3,820 research outputs found
From holism to compositionality: memes and the evolution of segmentation, syntax, and signification in music and language
Steven Mithen argues that language evolved from an antecedent he terms âHmmmmm, [meaning it was] Holistic, manipulative, multi-modal, musical and mimeticâ. Owing to certain innate and learned factors, a capacity for segmentation and cross-stream mapping in early Homo sapiens broke the continuous line of Hmmmmm, creating discrete replicated units which, with the initial support of Hmmmmm, eventually became the semantically freighted words of modern language. That which remained after what was a bifurcation of Hmmmmm arguably survived as music, existing as a sound stream segmented into discrete units, although one without the explicit and relatively fixed semantic content of language. All three types of utterance â the parent Hmmmmm, language, and music â are amenable to a memetic interpretation which applies Universal Darwinism to what are understood as language and musical memes. On the basis of Peter Carruthersâ distinction between âcognitivismâ and âcommunicativismâ in language, and William Calvinâs theories of cortical information encoding, a framework is hypothesized for the semantic and syntactic associations between, on the one hand, the sonic patterns of language memes (âlexemesâ) and of musical memes (âmusemesâ) and, on the other hand, âmentaleseâ conceptual structures, in Chomskyâs âLogical Formâ (LF)
PasMoQAP: A Parallel Asynchronous Memetic Algorithm for solving the Multi-Objective Quadratic Assignment Problem
Multi-Objective Optimization Problems (MOPs) have attracted growing attention
during the last decades. Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms (MOEAs) have
been extensively used to address MOPs because are able to approximate a set of
non-dominated high-quality solutions. The Multi-Objective Quadratic Assignment
Problem (mQAP) is a MOP. The mQAP is a generalization of the classical QAP
which has been extensively studied, and used in several real-life applications.
The mQAP is defined as having as input several flows between the facilities
which generate multiple cost functions that must be optimized simultaneously.
In this study, we propose PasMoQAP, a parallel asynchronous memetic algorithm
to solve the Multi-Objective Quadratic Assignment Problem. PasMoQAP is based on
an island model that structures the population by creating sub-populations. The
memetic algorithm on each island individually evolve a reduced population of
solutions, and they asynchronously cooperate by sending selected solutions to
the neighboring islands. The experimental results show that our approach
significatively outperforms all the island-based variants of the
multi-objective evolutionary algorithm NSGA-II. We show that PasMoQAP is a
suitable alternative to solve the Multi-Objective Quadratic Assignment Problem.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Accepted at Conference on Evolutionary
Computation 2017 (CEC 2017
Parallel memetic algorithms for independent job scheduling in computational grids
In this chapter we present parallel implementations of Memetic Algorithms (MAs) for the problem of scheduling independent jobs in computational grids. The problem of scheduling in computational grids is known for its high demanding computational time. In this work we exploit the intrinsic parallel nature of MAs as well as the fact that computational grids offer large amount of resources, a part of which could be used to compute the efficient allocation of jobs to grid resources.
The parallel models exploited in this work for MAs include both fine-grained and coarse-grained parallelization and their hybridization. The resulting schedulers have been tested through different grid scenarios generated by a grid simulator to match different possible configurations of computational grids in terms of size (number of jobs and resources) and computational characteristics of resources. All in all, the result of this work showed that Parallel MAs are very good alternatives in order to match different performance requirement on fast scheduling of jobs to grid resources.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft
Myths and Legends of the Baldwin Effect
This position paper argues that the Baldwin effect is widely
misunderstood by the evolutionary computation community. The
misunderstandings appear to fall into two general categories.
Firstly, it is commonly believed that the Baldwin effect is
concerned with the synergy that results when there is an evolving
population of learning individuals. This is only half of the story.
The full story is more complicated and more interesting. The Baldwin
effect is concerned with the costs and benefits of lifetime
learning by individuals in an evolving population. Several
researchers have focussed exclusively on the benefits, but there
is much to be gained from attention to the costs. This paper explains
the two sides of the story and enumerates ten of the costs and
benefits of lifetime learning by individuals in an evolving population.
Secondly, there is a cluster of misunderstandings about the relationship
between the Baldwin effect and Lamarckian inheritance of acquired
characteristics. The Baldwin effect is not Lamarckian. A Lamarckian
algorithm is not better for most evolutionary computing problems than
a Baldwinian algorithm. Finally, Lamarckian inheritance is not a
better model of memetic (cultural) evolution than the Baldwin effect
Anisotropic-cyclicgraphene: A new two-dimensional semiconducting carbon allotrope
Potentially new, single-atom thick semiconducting 2D-graphene-like material,
called Anisotropic-cyclicgraphene, have been generated by the two stage
searching strategy linking molecular and ab initio approach. The candidate
derived from the evolutionary based algorithm and molecular simulations was
then profoundly analysed using first-principles density functional theory from
the structural, mechanical, phonon, and electronic properties point of view.
The proposed polymorph of graphene (rP16-P1m1) is mechanically, dynamically,
and thermally stable and can be semiconducting with a direct band gap of 0.829
eV.Comment: 15 pages, 14 figure
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