Najmučnije putovanje u neizvesnost

In five books, "We Survived: Yugoslav Jews on the Holocaust" (three of them translated into English), the testimonies of a small number of surviving members of the Jewish community about World War II were collected. The peculiarity of the circumstances in which the entire population of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was found is reflected in the fact that at the beginning of the war, the country was occupied by five invaders: Germany, Italy, Bulgaria, Hungary, Albania and the fascist satellite formation, the so-called. The Independent State of Croatia. These circumstances also led to different ways of surviving and rescuing Jews from these areas. The Jewish Historical Museum of the Federation of Jewish Communities of Yugoslavia / Serbia published these books with help of donations and volunteer work of the editorial board in which seven of nine members survived the Holocaust. These books are an extraordinary collection of tragic and dramatic experiences about unique choices - the struggle for life, dignity, and freedom in partisans; about concentration camps, about refugee life under constant threat, about help and friendships. They are also a good basis for exploring the Holocaust and the history of Jews from the former Yugoslavia. Each testimony is enriched with a series of photographs and together with the text, they make unique documentation material. As the suffering of Jews on the territory of the former Yugoslavia is poorly known to the general public, these books have the task of filling that space. They thus become a memorial for all the victims whose many names are found only in memory. One of those memories is "The most harrowing journey into uncertainity" by Žuža Marinković

Čitanje u kontekstu (na primjerima romana Mira Gavrana)

Brojnim prijevodima na čitav niz jezika diljem svijeta i izvođenjem predstava na svim kontinentima (gotovo svim!), Miro Gavran naš je najprevođeniji, najizvođeniji i najčitaniji književnik. Nazivaju ga „književnim i čitalačkim fenomenom“, te najpopularnijim hrvatskim piscem u svijetu. Gavran je profesionalni pisac, odnosno onaj „koji od pisanja može živjeti“. U ovom diplomskom radu bavit ću se analizom i interpretacijom Gavranovih romana "Jedini svjedok ljepote" i "Kafkin prijatelj". Naglasak će prvenstveno biti na mojem tumačenju ovih romana, s posebnim osvrtom na „međusobnu“ komunikaciju tih dvaju tekstova. Krenut će se od pretpostavke da ne postoji jedno jedino (objektivno i ispravno) čitanje književnog teksta. Recepcija koja uključuje i tumačenje i ocjenu teksta rezultat je brojnih čimbenika: lektirnog obrazovanja recipijenta, njegovog čitateljskog iskustva pa čak i trenutnograspoloženja. Na tom tragu posebno su zanimljivi tekstovi kod kojih primjećujemo preseljenje tematskih sklopova iz jedne u drugu knjigu.Roman Kafkin prijatelj Mire Gavrana objavljen je 2011. godine, dakle dvije godine nakon autorova romana Jedini svjedok ljepote u kojem se središnja priča razrješava upravo slučajem Kafka. Stoga, spomenuta dva romana mogu se čitati i kao jedna narativna cjelina. Osnovna interpretativna nit – kojom će se usmjeravati moje tumačenje – tiče se mogućih, dvaju, drukčijih čitateljskih doživljaja. Prvi je rezulat odvojenog čitanja, a drugi vezanog čitanja (čitanje u kontekstu). Na opisanoj razlici pojasnit ću uvodnu tezu o nemogućnosti samo jednog čitanja. Za potrebe ovog rada i propitivanja komunikacije između spomenutih romana, odlučila sam provesti anketu. U nju sam uključila čitatelje različite dobi i spola, različitih zanimanja, odnosno vrsta obrazovanja, različitog čitalačkog iskustva i lektirnog obrazovanja; one koji čitaju više, i oni koji čitaju manje; one koji su pročitali oba spomenuta romana, one koji su pročitali samo jedan, ali i one koji su pročitali jedan, ali na moj poticaj. Cilj ovog rada nikako nije ponuditi neko ispravno tumačenje, već je cilj jedan sasvim osobni doživljaj dvaju romana propitati i u malo širem kontekstu pomoću ankete

Lokalna anestezija u stomatološkoj praksi

U radu se opisuje historijski razvitak anestezije u stomatološkoj praksi, kao i teorije djelovanja, farmakološka svojstva te nuspojave različitih lokalnih anestetika koji se najčešće primjenjuju

Surveying service at buliding mobile base stations

In this research we present surveying procedures which we have to do if we want to place the buildings of the mobile base station and to entry them into official records. In the first part we represent procedures which are equal for both, mobile base stations and also for other similar buildings of the public infrastructure. These are procedures of getting the ownership or getting the right to use the parcel on which the buildings of public infrastructure are build. These procedures also include getting the building permit, setting out the buildings, making surveying plans, getting operating permit and to evident the buildings into land cadastre and into cadastre of public infrastructure. We have also included the law backgrounds which are important for making those procedures. In second part of our research we present the practical procedures of building the mobile base station Voklo. First we show the procedures of getting the data about parcels, their owners and making easement contracts. Further on we introduced procedures and samples of surveying plans, report of setting out, the procedures of modifications and report of entrying the base station Voklo into official records

Development of immobilized systems with penicillin acylase from Esherichia coli for production of semisyntetic penicillins

Osnovni cilj ove doktorske disertacije je bio optimizacija postupka dobijanja 6- aminopenicilanske kiseline primenom imobilisane penicilin-acilaze iz E. coli. Pri tome je razmatrana reakcija hidrolize prirodnog penicilina G do 6-APA katalizovane slobodnom i imobilisanom penicilin-acilazom. Da bi se realizovao postavljeni cilj bilo je potrebno izvršiti izbor nosača i metode za imobilizaciju enzima, optimizovati postupak imobilizacije enzima sa aspekta mase vezanog enzima i prinosa aktivnosti, okarakterisati dobijeni biokatalizator i ispitati razlike u kinetičkim parametrima slobodne i imobilisane penicilin-acilaze, izabrati odgovarajuće reaktorsko rešenje za izvođenje reakcije sa imobilisanim enzimima i ispitati operativnu stabilnost sistema. U prvom delu rada je izvršena karakterizacija slobodne penicilin-acilaze iz Escherichia coli i ispitana su njena katalitička svojstva u reakciji hidrolize penicilina G kao referentnom sistemu. Ova karakterizacija je bila neophodna da bi se utvrdile razlike u delovanju slobodnog i imobilisanog enzima. U tom cilju utvrđen je sadržaj proteina u komercijalnom enzimskom preparatu, specifična aktivnost, pH i temperaturni profil, termalna stabilnost, kao i vrednosti kinetičkih konstanti, i to Mihaelisove konstante i maksimalne brzine reakcije. Isto tako, ispitan je uticaj inhibicije supstratom u višku i proizvodima reakcije na brzinu reakcije u sistemu sa slobodnim enzimom i u tom cilju je određena vrsta inhibicije i vrednosti konstanti inhibicije. U drugom delu rada osnovni cilj istraživanja je bio usmeren na stabilizaciju enzima različitim postupcima. Pri tome je ispitano nekoliko postupaka hemijske imobilizacije enzima na različitim prirodnim i sintetskim polimerima (Sepabeads sa različitim funkcionalnim grupama i hitozan), kao i postupak imobilizacije prethodno hemijski modifikovanog enzima. U radu je ispitana mogućnost direktnog vezivanja penicilin-acilaze preko amino grupa u molekulu za epoksidne grupe nosača, zatim vezivanje enzima za nosač koji je prethodno aktiviran glutaraldehidom ili vezivanje prethodno modifikovanog enzima za nosače sa amino grupama...The aim of this work was the optimization of 6-aminopenicillanic acid obtaining procedure by using immobilized penicillin acylase from E. coli. The reaction of penicillin G hydrolysis to 6-APA catalyzed by free and immobilized penicillin acylase was considered. In order to realize the set aim, it was necessary to make a choice of carriers and methods for immobilization of the enzyme, to optimize enzyme immobilization procedure in terms of enzyme loading and activity yield. Also, the obtained biocatalysts were characterized and the differences in kinetic parameters of free and immobilized penicillin acylase were examined. An appropriate reactor solution for performing the reaction with the immobilized enzyme and the operational stability of the system were examined. In the first part of the thesis free penicillin acylase (PAC) from Escherichia coli was characterized and its catalytic properties were studied in the reaction of hydrolysis of penicillin G as a reference system. This characterization was necessary in order to determine the differences in the activities of the free and immobilized enzyme. Therefore, the protein content in the commercial enzyme preparation, specific activity, pH and temperature profile, thermal stability and the values of kinetic constants (Michaelis constant and maximal reaction rate) were determined. Likewise, the inhibition of PAC activity by substrate and reaction products (6-aminopenicillanic acid and phenylacetic acid) in the system with free enzyme was studied and types of inhibition and inhibition constant values were determined In the second part of the thesis the research has been focused on stabilizing the enzyme by different procedures. In with this aim, several procedures of chemical immobilization of the enzyme on various natural and synthetic polymers (Sepabeads with different functional groups and chitosan), as well as immobilization of the previously chemically modified enzyme were studied. In addition, possibilities of direct binding of penicillin acylase by amino groups in the enzyme to the epoxy groups of the carriers, the binding of the enzyme to the carriers activated with glutaraldehyde, as well as binding of the previously modified enzyme to the carriers with amino groups were investigated..

Application of Overlapping Spheres Method for Low-energy Conformation Search to Coordination Compounds: Conformational Analysis of Copper(II) Complexes with 1 -[N-(tert-Butoxycarbonyl)amino]-2-hydroxymethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acids

The overlapping spheres (OS) method, based on minimization of the overlapping volume of the Central sphere and the van der Waals volumes of neighbouring atoms, was applied to copper(II) mono-and bis-complexes with 1 -[N-(tertbutoxycarbonyl)amino]-2-hydroxy-methylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, N-Boc-ACC-OH, in the quest for low-energy conformations. The Central sphere was situated in the geometrical centre of one kind of molecular fragments in the case of mono-complexes, and three kinds of molecular fragments in the case of bis-complexes; the radius of the sphere varied from 0.3 to 0.6 nm. Altogether 168 and 112 conformations of (SS)-and (SR)-isomers of mono-complex were obtained, respectively. The conformation with the lowest energy, obtained by the OS method, had the energy only 0.8 kJ mol-1 higher than the global minimum. By applying the OS method to bis-complexes of N-Boc-ACC-OH, a drop in the conformational energy up to 60 kJ mol-1 was achieved in one cycle of optimization

[Die Allergische uberempfidlichkeit der Mundschleimhaut auf Akrylat]

Monomer metil-metakrilat je uz akceleratore polimerizacije najčešći uzročnik alergijskog stomatitisa u bolesnika sa zubnim protezama. Senzibilizacija na akrilate je veoma rijetka, a najpouzdanije se može dokazati epikutanim testovima sa strugotinom proteze bolesnika. Testiranje tekućim monomerom nije pouzdan način dokazivanja alergijske preosjetljivosti, zbog mogućeg iritativnog djelovanja otopine, zbog mogućnosti da je senzibilizacija prouzročena akceleratorima polimerizacije ili pak novim akrilatnim spojevima otkrivenim u novije vrijeme. Također je dokazano, da nije neophodno testiranje na sluznici usne šupljine, jer je i epikutani test na podlaktici jednako pouzdan. Ako su rezultati testova sa strugotinom proteze negativni, potrebno je pronaći drugi razlog smetnjama na koje se bolesnik tuži, a koje su samo izuzetno alergijske patogeneze.Monomer methyl — metacrylate is along with the accelerators the most frequent cause of the allergic stomatitis in patients with total dentures. Sensibilisation to acrylates is not frequent. It can be reliably ascertained by means of the patch tests with the scraping of the patients denture. Testing with liquid monomer is not reliable, as the sensibilisation can be provoked by the accelerators of the polymerization, or by acrylic compounds discovered later. It has been proved that the testing need not necessarily be performed on the oral mucosa as the patch tests on the forearm are equally reliable. If the results with denture scrapings are negative, some other cause for the disturbances must be looked for, because the allergic pathogenesis is quite exceptional.Der Monomer Methyl-Metakrylat ist nebst der Beschleuniger der Polymerisation diie häufigste Ursache der allergischen Stomatitis bei Prothesenträgern. Die Sensibilisierung auf Akrylat ist sehr selten und kann mit epikutanen Testen mittels Prothesen-Feilung am sichersten nachgewiesen werden. Das Testieren mit Monomer-Flüssigkeit kann wegen der Reizwirkung der Flüssigkeit, wegen eventualler Sensibilisierung durch die Akzeleratoren, oder mit neuerfunden Akrylatverbindungen, nicht vorgenommen werden. Es ist ebenfals bewiesen, dass das Testieren an der Mundschleimhaut nicht unbedingt nötig ist, da der epikutane Test am Unterarm genügend verlässlich ist. Falls die Resultate der Teste mit Prothesenfeilung negativ sind, ist es nötig andere Ursachen für Beschwerden des Patienten, welche nur ausnahmsweise allergischer Natur sind, ausfindig zu machen