IPCP: Immersive Parallel Coordinates Plots for Engineering Design Processes

Computational engineering design methods and tools are common practice in modern industry. Such approaches are integral in enabling designers to efficiently explore larger and more complex design spaces. However, at the same time, computational engineering design methods tend to dramatically increase the number of candidate solutions that decision-makers must interpret in order to make appropriate choices within a set of solutions. Since all candidate solutions can be represented in digital form together with their assessment criteria, evaluated according to some sort of simulation model, a natural way to explore and understand the complexities of the design problem is to visualize their multidimensional nature. The task now involves the discovery of patterns and trends within the multidimensional design space. In this work, we aim to enhance the design decision-making process by embedding visual analytics into an immersive virtual reality environment. To this end, we present a system called IPCP: immersive parallel coordinates plots. IPCP combines the well-established parallel coordinates visualization technique for high-dimensional data with immersive virtual reality. We propose this approach in order to exploit and discover efficient means to use new technology within a conventional decision-making process. The aim is to provide benefits by enhancing visualizations of 3D geometry and other physical quantities with scientific information. We present the design of this system, which allows the representation and exploration of multidimensional scientific datasets. A qualitative evaluation with two surrogate expert users, knowledgeable in multidimensional data analysis, demonstrate that the system can be used successfully to detect both known and previously unknown patterns in a real-world test dataset, producing an early indicative validation of its suitability for decision support in engineering design processes.Cambridge European and Trinity Hall; Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC-1788814

Uncertainty-aware video visual analytics of tracked moving objects

Vast amounts of video data render manual video analysis useless while recent automatic video analytics techniques suffer from insufficient performance. To alleviate these issues we present a scalable and reliable approach exploiting the visual analytics methodology. This involves the user in the iterative process of exploration hypotheses generation and their verification. Scalability is achieved by interactive filter definitions on trajectory features extracted by the automatic computer vision stage. We establish the interface between user and machine adopting the VideoPerpetuoGram (VPG) for visualization and enable users to provide filter-based relevance feedback. Additionally users are supported in deriving hypotheses by context-sensitive statistical graphics. To allow for reliable decision making we gather uncertainties introduced by the computer vision step communicate these information to users through uncertainty visualization and grant fuzzy hypothesis formulation to interact with the machine. Finally we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by the video analysis mini challenge which was part of the IEEE Symposium on Visual Analytics Science and Technology 2009

Technique de visualisation hybride pour les données spatio-temporelles

La technique de visualisation décrite dans ce mémoire permet de visualiser les mouvements de plusieurs personnes ou objets au sein d’un bâtiment sous forme de graphe noeuds-liens, où les noeuds représentent les salles, et où les liens représentent les portes. La représentation choisie pour les trajectoires, qui peut être vue comme une métaphore de la circulation routière, permet de visualiser la direction des trajectoires et l’ordre dans lequel les pièces ont été visitées. Une visualisation hybride est aussi proposée, mixant la technique de visualisation topologique (décrite ci-dessus) à la technique de visualisation géospatiale, et ayant des caractéristiques « focus-in-context » et « multi-focales ». Une expérience contrôlée a été effectuée pour mesurer l’efficacité de ces techniques, et les résultats ont montré que la technique topologique est significativement plus rapide que la technique géospatiale pour trois des quatre tâches choisies

A Review of Temporal Data Visualizations Based on Space-Time Cube Operations

International audienceWe review a range of temporal data visualization techniques through a new lens, by describing them as series of op- erations performed on a conceptual space-time cube. These operations include extracting subparts of a space-time cube, flattening it across space or time, or transforming the cube's geometry or content. We introduce a taxonomy of elementary space-time cube operations, and explain how they can be combined to turn a three-dimensional space-time cube into an easily-readable two-dimensional visualization. Our model captures most visualizations showing two or more data dimensions in addition to time, such as geotemporal visualizations, dynamic networks, time-evolving scatterplots, or videos. We finally review interactive systems that support a range of operations. By introducing this conceptual framework we hope to facilitate the description, criticism and comparison of existing temporal data visualizations, as well as encourage the exploration of new techniques and systems

Design study of MovementSlicer : an interactive visualization of patterns and group meetings in 2D movement data

Movement data collected through GPS or other technologies is increasingly common, but is difficult to visualize due to overplotting and occlusion of movements when displayed on 2D maps. An additional challenge is the extraction of useful higher-level information (such as meetings) derived from the raw movement data. We present a design study of MovementSlicer, a tool for visualizing the places visited, and behaviors of, individual actors, and also the meetings between multiple actors. We first present a taxonomy of visualizations of movement data, and then consider tasks to support when analyzing movement data and especially meetings of multiple actors. We argue that Gantt charts have many advantages for understanding the movements and meetings of small groups of moving entities, and present the design of a Gantt chart that can nest people within locations or locations within people along the vertical axis, and show time along the horizontal axis. The rows of our Gantt chart are sorted by activity level and can be filtered using a weighted adjacency matrix showing meetings between people. Empty time intervals in the Gantt chart can be automatically folded, with smoothly animated transitions, yielding a multi-focal view. Case studies demonstrate the utility of our prototype

État des lieux des représentations dynamiques des temporalités des territoires

Le temps et ses caractéristiques ont toujours fait l’objet de grandes attentions pour comprendre les dynamiques des territoires. Aujourd’hui, que ce soit à cause des nouvelles capacités d’observation en temps réel, de l’accumulation des séries de données au cours du temps, ou à cause de la multiplication des rythmes, les temporalités à prendre en compte pour comprendre les dynamiques territoriales se multiplient et leurs imbrications se complexifient. Interroger les rythmes, les vitesses, les cycles de ces dynamiques, ou mettre en relation temporelle des phénomènes spatiaux tels que les évènements catastrophiques passés devient plus que jamais un enjeu pour comprendre et décider.Les jeux de méthodes mobilisables aujourd’hui pour représenter les temporalités des territoires sont en plein renouvellement, et imposent désormais bien souvent de franchir les fractures disciplinaires traditionnelles entre échelles, entre outils, entre formalismes. Les domaines d’applications potentiellement concernés, comme celui du développement durable des territoires, sont autant de domaines susceptibles de nourrir les questions associées à l’exploration des temporalités des territoires. Le projet "Représentation dynamique des temporalités des territoires" se veut un état des lieux de différents développements et solutions pour analyser et rendre compte des temporalités des territoires. Cet état des lieux est à entrées multiples, interrogeant à la fois des choix amont (modélisation) et des choix proprement liés à la question de la représentation. Le projet débouche sur un ensemble de résultats dont certains sont mis en ligne sur le site: http://www.map.cnrs.fr/jyb/puca/- Une grille de lecture de la collection d'applications analysée (voir onglet "47 applications"), grille où sont combinés des indicateurs généraux sur par exmeple le type de service rendu ou le type de dynamique spatiale analysée, et des indicateurs plus spécifiques au traitement des dimensions spatiales et temporelles. Cette grille est mise en place sur 47 applications identifiées et analysées,- Des visualisations récapitulatives conçues comme outils d'analyse comparative de la collection,- Une bibliographie structurée en relation avec la grille de lecture

Sonifying Urban Rhythms: Towards the spatio-temporal composition of the urban environment

This thesis is concerned with the composition of the urban rhythms generated by urban design and planning. It recognises the temporal limitations of the graphic urban masterplan, with its tendency of being static and singular in the composition of urban experience. Thus it proposes the integration of rhythm into the urban design and planning process, with the aim to improve the temporal quality of urban design. In order to represent these urban rhythms, as designed in the graphic masterplan, we propose their sonification. A Sonified Urban Masterplan (SUM) tool was developed, allowing the sonification of multiple layers of maps (raster or vector images) along a number of paths of interest. An urban sonic code was then developed in order to map the relevant graphic urban parameters into sound parameters. This sonification strategy was applied to the city of Paris as a case study, producing a sonified set of maps whose composition could be ‘listened’ to over time. Temporal issues concerning human movement, transport infrastructure, activity distribution, and the structuring of urban form and design elements could be represented and heard. We then investigated the potential of the SUM tool as a design and planning tool. We explored how sound could be used to inform the composition of urban form in both time and space, in order to generate the urban rhythms we may desire to experience. Thus through the integration of sonification in urban design and planning, this thesis permits the spatio-­‐temporal representation and composition of urban form. It allows urban designers and planners to compose future urban rhythms and improve the temporal quality of our urban environments. Furthermore, the potential of this tool in other fields has also be recognized, for example in music and the composition of multi-­‐layered open graphic scores

Visualising Geographically-Embedded Origin-Destination Flows: in 2D and immersive environments

This thesis develops and evaluates effective techniques for visualisation of flows (e.g. of people, trade, knowledge) between places on geographic maps. This geographically-embedded flow data contains information about geographic locations, and flows from origin locations to destination locations. We explored the design space of OD flow visualisation in both 2D and immersive environments. We do so by creating novel OD flow visualisations in both environments, and then conducting controlled user studies to evaluate different designs.Comment: PhD Thesis, Monash University, Australia, December 2018. Update: corrected typos in arXiv comment