A morphogenetic crop model for sugar-beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

This paper is the instructions for the proceeding of the International Symposium on Crop. Sugar beet crop models have rarely taken into account the morphogenetic process generating plant architecture despite the fact that plant architectural plasticity plays a key role during growth, especially under stress conditions. The objective of this paper is to develop this approach by applying the GreenLab model of plant growth to sugar beet and to study the potential advantages for applicative purposes. Experiments were conducted with husbandry practices in 2006. The study of sugar beet development, mostly phytomer appearance, organ expansion and leaf senescence, allowed us to define a morphogenetic model of sugar beet growth based on GreenLab. It simulates organogenesis, biomass production and biomass partitioning. The functional parameters controlling source-sink relationships during plant growth were estimated from organ and compartment dry masses, measured at seven different times, for samples of plants. The fitting results are good, which shows that the introduced framework is adapted to analyse source-sink dynamics and shoot-root allocation throughout the season. However, this approach still needs to be fully validated, particularly among seasons

Reduction of selected betacyanins

Betacyanins are conjugates of betalamic acid and glycosylated cyclo-DOPA which bring about the creation of a specific chromophoric system, the 1,7-diazaheptamethin chain. Betanin, a betacyanin pigment from red beet (Beta vulgaris L.), as well as its decarboxylated derivatives were subjected to reduction with the use of NaBH4. The pigment structures contain a vinyl linker which is postulated to be protonated during reaction with NaBH4. In this study, 17-decarboxybetanin and 2,17-bidecarboxy-betanin were obtained from betanin, which had been previously isolated from red beet root (Beta vulgaris L.). Purified pigments were tested in the presence of the reduction reagent while looking for the products of the reaction identified by LC-MS

The influence of variety on the content of bioactive compounds in beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.)

Vegetable are widespread throughout the world and is a major part of the human diet. From the perspective of agricultural crops that belong to the group of Beta vulgaris (beetroot, mangold, sugar beets, fodder beet) are first-rate vegetables. Especially popular is used in the food industry for the production of sugar, various vegetable juices, coloring agents, and many other products. Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) is considered one of the ten most important vegetable in the world, thanks to the content of rare natural pigments (betalains), polyphenols, flavonoids, antioxidants, vitamins, minerals and fiber. In this work we evaluated content of bioactive substances, especially the content of total polyphenols, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity in several varieties (Cylindra, Kahira, Chioggia, Crosby Egyptian) of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.). Samples of plant material were collected at full maturity stages from areas of Zeleneč (Czech Republic). Zeleneč is area without negative influences and emission sources. Samples of fresh beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) were homogenized and were prepared as an extract: 50 g cut beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) extracted by 100 mL 80% ethanol for sixteen hours. These extracts were used for analyses. The content of the total polyphenols was determined by using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent (FCR). The absorbance was measured at 765 nm of wavelength against blank. The content of total anthocyanins was measured at 520 nm wavelength of the blank. Antioxidant activity was measured using a compound DPPH˙ (2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) at 515.6 nm in the spectrophotometer. In the present experiment it was detected, that total polyphenols content in samples ranges from 218.00 mg.kg-1 to 887.75 mg.kg-1, total anthocyanins content in samples ranges from 14.48 ±0.40 mg.kg-1 to 84.50 ±4.71 mg.kg-1 and values of antioxidant activity were in interval from 8.37 ±0.29% to 21.83 ±0.35%

BUAH BIT (Beta vulgaris L.) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF SAFRANIN PADA PEWARNAAN GRAM

Crystal violet and Safranin are carcinogenic dyes in the Gram stain. Safe alternative materials are needed to minimize the use of carcinogenic properties. Betalain is a pigment of Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.). The purpose of this study was to determine Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) as an alternative of Safranin in bacterial Gram staining. It was an experimental research, where to determine the effectiveness of natural dyes, beetroot was made with concentrations of 75%, 90% and 100% with the addition of HCL. The data in this study using the researcher's observation by looking at the existence of bacterial color in Gram staining with beetroot extract substitute the Safranin. Klebsiella pneumonia was used as the Gram negative bacteria. Neither beetroot juice nor beetroot extract stained the Klebsiella pneumonia. However the Klebsiella pneumoniae stained by 100% concentration of beetroot maceration. It can be concluded that Beetroot is less effective for an alternative of Safranin in bacterial Gram staining.Crystal violet dan Safranin merupakan pewarna dalam pewarnaan Gram yang bersifat karsinogenik. Bahan alternatif yang aman diperlukan untuk meminimalkan penggunaan bahan karsinogenik. Betalain merupakan pigmen yang mempengaruhi warna merah pada umbi bit (Beta vulgaris L.). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan Bit (Beta vulgaris L.) sebagai alternatif pengganti Safranin dalam pewarnaan Gram bakteri. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimental, dimana untuk mengetahui efektifitas dari pewarna alami Bit dibuat Konsentrasi 75%,90% dan 100% dengan penambahan HCL. Data pada penelitian ini didapat dari observasi peneliti dengan melihat ada tidaknya warna bakteri pada pewarnaan Gram dengan ekstrak buah bit menggantikan Safranin. Klebsiella pneumonia digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebagai bakteri Gram negatif. Preparat Klebsiella pneumonia tidak terwarnai dengan Air Perasan Bit maupun Ekstrak Bit. Namun Klebsiella pneumonia dapat terwarnai dengan Maserasi Bit konsentrasi 100%. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa Bit kurang efektif digunakan sebagai alternatif pengganti Safranin dalam pewarnaan Gram bakteri

Использование ПЦР-анализа для выявления генетического полиморфизма сортотипов свеклы корнеплодной Beta vulgaris L.

Работа посвящена молекулярно-генетическому изучению сортотипов свеклы корнеплодной (Beta vulgaris L.). Выявлена генетическая структура и полиморфизм по ретротранспозонам и микросателлитным локусам сортообразцов сахарной, кормовой, столовой и полусахарной свеклы и внутривидовых гибридов с их участие

Post-meiotic apozygotic combinatory process in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

The effect of colchicine on phenotypic classes ratio of the enzyme locus controlling alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH1) in sugar beet agamospermous progenies was analyzed. The obtained data are indicative of the thing that colchicine causes polytenization of homological chromosome regions carrying marker locus Adh1 alleles. Theoretical calculation of the formation of egg cell frequencies and those of further development of cells entering embryogenesis without fertilization, also the diminution calculation of excessive chromosome regions carrying marker locus alleles have been made. The coincidence of theoretical and experimental ratios of phenotypic classes indicates the existence of a post-meiotic apozygotic combinatory process in plants

Effectiveness of Beta Vulgaris L (BIT) Juice To Increase Haemoglobin Levels In Pregnant Women Anemia at Primary Health Care Kotaraja

Anemia is the world's second leading cause of disability and because of that, it becomes one of the most serious global public health problems. Pregnant women who suffer from anemia are at risk of having miscarriage, babies born prematurely, low birth weight babies, and bleeding before and after delivery. This study aims to understand the effectiveness of giving beta vulgaris L (beet) fruit juice in increasing hemoglobin levels for anemic pregnant women. This research is a Quasi Experiment, using the Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The population in this study were 30 pregnant women who came for ANC examinations in October-December 2019. The sampling technique used was the total sampling technique. The data used for this research was the secondary data collected from the profile of the Jayapura City Health Office. Meanwhile, the primary data were collected using observation sheets and a digital haemometer. The analysis technique used was the Dependent T test (Paired Sample Test). This study showed the frequency distribution data before intervention, the level of mild anemia was 46.7% and moderate anemia was 53.3%. Based on the results of the Paired Sample T-Test, the value of p = 0.000 (p 0.05) was obtained.  Beta vulgaris L (beet) fruit juice is effective for increasing Hb levels of pregnant women with anemia. Keyword : Anemia, Beta Vulgaris L (Beet) juice, pregnant women, haemoglobi

UJI TINGKAT KEKONTRASAN PREPARAT JARINGAN OTOT MENGGUNAKAN PEWARNA ALAMI DARI LARUTAN UMBI BIT (Beta vulgaris L) SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR BIOLOGI

Cell or tissue dyes that have been used are synthetic dyes where the chemicals are relatively expensive and carcinogenic in nature. Alternativedyes can be used are natural dyes that have a high affinity for the componentsof cells or tissues. The aim of this study was to determine the contrast level ofmuscle tissue preparations stained using solution (Beta vulgaris L) anddetermine the concentration of solution (Beta vulgaris L) which had the besteffect on the level of muscle tissue contrast.This type of research is an experimental study with qualitativedescriptive data processing, the design uses 6 treatment variations of beetrootconcentration concentration (20%, 50%, 60%, 75%, 90%, 100%) and 2treatments as a control (without coloring and eosin coloring) with 3replications. Data obtained by direct observation using a microscope anddocumented with a camera and then conducted a review by biologists. Theparameter observed was the contrast of the color of the muscle tissuepreparation. The results showed that the contrast level of (Columna livia)skeletal muscle tissue preparations stained using solution (Beta vulgaris L) wasbest at a concentration of 60% was very clear criteria and very contrasted withthe average value obtained 2, 74. The results of this study were compiled as asource of learning biology in the form of practical instructions for class XI highschool students in the structure and function of tissue in animals with anaverage percentage worth of 86%

Effect of Ethanol Extract of Red Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) on the Follicle Stimulating Hormone Levels among Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Exposed to Cigarette Smoke

Ethanol extract of red beetroot (Beta Vulgaris L.) contains chemical compounds of ascorbic acid, carotenoite, phenolic acid, betalain, and favonoids. Red beetroot supplements can prevent oxidative damage to the structure of DNA, lipids and proteins in vitro. This study aims to prove that the ethanol extract of red beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) has an effect on increasing FSH levels among female white rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to cigarette smoke. This was a True Experimental study with the post-test only control group design. The current study involved 25 female rats which were assigned into 5 groups: negative control, positive control, treatment I, II and III. The doses of red beetroot extract used were PI (125 mg/kgBW/day), PII (250 mg/kgBW/day), and PIII (500 mg/kgBW/day). Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA with p-value of FSH (p = 0.000). The results of the study proved that administration of red beetroot ethanol extract at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW/day could increase the ovarian FSH levels among female rats exposed to cigarette smoke.Ekstrak etanol bit merah (Beta vulgaris L.) memiliki kandungan senyawa kimia: asam askorbat, karetenoit, asam fenolik, betalain, serta favonoid. Suplemen bit merah dapat menghindari terjadinya kerusakan oksidatif pada lipid, struktur DNA, dan protein secara in vitro.  Tujuan riset ini untuk membuktikan bahwa ekstrak etanol bit merah (Beta vulgaris L.) memiliki pengaruh terhadap kenaikan kadar FSH pada tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) betina yang dipapar dengan asap rokok. Desain penelitian menggunakan true experiments dengan rancangan post-test only control group design. Riset ini menggunakan 25 ekor tikus betina yang dipisah menjadi 5 kelompok: kelompok kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, perlakuan I, II serta III. Dosis ekstrak bit yang digunakan masing-masing ialah PI (125 mg/kgBB/hari), PII (250 mg/kgBB/hari), PIII (500 mg/kgBB/hari). Analisa data menggunakan One-Way ANOVA dengan p-value FSH (p= 0.000). Hasil riset membuktikan jika pemberian ekstrak etanol bit merah dengan dosis 500 mg/kgBB/hari dapat menambah kadar FSH pada ovarium tikus yang dipapar asap rokok

DOES Beta vulgaris L. HAVE LCYB GENE?

Beta carotene is a pigment that generally shared by all plants. This pigment synthesis is catalized by lycopene beta cyclase enzime. This enzyme is encoded by the LCYB gene. This research aimed to obtain the sequence of LCYB gene isolated from beet (Beta vulgaris L.) leaves. Several experiments have been done to isolate the LCYB gene. In the first experiment, the gene primers are designed using Pick Primer software based on conserved region of Taraxacum officinale (accession no.AB247456.1) and Lilium lancifolium LCYB (accession no. GU471230.1).The forward primer is (5'-TGTCGTGGTGGATCTTGTGG-3') and the reverse is (5'-ACACCTGTTGAGCGACAGAC-3').At the first experiment, the gene target’s sequence was not obtained as the phylogenetic relationship between Beta vulgaris, Taraxacum officinale, and Lilium lancifolium were too far.In the second experiment, the primers are designed using LCYB gene in Arabidopsis thaliana (accsession no.NM_111858.2), with considering Arabidopsis thaliana as a plant model. The primers are (5’­TGGGACAGCAGGAATGGTTC-3’) as the forward primer and (5’-GAGAAGAGCGACAACCCGAA-3’) the reverse. By using BLAST analysis in the second experiment, it suggests that the fragment amplified by forward primer has similarity with trnL gene.This study seems to amplify the trnL gene instead of LCYB gene. This facts leads to bigger question whether or not the Beta vulgaris L has the LCYB gene.Keywords : Beta carotene, Lycopene Beta Cyclase, Beta vulgaris L, LCYB gen