THE LEARNERS’ ATTITUDE TOWARD JAVANESE LANGUAGE SUBJECT AS ONE OF JAVANESE’S LANGUAGE MAINTENANCE EFFORT

As a multilingual country, language maintenance is important to prevent the local language or varieties from being perished. Javanese language subject at school is one of the languagemaintenance efforts from the government and this paper discusses about the language attitude of the students toward it. There two kind language attitude in learning process, Integrative attitude and instrumental attitude. The attitude that is possessed by the studentswill influence the success of Javanese language subject as language maintenance effort from the government. This paper also discusses about the influence of language shift to more dominant language such as Indonesian language and English toward the student’s attitudedevelopment

Contributions to the flora and vegetation of Kagbeni (Mustan District, Central Nepal)

Kagbeni and its irrigated oasis are surrounded by subdesert dwarf scrubland. In the present study, a list of 78 species of vascular plants is presented for Kagbeni and its immediate surroundings, supplemented with data on the distribution of the species within the entire Mustan District. The data are arrived from own investigations and the geobotanical literature. A phytogeographical analysis shows the prevalence of western over eastern elements. Species with a wide distribution in Eurasia, which constitute one third of the total flora of Kagbeni, are of great importance as weeds on arable fields and in ruderal places within the irrigated oasis. Their occurrence is closely related to human activity. Presumably, most of these weeds have reached the area under study in connection with agriculture a long time ago. Weeds from the New World, although recorded in other villages of Mustan District, have not been found in Kagbeni. The weed vegetation of Kagbeni is documented by nine vegetation releves, and is compared to releves from Jomsom and Mzrpha. A floristic gradient from south to north that has been detected by earlier investigations throughout the whole district can be reproduced at the local scale. With regard to the weed flora, the effects of different crops are minimal, compared to effects of altitude and other factors related to altitude

PROSEDUR KREDIT TANPA AGUNAN (KTA) PADA BANK SUBANG (PT. BPR SUBANG GEMI NASTITI)

Abstrak   Kredit Tanpa Agunan adalah sebuah pinjaman perbankan yang mampu memberikan dana kepada nasabah tanpa perlu mempersiapkan suatu aset untuk dijadikan jaminan atas pinjaman tersebut. Kredit Tanpa Agunan umumnya disediakan bank untuk berbagai keperluan, diantaranya biaya pendidikan, renovasi rumah, modal kerja, dan untuk kebutuhan lainnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan berdasarkan permasalahan yang ditemukan pada saat proses observasi Kredit Tanpa Agunan pada Bank Subang (PT. BPR Subang Gemi Nastiti). Tujuan dari Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Prosedur Kredit Tanpa Agunan (KTA) Pada Bank Subang (PT. BPR Subang Gemi Nastiti). Tempat pelaksanaan penelitian adalah di Bank Subang (PT. BPR Subang Gemi Nastiti) yang beralamat di Jl. Otto Iskandardinata Nomor 125 Subang. Untuk memperoleh data yang diperlukan dalam penelitian ini. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa metode analisis pengumpulan data antara lain : metode observasi, metode wawancara, metode dokumentasi, metode studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Kredit Tanpa Agunan sangat banyak diminati, khususnya bagi para karyawan yang bekerja di instansi pemerintah/perusahaan yang sudah melakukan perjanjiaan kerjasama dengan Bank Subang (PT. BPR Subang Gemi Nastiti). Karena proses dan persyaratannya mudah, sehingga nasabah tidak perlu menjaminkan harta yang dimilikinya. Karena gaji setiap bulan yang dibayarkan instansi/perusahaan merupakan jaminannya. Masalah yang timbul jarang sekali terjadi karena sistem pembayaran angsuran dilakukan dengan cara auto debit, karena syarat pinjaman Kredit Tanda Agunan nasabah harus memiliki rekning tabungan di Bank Subang (PT. BPR Subang Gemi Nastiti).   Kata kunci : Prosedur,  Kredit Tanpa Agunan.                 Abstract Unsecured credit is a banking loan that is able to provide funds to customers without the need to prepare an asset to be used as collateral for the loan. Unsecured credit is generally provided by banks for various purposes, including education costs, house renovations, working capital and other needs. This research was conducted based on problems found during the process of observing Unsecured Credit at Bank Subang (PT. BPR Subang Gemi Nastiti). The purpose of this research is to determine the Unsecured Credit (KTA) Procedure at Subang Bank (PT. BPR Subang Gemi Nastiti). The place where the research was carried out was at Bank Subang (PT. BPR Subang Gemi Nastiti) which is located at Jl. Otto Iskandardinata Number 125 Subang. To obtain the data needed in this research. This research method uses several data collection analysis methods, including: observation method, interview method, documentation method, literature study method. The research results show that collateral-free loans are in great demand, especially for employees who work in government agencies/companies that have entered into cooperation agreements with Bank Subang (PT. BPR Subang Gemi Nastiti). Because the process and requirements are easy, customers do not need to pledge their assets as collateral. Because the monthly salary paid by the agency/company is a guarantee. Problems that arise rarely occur because the installment payment system is carried out by auto debit method, because the terms of the Collateral Credit Credit loan, the customer must have a savings account at Bank Subang (PT. BPR Subang Gemi Nastiti).   Keywords: Procedures, Unsecured Credit.       &nbsp

Kontrasepsi dalam Kajian Islam

The term contraception means the prevention of pregnancy through prevention of conception. There are various ways of contraception, such as contraceptive injections, intravaginal contraceptive, condoms, intrauterine devices (IUD), tubectomy, vasectomy surgery, and alternative conventional means. Contraception methods most widely used today are oral contraceptives and injections. In this context, the substantial function of the Family Planning (KB) program is obviously to lower fertility in order to reduce the burden of nation development in efforts to accomplish contentment and prosperity for the people or nation of Indonesia. As stated in decree number 10 of 1992 on Population Development and Family Welfare Development, the definition of Family Planning is raising efforts and community involvement through maturing age of marriage, birth control, fostering family resilience and family welfare with the purpose of establishing small, happy, and prosperous families

Gravitomagnetic currents in the inflationary universe from WIMT

Using the Weitzenb\"ock representation of a Riemann-flat 5D spacetime, we study the possible existence of primordial gravito-magnetic currents from Gravito-electromagnetic Inflation (GEMI). We found that these currents decrease exponentially in the Weitzenb\"ock representation, but they are null in a Levi-Civita representation because we are dealing with a 5D Riemann-flat spacetime without structure or torsion.Comment: Version to be published in European Phys. J.

Pemberdayaan Perempuan Pasca Gempa Bumi Melalui Progam Kredit Mikro Koperasi Syari’ah Gemi di Miri Sewon Bantul

This article aims to examine the empowerment program for victims of the Yogyakarta earthquake in 2006. Empowerment programs are carried out through GEMI-based Islamic cooperative micro credit. This program aims to help restore and improve the economy of small women entrepreneurs who were stalled due to the earthquake that struck Yogyakarta. In addition, this article looks at the success of empowerment carried out by the GEMI Syariah Cooperative or Islamic Banking (Koperasi Syariah GEMI). The research used is field research. The approach used is qualitative. Through cross check with validity using the trianggulation method, it is expected that field research can provide a credible perspective on what is conveyed by the informants. That way, field results show that empowerment carried out by the Koperasi Syariah GEMI uses five steps, namely capital, business training, mentoring, marketing, and institutional strengthening. The success of the program is seen from 3 aspects, namely institutional, capital, and marketing. The existence of Koperasi Syariah GEMI in empowering women, can directly provide positive effectiveness for the development of small businesses initiated or continue their businesses. This program can gradually help, restore, and improve the economy of small women entrepreneurs who were stalled due to the earthquake that struck Yogyakarta.Artikel ini hendak mengkaji tentang program pemberdayaan perembuan korban gempa bumi Yogyakarta tahun 2006. Program pemberdayaan yang dijalankan melalui kredit usaha mikro berbasis koperasi syariah GEMI. Pragram ini bertujuan untuk membantu memulihkan dan meningkatkan perekonomian pengusaha kecil perempuan yang sempat terhenti akibat gempa bumi yang melanda Yogyakarta. Selain itu, artikel ini melihat keberhasilan pemberdayaan yang dilakukan Koperasi Syariah GEMI. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian lapangan. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Melalui cross check dengan validitas menggunakan metode trianggulasi, diharapkan penelitian lapangan dapat memberikan sebuah perspektif yang kredibel tentang apa yang disampaikan oleh para informan. Dengan begitu, hasil lapangan menunjukan bahwa pemberdayaan yang dilakukan Koperasi Syariah GEMI menggunakan lima langkah yaitu permodalan, pelatihan usaha, pendampingan, pemasaran, dan penguatan lembaga. Keberhasilan program dilihat dari 3 aspek, yaitu kelembagaan, permodalan, dan pemasaran. Adanya koperasi syariah GEMI dalam memberdayakan perempuan, secara langsung dapat memberikan efektif positif bagi pengembangan usaha kecil yang dirintis atau melanjutkan usaha mereka. Program ini secara berangsur dapat membantu, memulihkan, dan meningkatkan perekonomian pengusaha kecil perempuan yang sempat terhenti akibat gempa bumi yang melanda Yogyakarta

Measure for measure: how well do we measure micro-level conflict intensity?.

Rich measures of micro-level violent conflict intensity are key for successfully providing insight into the legacy of civil war.Yet, the debate on how exactly conflict intensity should be measured has just started. This paper aims to fuel this awakening debate. It is demonstrated how existing and widely available data - population census data- can provide the basis for a useful measure of micro-level conflict intensity, i.e. a fine Wartime Excess Mortality Index (WEMI). In contrast to measures that are based on news reports or data from transitional justice records, WEMI is relatively neutral to the cause of excess mortality, giving equal weight to victims belonging to the conquering and defeated party, to victims of large-scale massacres and dispersed killings, to victims of violence in easily accessable locations and remote areas, and to direct and indirect victims of violence. The measure is illustrated for the case of Rwanda and it is shown that in straightfoward empirical application of the impact of armed conflict on schooling different measures for micro-level conflict intensity yield strikingly different results.armed conflict,micro-level conflict intensity measures,difference-in-difference,Rwanda,schooling;

Information Technology-Based Financial Administration Training for Waste Bank Management

Background:  Currently there are many movements to support the government related to improving people's welfare by processing waste. Since the Covid-19 pandemic, the price of used waste has decreased. This community service is carried out at the “Gemi Nastiti” Waste Bank. The recap of activities and finances carried out at the “Gemi Nastiti” Waste Bank is done manually, this is because members do not yet have the knowledge and ability to do administration. Therefore, this community service aims to provide assistance in preparing technology-based administration. Contribution:  Providing knowledge, understanding, and financial administration skills to Waste Bank Managers "Gemi Nastiti" through the use of Microsoft excel and can input and apply Microsoft excel in processing their waste bank financial administration work. Method:  Providing material theoretically microsoft excel, demonstrating how to use microsoft excel, training and assistance in inputting financial transaction data, case solving from the field. Results:  The knowledge of the waste bank management "Gemi Nastiti" about Microsoft excell is approximately 10% at the time of the pre-test, while the work done is administration which has been done manually. For this reason, in the activities in the community that are currently carried out, namely financial administration training using Microsoft Excel, after the completion of the training, the post-test value obtained is on average 77%. Conclusion:  The administrators of the "Gemi Nastiti" waste bank can use Microsoft Excel in recording financial administration as evidence and information from the running of waste bank activitie

Sadar pilah sampah dengan konsep 4R (Reuse, Reduce, Recycle, Replace) dalam upaya penurunan volume sampah Desa Pantai Gemi tahun 2022

Diseases can be spread directly or indirectly via unprocessed garbage. Garbage management is crucial if we want to reduce the negative effects that waste has on our health. The community of Pantai Gemi lacks waste-processing infrastructure. The Sanitation Service's inaccessible trash transportation system, which forces people to process waste on their own, is the root of this issue. One significant effort that can be made is to educate the community. This study sought to ascertain how public perception has changed as well as how much less inorganic and organic trash was being produced as a result of the extension intervention. A pre-test-post-test design with one group is used in this kind of research. All of the 2,179 family heads who make up the study's population make up its sample of 30 families. Seven respondents, according to data on changes in respondents' knowledge, report changes in their knowledge of waste management. The results of the normality test demonstrate the homogeneity of the waste generation statistics. The Dependent Sample T-Test method was used to examine waste generation. The analysis of the volume of inorganic waste yielded t = 0.00<0.05, indicating that intervention has an effect on decreasing the volume of inorganic waste in Pantai Gemi Village. The analysis of the weight loss of organic waste yielded t = 0.00<0.05, indicating that intervention has an effect on weight loss of organic waste in Pantai Gemi Village. Residents of Pantai Gemi Village should be given advice by the Department of Cleanliness and the Environment. For the Gemi Beach Village Apparatus to be able to connect the neighborhood's trash management efforts with relevant organizations. For Pantai Gemi Village inhabitants to become accustomed to and learn more about handling waste on their own

Estimation of Burned Area in the Northeastern Siberian Boreal Forest from a Long-Term Data Record (LTDR) 1982–2015 Time Series

A Bayesian classifier mapped the Burned Area (BA) in the Northeastern Siberian boreal forest (70°N 120°E–60°N 170°E) from 1982 to 2015. The algorithm selected the 0.05° (~5 km) Long-Term Data Record (LTDR) version 3 and 4 data sets to generate 10-day BA composites. Landsat-TM scenes of the entire study site in 2002, 2010, and 2011 assessed the spatial accuracy of this LTDR-BA product, in comparison to Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) MCD45A1 and MCD64A1 BA products. The LTDR-BA algorithm proves a reliable source to quantify BA in this part of Siberia, where comprehensive BA remote sensing products since the 1980s are lacking. Once grouped by year and decade, this study explored the trends in fire activity. The LTDR-BA estimates contained a high interannual variability with a maximum of 2.42 million ha in 2002, an average of 0.78 million ha/year, and a standard deviation of 0.61 million ha. Going from 6.36 in the 1980s to 10.21 million ha BA in the 2010s, there was a positive linear BA trend of approximately 1.28 million ha/decade during these last four decades in the Northeastern Siberian boreal forest