ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE H 2 O PLASMA TREATMENT OF POLYESTER CORD THREADS

Polyester cord threads, which are used as a reinforcing materials of rubber blend, have been treated in atmospheric-pressure H2O plasma in order to enhance their adhesion to rubber. The atmospheric-pressure H2O plasma was generated in an underwater diaphragm discharge. The plasma treatment resulted in approximately 100% improvement in the adhesion. Scanning electron microscopy investigation indicates that not only introduced surface polar groups but also increased surface area of the fibres due to a fibre surface roughening are responsible for the improved adhesive strength

Plasma treatment in textile industry

Plasma technology applied to textiles is a dry, environmentally- and worker-friendly method to achieve surface alteration without modifying the bulk properties of different materials. In particular, atmospheric non-thermal plasmas are suited because most textile materials are heat sensitive polymers and applicable in a continuous processes. In the last years plasma technology has become a very active, high growth research field, assuming a great importance among all available material surface modifications in textile industry. The main objective of this review is to provide a critical update on the current state of art relating plasma technologies applied to textile industryFernando Oliveira (SFRH/BD/65254/2009) acknowledges Fundacao para a Cioncia e Tecnologia, Portugal, for its doctoral grant financial support. Andrea Zille (C2011-UMINHO-2C2T-01) acknowledges funding from Programa Compromisso para a Cioncia 2008, Portugal

Analýza bilance organické hmoty v zemědělském podniku

This bachelor thesis is focused on the determination and analysis of organic matter balance in soil after crop´s harvest. An experiment was realized at conditions of agricultural enterprise Agrosystém spol. s r.o., Dolné Voderady, which is located at west of Slovakia, in the region of Piešťany. Evaluation of crop residues and grains (resp. beet roots) were gathered from winter wheat, spring barley, oil-seed rape, corn and sugarbeet. All the information was statistically assessed, compared with a special literature and dated into tables and graphs. Based on the results we found out, that average amount of organic matter is 5.38 t dry matter.ha-1. This amount is sufficient because at 1 hectar of soil is decomposed 3.5 - 4.5 t dry matter of organic matter annually. Among of grown crops, the biggest amount of crop residues is given by corn 7.557 t dry matter.ha-1. In next chapter of the results were calculated harvest indexes. Among of the grown crops, the highest harvest index was calculated at sugarbeet 0.808. Among of the grown cereals, the highest harvest index was calculated at spring barley 0.728

Analýza systému hospodárenia so zameraním na rastlinnú výrobu v podmienkach rodinnej farmy

Diploma thesis is focused on 3 main parts – SWOT analyse of company, calculation of organic matter nutrients balance and overall nutrients balance, and economic assessment of crops growing technologies. Grown crops are rapeseed, winter wheat, hard (durum) wheat, spring barley, corn, soybean and sugarbeet. Organic matter nutrient balance is based on values of crop residues, which were measured for bachelor thesis experiment. This balance is a part of overall nutrients balance of grown crops. In comparison of calculated real nutrient normative has been found that company uses too much nitrogen fertilizer especially for rapeseed fertilization and deficiently uses phosphoric fertilizer in major of its area. In the evaluation of growing technologies, the biggest gross margin was calculated for hard wheat grown in 2016/17, 555,15 €.ha-1. The lowest value of gross margin was calculated for rapeseed growing in 2016/17, - 226,27 €.ha-1. In total assessment of tracked growing years, the company was not in a loss. The biggest yield was calculated for growing year 2015/16, 129 082,40 €

The influence of surface DBD plasma treatment on the adhesion of coatings to high-tech textiles

The surface of high-performance poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fibers is difficult to wet and impossible to chemically bond to different matrices. Sizing applied on the fiber surface usually improves fiber wetting, but prevents good adhesion between a matrix and the fiber surface. The present study demonstrates that the plasma treatment performed by Surface dielectric barrier discharge (Surface DBD) can lead to improved adhesion between sized PET fabric and polyurethane (PU) or poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) coatings. Moreover, it points out that this plasma treatment can outperform current state-of-the-art adhesion-promoting treatment. Plasma treatment of sized fabric was carried out in various gaseous atmospheres, namely N2, N2 + H 2O, N2 + AAc (acrylic acid) and CO2. The adhesion was assessed by a peel test, while wettability was evaluated using strike-through time and wicking rate tests. Changes in fiber surface morphology and chemical composition were determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), respectively. Only the CO 2 plasma treatment resulted in improved adhesion. As indicated by the analyses, increased surface roughness and the incorporation of specific oxygen-containing groups were responsible for enhanced adhesion. The results presented were obtained using a plasma reactor suitable only for batch-wise treatment. As continuous treatment is expected to provide higher homogeneity and, therefore, even better adhesion, a scaled-up Surface DBD plasma system allowing continuous treatment is presented as well. © 2010 Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden