 ,并用低能量的CID -MS -MS(碰撞诱导裂解方式 )进一步确定目标离子峰为BFA分子离子峰 ,这为植物内生真菌发酵液中的有效成分的早期鉴别奠定了基

高致病性禽流感病毒血凝素蛋白广谱中和表位模拟肽的筛选与鉴定

以H5N1型禽流感病毒HA蛋白广谱中和单抗8H5为基础,利用噬菌体展示肽库技术及类病毒颗粒融合表达技术研究HA模拟表位。ELISA检测结果显示:筛选获得模拟HA表位的模拟肽123,进行类病毒颗粒融合蛋白表达后,仍具有与8H5单抗特异结合的能力。免疫荧光检测结果说明,类病毒颗粒免疫小鼠后产生了能与HA交叉反应的抗体。禽流感病毒HA模拟表位的研究与性质的分析及类病毒颗粒融合蛋白的表达与活性分析、免疫原性分析,都为研制禽流感通用表位疫苗奠定了基础