Twin-block 矫治器矫治安氏Ⅱ类1 分类错牙合的临床研究

【目的】探讨 Twin-block 功能矫治器治疗安氏Ⅱ类 1 分类错牙合 所引起的牙、牙槽、颌骨以及软组织的改变。【方法】对16 例处于生长发育期且以下颌后缩为主的安氏Ⅱ类1 分类错牙合患者进行Twin-block 功能矫治, 并对其治疗前后软硬组织X 线头影测量值进行比较及统计学检验。【结果】治疗后, 下颌生长朝着有利 的方向发生改变, 覆盖、覆牙合分别减少8.13 mm 及4.27 mm, SNB、下颌平面角、Ar-Pog 及下面高分别增加 1.70°、3.47°、4.06 mm 及2.53 mm, 均具有显著性差异。此外, 上颌前牙冠有舌向转矩的趋势(P >0.05), 鼻唇角 有所增加, 上唇突度亦减小( P< 0.01) 。下切牙与下颌平面夹角有少许减小, 虽无显著性差异, 但对于评价治疗后的下前牙段的稳定性是有意义的。【结论】Twin-block 矫治器对安氏Ⅱ类1 分类具有矫形作用, 可以诱导下颌功能性前移, 抑制上颌生长, 同时使得上下颌牙及牙槽骨发生改变, 从而协调上下颌关系, 改善面型

Residues and Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Surface Sediments and Marine Organisms from Dapeng Bay,Shenzhen

为了研究深圳大鹏湾海域沉积物和生物体中多环芳烃的污染状况,2011年10月在大鹏湾采集表层沉积物及鱼类、虾类和贝类等生物样品,采用气相色谱-质谱法(gC-MS)分析了16种优先控制多环芳烃(PAHS)的含量.结果表明,大鹏湾海域表层沉积物和生物样品中PAHS总量范围分别为216.56~1 314.92 ng·g-1(干重,下同)和70.88~251.90 ng·g-1(湿重,下同);生物样品按平均含量计,鱼类最高(171.52 ng·g-1),贝类次之(134.75 ng·g-1),虾类最低(123.35 ng·g-1).与全球其他海域相比,大鹏湾海域表层沉积物和生物体PAHS污染处于中等水平.沉积物中PAHS的组成以4环为主,来源分析表明该海域PAHS污染主要来源于化石燃料燃烧源和石油污染源的共同输入.生物体中PAHS主要为2~3环PAHS,这与其生活习性和污染物的生物可利用性等因素有关.风险评价表明,大鹏湾表层沉积物中的PAHS在一定程度上可能会对该海域生物产生不利影响;生物样品PAHS的苯并(A)芘等效浓度值相对较高,长期食用这些水产品可能会有潜在的健康风险.In order to assess contamination by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons( PAHs),surface sediments and marine organism samples of fish,shrimp and shellfish were collected from the Dapeng Bay,Shenzhen in October 2011.Concentrations fof sixteen priority PAHs were determined by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry( GC-MS).The total concentrations of PAHs( Σ PAHs) ranged from 216.56 ng·g- 1to 1 314.92 ng·g- 1dry weight in sediment samples and from 70.88 ng·g- 1to 251.90 ng·g- 1wet weight in biological samples,respectively.The mean concentration was the highest in fish( 171.52 ng·g- 1),followed by mussel( 134.75 ng·g- 1) and shrimp( 123.35 ng·g- 1) in the studied marine organisms.Compared with those in other water bodies around the world,PAHs pollution in the studied area was at medium level.The dominant fraction in the surface sediments was the 4-ring PAHs.Identification of PAH sources suggested that PAHs in Dapeng Bay were likely originated from both pyrolytic and petrogenic sources.The most abundant PAHs were 3-ring PAHs in the tissues of organisms,which may be governed by their feeding behaviors,habitats,and bioavailability of PAHs.Ecological risk assessment indicated that PAHs in surface sediments might have adverse impacts on local ecosystem.Health risk analysis revealed that the potency equivalent concentrations of BaP to the total PAHs in marine organisms from Dapeng Bay were relatively high and may cause some concerns on human health by consumption.国家科技支撑计划重大项目(2009BADB7B02); 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(2012TS15;2012TS25

金属钒的制备方法综述

金属钒性能特殊,素有"工业味精之称",在冶金、化工、航空、能源、原子能等领域应用广泛。金属钒属于稀有高熔点活泼金属,其高纯金属制备困难,目前主流的制备方法为铝热还原钒氧化物制备粗钒与粗钒真空熔炼提纯的联合工艺,该法能耗高、钒收率低。基于钒氧化物和钒氯化物的热力学性质,研究者还提出了诸多含钒前驱体还原制备粗钒及粗钒精炼制备高纯钒的方法,具体包括钙热还原、镁热还原、真空碳热还原、硅热还原、碳热还原-氮化热分解、熔盐电解脱氧等粗钒制备方法,及熔盐电解精炼、碘化物热分解、固态电迁移等粗钒精炼方法。本工作对上述粗钒制备及粗钒精炼涉及的十余种方法开展了较全面的综述,论述了这些方法的基本原理、技术特点、效果及问题等,以期为高纯金属钒的新制备技术研发和技术升级提供全面的参考依据

MicroRNA-200c在结直肠癌中的表达及对侵袭和转移的影响

： 【目的】探讨microRNA-200c（miR-200c）在结直肠癌中的表达及其对SW620肠癌细胞株侵袭和转移 能力的影响。【方法】采用实时荧光定量PCR检测45例结直肠癌组织和配对邻近正常肠粘膜组织中miR-200c的 表达水平；利用脂质体将miR-200c模拟物瞬时转染SW620细胞株，通过Western blot检测上皮间质转化相关蛋白 E-cadherin 和Vimentin 的表达；CCK-8试剂盒和Transwell 小室装置检测上调miR-200c的表达对SW620细胞增 殖、侵袭和迁移能力的影响。【结果】miR-200c在伴有淋巴结转移的结直肠癌组织中的表达明显下调。体外细胞 实验显示，SW620细胞株在转染miR-200c模拟物后，ZEB1蛋白表达受抑制，上皮表型标志物E-cadherin表达升 高，而间质表型标志物 Vimentin 表达下降；上调 miR-200c 表达可抑制 SW620 细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移。【结论】 miR-200c低表达与结直肠癌侵袭和转移相关，其机制可能是通过调控上皮间质转化过程实现的

新疆人口地域系统理论与方法体系研究

新疆人口地域系统的理论和方法体系研究是横向和纵向两方面项目资助完成的综合性研究,一方面是和新疆有关厅局委、地州等合作的横向项目,具体包括：受新疆人口和计划生育委员会委托完成的“新疆人口发展战略研究”、“新疆人口发展功能区研究”,自治区建设厅委托的“新疆小城镇发展战略研究”;自治区发改委委托的“小城镇经济发展战略研究”子专题“小城镇人口预测及其承载力研究”以及地州、县级、乡等城镇体系规划、村镇体系规划、新农村建设规划等都涉及到区域人口发展的项目。另一方面是纵向的中国科学院知识创新工程重点项目专题“城市化空间形态的资源环境效应研究”、中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养计划项目“天山北坡绿洲城镇化进程中..

Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: In most western industrialised countries, second generation (atypical) antipsychotics are recommended as first line drug treatments for people with schizophrenia. In this review we specifically examine how the efficacy and tolerability of one such agent - aripiprazole - differs from that of other comparable second generation antipsychotics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of aripiprazole compared with other atypical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (November 2011), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials, and contacted relevant pharmaceutical companies, drug approval agencies and authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing aripiprazole (oral) with oral and parenteral forms of amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone or zotepine for people with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data independently. For dichotomous data we calculated risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on an intention-to-treat basis based on a random-effects model. Where possible, we calculated illustrative comparative risks for primary outcomes. For continuous data, we calculated mean differences (MD), again based on a random-effects model. We assessed risk of bias for each included study. MAIN RESULTS: We included 12 trials involving 6389 patients. Aripiprazole was compared to olanzapine, risperidone and ziprasidone. All trials were sponsored by an interested drug manufacturer. The overall number of participants leaving studies early was 30% to 40%, limiting validity (no differences between groups).When compared with olanzapine no differences were apparent for global state (no clinically important change: n = 703, 1 RCT, RR short-term 1.00 95% CI 0.81 to 1.22; n = 317, 1 RCT, RR medium-term 1.08 95% CI 0.95 to 1.22) but mental state tended to favour olanzapine (n = 1360, 3 RCTs, MD total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) 4.68 95% CI 2.21 to 7.16). There was no significant difference in extrapyramidal symptoms (n = 529, 2 RCTs, RR 0.99 95% CI 0.62 to 1.59) but fewer in the aripiprazole group had increased cholesterol levels (n = 223, 1 RCT, RR 0.32 95% CI 0.19 to 0.54) or weight gain of 7% or more of total body weight (n = 1095, 3 RCTs, RR 0.39 95% CI 0.28 to 0.54).When compared with risperidone, aripiprazole showed no advantage in terms of global state (n = 384, 2 RCTs, RR no important improvement 1.14 95% CI 0.81 to 1.60) or mental state (n = 372, 2 RCTs, MD total PANSS 1.50 95% CI -2.96 to 5.96).One study compared aripiprazole with ziprasidone (n = 247) and both the groups reported similar change in the global state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD average change in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score -0.03 95% CI -0.28 to 0.22) and mental state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD change PANSS -3.00 95% CI -7.29 to 1.29).When compared with any one of several new generation antipsychotic drugs the aripiprazole group showed improvement in global state in energy (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.69 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84), mood (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.77 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), negative symptoms (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.82 95% CI 0.68 to 0.99), somnolence (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.80 95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) and weight gain (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.84 95% CI 0.76 to 0.94). Significantly more people given aripiprazole reported symptoms of nausea (n = 2881, 3 RCTs, RR 3.13 95% CI 2.12 to 4.61) but weight gain (7% or more of total body weight) was less common in people allocated aripiprazole (n = 330, 1 RCT, RR 0.35 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64). Aripiprazole may have value in aggression but data are limited. This will be the focus of another review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Information on all comparisons are of limited quality, are incomplete and problematic to apply clinically. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug with a variant but not absent adverse effect profile. Long-term data are sparse and there is considerable scope for another update of this review as new data emerges from the many Chinese studies as well as from ongoing larger, independent pragmatic trials