Gutenberg goes neural : comparing features of Dutch human translations with raw neural machine translation outputs in a corpus of English literary classics

Due to the growing success of neural machine translation (NMT), many have started to question its applicability within the field of literary translation. In order to grasp the possibilities of NMT, we studied the output of the neural machine system of Google Translate (GNMT) and DeepL when applied to four classic novels translated from English into Dutch. The quality of the NMT systems is discussed by focusing on manual annotations, and we also employed various metrics in order to get an insight into lexical richness, local cohesion, syntactic, and stylistic difference. Firstly, we discovered that a large proportion of the translated sentences contained errors. We also observed a lower level of lexical richness and local cohesion in the NMTs compared to the human translations. In addition, NMTs are more likely to follow the syntactic structure of a source sentence, whereas human translations can differ. Lastly, the human translations deviate from the machine translations in style

Actant structural analysis in Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s: The memoirs of Sherlock Holmes

Structuralism analysis be further explore the existence of characters that need to be analyzed relationships between characters in the story. Therefore, the researchers used actants theory developed by Greimas. Therefore, the researcher need to do research to discuss the topic with the following research questions: 1) How is the analysis of characterization of the main characters in Sherlock Holmes novel? 2) How is actant method and functional model applied to characters in Sherlock Holmes novel?. From the analysis of the data stated that the structuralism analysis of the main characters of The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes novel is character of Sherlock Holmes having advantages as a smart person in revealing cases handled, but has drawbacks as a user drug. Then character of Dr. Watson had character who patient and reliable, especially in dealing with drawback Holmes. In the last, character of Professor James Moriarty is the biggest rivals for Holmes, but it also turned out to help Holmes in the use of drugs. Based on the findings of the data analysis, it can be concluded that by using actant structural analysis, it can be seen from the schema actant how the characters in the novel are interconnected with one another to create complete story

LOAN TRANSLATION OF SIR ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE’S THE MEMOIRS OF SHERLOCK HOLMES INTO DAISY DIANA’S MEMOAR SHERLOCK HOLMES

The study was aimed at describing the types of loan translation used in the Bahasa Indonesiatranslated novel of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle's Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes. The objectives of the study were (1) to describe the types of loan translation, (2) to describe the more dominant type of loan translation in Bahasa Indonesia version of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle’s Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes, and (3) to describe the accordance of loan translation with the rules of the receptor language. The study applied a descriptive qualitative method. The discussion was conducted in a descriptive way. Nevertheless, the quantitative data were used to empower the findings and also to ease drawing conclusions. The researcher analyzed the data by conducting the purposive sampling. Note taking technique was used in the data collection. The method was used to analyze every English word changed or absorbed into Bahasa Indonesia. It eased the researcher to calculate the most dominant type of loan translation procedure and also to show the process of loan translation clearly. This research reveals three findings. First, the types of loan translation used in the Bahasa Indonesia-translated novel are pure and naturalized loan translation. Second, the process of loan translation uses two common indications: (1) the pure loan translation procedure absorbed into Bahasa Indonesia and (2) the naturally adapted loan translation procedure. The spelling and pronunciation have been applied as the basic guiding principles in establishing loan-words in Bahasa Indonesia. In the Bahasa Indonesia-translated novel, the loan translation of pure loan translation is the more dominant type used as the process of loan translation. The data show that there are 332 words or 62.17% of the pure loan words translation while there are 202 words or 37.83 % of the naturalized loan words translation. This means that the pure loan translation is the more dominant. Third, overall it presents that the translation is in accordance with the rules of the receptor language

Sherlock Holmes - Čovjek izvan svog vremena. Prevođenje kulturnospecifičnih pojmova u podslovljavanju. Slučaj Sherlock

Translation is not simply translating words from one language into another. Every translation, directly or indirectly, contains cultural references of both the source and the target language. In order to produce an acceptable translation, the translator must be aware of that fact and do his/her best to transfer the references from the source to the target language. Translating these cultural references can be difficult because cultures differ from one another and equivalents cannot always be found. The act of translating cultural references becomes even more difficult when it comes to subtitling a TV show, a movie, or a documentary. Subtitles have many constraints that have to be respected and that is why translators use a number of strategies to overcome this problem. This will be shown on the example of Croatian subtitles for the BBC TV series Sherlock. Sherlock provides many references connected to the British culture which do not exist in the Croatian culture, so the translator must put in some extra work in order to provide the Croatian audience with a good and meaningful translation. Since Sherlock is a modern adaptation of the 19th century detective novels, there are also modern words and phrases nowadays used in the English language but also borrowed from the English language and used in other languages as loanwords which may be familiar to the younger audience but not so much to the older audience. Also, subtitles in general provide an insight into another language and culture, so they are quite valuable to students, children and non-native speakers of the source language