Efecto del almacenamiento y métodos de preparación de aceitunas de mesa sobre la composición y valor nutritivo de las aceitunas

Three types of table olives–green, kalamata and black- were prepared from Memecik variety olives, chemical composition and nutritive values were examined during the processing and storage. Data are provided for moisture, oil and its fatty acid composition, crude fiber and protein, total and reducing sugars, sodium chloride and ash, titratable acidity, pH value and some minerals in table olive flesh samples.The caloric values of three types of olives were calculated by using the content of protein, carbohydrates and oil. Results for three types of table olives obtained during processing and storage are discussed in detail.Tres tipos de aceitunas de mesa–verdes estilo español, negras naturales estilo kalamata y negras naturales – fueron preparadas a partir de aceitunas de la variedad Memecik y su composición química y valor nutritivo fue analizado durante su procesado y almacenamiento. Se determinaron: la humedad, la grasa y su composición en ácidos grasos, la fibra cruda y proteína, los azúcares totales y reductores, el cloruro sódico y la ceniza, la acidez, el pH y algunos minerales en muestras de pulpa de aceituna de mesa. El valor calórico de los tres tipos de aceitunas fueron calculados a partir del contenido en proteína, hidrato de carbono y grasa. Todos los resultados obtenidos durante el procesado y almacenamiento para los tres tipos de aceitunas de mesa son discutidos minuciosamente

Association Between Insulin Resistance, Nutrition, Fatty Meal Desire and CD36 Receptor

Global olarak beslenme gibi yaşam tarzındaki hızlı değişim ile birlikte insülin direnci ve diyabet prevalansı hızla artış göstermiş ve günümüzde Tip II diabetes mellitus (Tip II DM) epidemik bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Yaşam tarzı müdahalelerinden en önemlisi olan diyetin düzenlenmesi ise tip II DM'nin ortaya çıkmasının engellenmesinde, geciktirilmesinde, komplikasyonların oluşmasında ve önlenmesinde önemli bir role sahiptir. Son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda Tip II DM gelişimine neden olan patolojik faktörler arasında yer alan insülin aktivitesi ve insülin sekresyonunun diyabet nedenini belirlemek açısından tek başına yetersiz kaldığı ele alınmaktadır. Buna ek olarak diyabet etiyolojisinde multi-faktöriyel nedenlerin, insülinin yanı sıra farklı reseptörlerin yer aldığı ve bu durumu genetik çalışmaların desteklediği bilinmektedir. Bu reseptörlerden biri olan CD36 reseptörü ise, kardiyovasküler sağlık ve hastalıklar, kanser, diyabet, insülin direnci, tat alma duyusu ve besin seçiminde önemli rol oynamaktadır. Yapılan çalışmalarda yüksek kan CD36 düzeylerinin tip II DM patogenezinde yeni bir belirteç olarak katkı sağlayabileceği yer almaktadır. Ayrıca güncel veriler CD36 reseptörünün yağlı besin seçimi açısından farklı tat ve kokularda görev alabildiğini göstermektedir. Bu derlemede CD36 reseptörü ile insülin direnci ve diyette yağlı besin seçimi arasında ilişki incelenmiştirGlobally, increase of insulin resistance and diabetes prevalence with rapid change in lifestyle like nutrition results in Type II diabetes mellitus (Type II DM) which has become an epidemic problem. Modification of the diet, which is one of the most important lifestyle interventions, plays a crucial role in preventing and delaying of the type 2 diabetes mellitus, and also preventing or delaying the disease related complications. Recent studies have addressed insulin activity and insulin secretion, among the pathologic factors leading to the development of Type II DM, which alone are insufficient to determine the cause of diabetes. In addition to this, it is known that multifactorial causes of diabetes etiology involve different receptors as well as insulin, which is supported by genetic studies. One of these receptors, CD36 receptor, plays an important role in cardiovascular health and diseases, cancer, insulin resistance, taste and food choice. Studies have indicated that high blood CD36 levels may contribute as a new biomarker in the pathogenesis of type II DM. Furthermore, current literature have shown that the CD36 receptor might have role in different taste and smells in terms of fatty food selection. Thus, in this review, the relationship between the CD36 receptor, insulin resistance and the fatty food selection in the diet was examined

Metabolic Effects of Dietary Proteins, Amino Acids and The Other Amine Consisting Compounds on Cardiovascular System.

During the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, first cause of deaths in the world, diet has a vital role. While nutrition programs for the cardiovascular health generally focus on lipids and carbohydrates, effects of proteins are not well concerned. Thus this review is written in order to examine effect of proteins, amino acids, and the other amine consisting compounds on cardiovascular system. Because of that animal or plant derived proteins have different protein composition in different foods such as dairy products, egg, meat, chicken, fish, pulse and grains, their effects on blood pressure and regulation of lipid profile are unlike. In parallel amino acids made up proteins have different effect on cardiovascular system. From this point, sulfur containing amino acids, branched chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids, arginine, ornithine, citrulline, glycine, and glutamine may affect cardiovascular system in different metabolic pathways. In this context, one carbon metabolism, synthesis of hormone, stimulation of signaling pathways and effects of intermediate and final products that formed as a result of amino acids metabolism is determined. Despite the protein and amino acids, some other amine consisting compounds in diet include trimethylamine N-oxide, heterocyclic aromatic amines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and products of Maillard reaction. These amine consisting compounds generally increase the risk for cardiovascular diseases by stimulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and formation of atherosclerotic plaque

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake and effects on depression: what is suggested by the current literature?

Depression has become a current issue which is tried to be understood and where many researches are made on the causes of and treatment methods. According to the studies, it is important to examine the effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet as depression is becoming an important public health problem both in individual and social dimensions. The role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the treatment of depression is being studied at an increasing rate due to the diagnosis of depression which has become widespread in the last decade. It has been reported in many studies that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may be effective in the treatment of depression by presenting anti-inflammatory effects, increasing membrane fluidity, altering neurotransmitter passage, affecting the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis, increasing levels of neurotrophic factors. Further research is being conducted as there is no identified side effect associated with the use of n-3 poly unsaturated fatty acids in appropriate amounts. Although the efficacy of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has been proven by many studies, the issues of efficacy of their use individually or in combination and usability as an alternative therapy in the treatment of depression remain controversial.WOS:00060900320006

Mengen aşçılığı ve Mengen Aşçılık ve Turizm Festivali (1981-2015)

Ankara : İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent Üniversitesi İktisadi, İdari ve Sosyal Bilimler Fakültesi, Tarih Bölümü, 2016.This work is a student project of the The Department of History, Faculty of Economics, Administrative and Social Sciences, İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University.by Yiğit, Aslı

Posaconazole prophylaxis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: A real life experience from a prospective multicenter observational study

<div><p>Vaginal candidiasis is a common disorder in women of childbearing age, caused primarily by the dimorphic fungus <i>Candida albicans</i>. Since <i>C</i>. <i>albicans</i> is a normal commensal of the vaginal mucosa, a long-standing question is how the fungus switches from being a harmless commensal to a virulent pathogen. Work with human subjects and in mouse disease models suggests that host inflammatory processes drive the onset of symptomatic infection. Fungal cell wall molecules can induce inflammation through activation of epithelial and immune receptors that trigger pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, but pathogenic fungi can evade recognition by masking these molecules. Knowledge about which cell wall epitopes are available for immune recognition during human infection could implicate specific ligands and receptors in the symptoms of vaginal candidiasis. To address this important gap, we directly probed the surface of fungi present in fresh vaginal samples obtained both from women with symptomatic <i>Candida</i> vaginitis and from women that are colonized but asymptomatic. We find that the pro-inflammatory cell wall polysaccharide β-glucan is largely masked from immune recognition, especially on yeast. It is only exposed on a small percentage of hyphal cells, where it tends to co-localize with enhanced levels of chitin. Enhanced β-glucan availability is only found in symptomatic patients with strong neutrophil infiltration, implicating neutrophils as a possible driver of these cell wall changes. This is especially interesting because neutrophils were recently shown to be necessary and sufficient to provoke enhanced β-glucan exposure in <i>C</i>. <i>albicans</i>, accompanied by elevated immune responses. Taken together, our data suggest that the architecture of <i>C</i>. <i>albicans</i> cell wall can be altered by environmental stress during vaginal candidiasis.</p></div